新人教版七年级上册英语语法总复习.doc

七年级上册总复习
一、be（am、is、are）的基本用法:
我（I）用am，你（you）用are，is用于他（he）她（she）它（it），单数用is复数用are。否定句在be后加not,一般疑问句将be提前。回答：Yes,人称代词+ be./ No, 人称代词+be + not. 如：
1) He is Mr. Chen.  He is not Mr. Chen. 
-- Is he Mr. Chen?   -- Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.
2) I am a student.   I am not a student. 
-- Are you a student?  -- Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
3) They are teachers.  They are not teachers.
-- Are they teachers?   -- Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
练习:
用系动词be( am, is, are)的正确形式填空
1. ______ you fine?　          
2. I _________ Mr. Chen.
3. _____ he your mother?       
4. -- ______ they from Japan? -- Yes, they _______.
5. You ________ a teacher and she _____ a doctor.
6. Where _______ Jack from?    
7. I _______ fine, too. Thanks8. -- Who _______ this? -- This ________ Wang Kang.
8. -- Who _______ this? -- This ________ Wang Kang.
9. -- ____ you a student?  -- Yes, I _____.
10. -- Where _______ Beijing? -- It_______ in China.
11. -- ________ Ronaldo a Brazilian? -- Yes, he ___ .
12. “I” ______ also a letter.         
13. You and I _________ students.
14. He and she________ friends.      
15. He and I________ teachers.
二、可数名词的复数：
（1）规则变化
1）一般在名词词尾加—s 如：car---cars; apple---apples  
2）以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加---es 如：box---boxes; bus---buses; watch ---watches.　
3）以o结尾，加s potato-potatoes , tomato-tomatoes , hero-heroes
4）以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：family---families. 
5）以fe、f结尾，变fe、f为v再加es，如：life---lives. 
（2）不规则变化：
1)变元音字母
如：man→men，woman→women，Frenchman→Frenchmen，tooth→teeth，foot→feet;
2)单复数同形 如：sheep ，fish，Chinese，Japanese，deer
3)其他 如：child – children , mouse - mice
写出下列名词的复数形式
1. teacher ___   2. class __   3. name __  
4. orange____ 5. number   6. apple___  
7. bus_____     8. erase___ 9. photo_____       10.tomato___  11.country   12.friend____
13.knife_____       14.foot____       15.boy____       16.mouse____
三、a, an的用法:
a /an 都表示“一，一个”，单词以元音音素开始的，我们在前用an, 单词以辅音音素开始的，我们在前用a。
如：an apple / an interesting book;/ an English boy/ an old man.
A map/ ruler/bus/box
选择填空
1. ---What’s that?. ---It’s ______ egg.      
  A. a            B. the             C. /             D. an
2 .- ---What's that in English   ---It's ___ car. It's___ orange car. 
A. a, an       B. a, a         C. an, a        D. an, an -
3. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
  A. The; an   B. An; an     C. The; the     D. A; a
4. She is _______ English teacher. 
  A. an      B. a          C. the          D. /
四、重点句型和短语：
（1）Welcome to + 地方
（2）come from = be from  
( 3）-What’s this in English?  -- It’s an orange.
-- What’s that?  --It’s an egg.
--What are these? --They are buses.
（4）where, who, what, how old, how many ,how much等特殊疑引导的特殊疑问句：
1）-- What’s your name? /What’s her name?
    -- My/Her name is …….
2）--What class are you in? /What grade are you in?
    -- I’m in Class/Grade ……
3）-- What’s your telephone number?
     -- My telephone is ………
4）-- How do you spell cup?
     -- C-U-P, cup.
5 How old are you?
     -- I’m …. years old.
6）-- Where are you from?/ Where do you come from?
      -- I’m from ……/ I come from ……
练习：选择填空
(  )1. ---Who’s that girl? ---____ my sister.  A. This is   B. She’s  C. It’s   D. That’s
(  )2. ---Welcome to Beijing !   ---________.
   A. Welcome to Beijing, too.   B. You’re welcome.   C. Thank you.  D. Not at all.
(  )3. ---__________ are you in? 
--- Class Five.
A. What class     B. What grade        C. What color       D. What number
(  )4. He is _______ blue.   
A. to     B. from       C. under      D. in
(  )5. ----Who’s the girl over there?
      -- Which one?      ---- _______ under the tree. 
A. This        B. That      C. The one      D. Ones
(  )6.. The bag is ___________.
   A. Bruce is        B. Bruce has        C. Bruce’s          D. Bruce does
(  )7. ________, what color is the shirt? 
   A. Sorry          B. I’m sorry        C. Excuse me        D. That’s right
(  )8. ---What color is it?  ---_________ .
   A. It’s an orange    B. It’s orange      C. It’s a orange.      D. An orange
(  )9. What color ________ his pants?    
    A. has               B. does                 C is                   D. are
(  )10. He is old _______ white hair.  
    A. with    B from        C under      D in
(  )11. She looks like a doctor, ______ she is a nurse. 
   A. and            B.or       C.too         D.but
(  ) 12.-- I am afraid I don’t know.  --- _____.
A. Thank you   B. Thanks       C. Thank you anyway   D. Thanks very much.
五: 区别has/have do/does的用法：
（1）has/have表示“有”，即“某人有某物”，当主语是第三人称时,谓语动词用has,其他人称用have
（2）有实义动词的一般现在时态中主语为第三人称单数，否定句，在动词前加doesn’t, 再把动词改回原形，一般疑问句，在句首加does，再把动词改回原形,
回答用：Yes,人称代词+does./ No,人称代词+doesn’t. 如：
She has small eyes.
She doesn’t have small eyes.
-- Does she have small eyes? -- Yes, she does./ No, she doesn’
主语为除第三人称单数之外的人称，否定句，在动词前加don’t, 一般疑问句，在句首加do, 回答用：Yes,人称代词+do./ No, 人称代词+don’t. 如：
They have small eyes.
They don’t have small eyes.
-- Do they have small eyes? -- Yes, they do./ No, they don’t
根据句子意思，用am, is, are, do ,does, have, has填空。
根据句子意思，用am, is, are, do ,does, have, has填空。
1. I __________ a Chinese teacher.
2. _______ you from Canada?
3. ________ they have many friends?
4. ________ he from Hainan?
5. ---______ Jack have a good friend? ---Yes, he ______.
6. _______ he a good teacher? --- Yes, he ______.
7. He and his sister _______ in different grades.
8. ______ your mother a doctor?
9. I _____ an old friend. His name is Allan.
10. Kangkang _______ a panda. It is very cute.
11. You ________ a nice house. I like it every much.
12. Bruce Lee _______ many books.
13. Do they _______ fifteen apples?
14. Does Bruce Lee _______ many friends in China?
15. Jerry ______ a big nose.
16. He _______ a map of Hainan. He doesn’t ________ a map of China.
17. -- Does your father______ a wide mouth? -- No, he ______ not.
18. My friend, Li Ming ________ only one sister.
六、动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式
动词第三人称单数形式：动词+s/es，规则
1）一般情况以及以e结尾的动词，直接加“s”，如：make----makes; come----comes
2) 动词以o，s，ch，sh, x结尾，加“es”，
如：do---does; watch----watches; wish---wishes; miss----misses; guess----guesses
3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先把y改为i，再加es, 如:study---studies
4）特殊情况：have----has
练习：
( )1.. ---______ he American? ---Yes. He comes from America.
A. Are B. Does C. Do D. Is
( )2. ---Do you have a sister? ---___________ .
A. Yes, you do B. Yes, I do C. Yes, I am. D. Yes, you do.
( )3. Ellen __ an old book and her brothers _______ many new books.
A. has, has B. have, have C have, has D. has, have
( )4. What color _________ he like?
A.is B. do C. has D. does
( )5. _____ he have a big nose or a small one?
A. Does B. Do C. Is D. Are
( )6. I am sorry I ______ know her.
A. isn’t B. doesn’t C. don’t D. haven’t

七、名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的用法区别：

第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
物主代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
形容词性
my
our
your
your
its/his/her
their
名词性
mine
ours
yours
yours
its/his/hers
theirs
名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的汉语意思是一样的，名词性物主代词可独立使用，后面不要跟名词；但形容词性物主代词不可独立使用，后面要跟名词。如：
It is my shirt.= It is mine.
句子当中my为形容词性物主代词，mine为名词性物主代词，your, his, her, our, its, their，my等都属于形容词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词通常置于名词前，修饰限定名词，作定语；而名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”, 当主语，宾语，或表语；如：
Is this your coat? == Is this coat yours? 这是你的大衣吗？
练习：
( )1. -- Is that coat ________.? -- Yes, it’s _________ coat..
A. his, he’s B. yours, your C her, hers D. mine, your
( )2. Our books are here. ________ are over there.
A. They’re B. Their C. Theirs D. Your
( )3 She is a girl, ________name is Mary.
A. she B. his C. her D. she’s
( )4.---______ dress is it? ---It’s hers.
A. Who’s B. Whose C. What D. Which
( )5. _______ color is yellow. A. It’s B. Its C. Is it D. Yours
八、重点短语和句型：
1. Who’s your favorite film star?
2. What color is his/her hair?
3. give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb.
4. look the same /look at/ look like
5. The girl in green/The girl in a green skirt/ The one with black hair and black eyes.
6. We are in the same school, but we are in different grades.
7. -- Whose dress is this? -- It’s mine.
8. rousers, gloves, shoes, socks常以复数的形式出现, 如：
a pair of trousers，a pair of shoes ，a pair of glasses
9. What+ +主语（某人）+ look like? 长得怎么样？如：
-- What does your father look like? -- He is not very tall but very strong.
九、人称代词的主格与宾格：

第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
I
we
you
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
him
her
it
them
人称代词的主格在句子中当主语，宾格在句子作动词或介词的宾语。如：
I like it .（I为主格, it为宾格）
She likes English. （she为主语）
Do they go with us? （ they为主格, us为宾格）
十、名词所有格
名词所有格表达形式，构成在名词后加“ ‘s “，意思是“……的”。 如：my classmate’s bag; Jim’s grandfather “ ‘s “通常用于有生命的，而无生命的常用结构…of; 如：
a photo of my family一张全家福 the face of the clock 钟面 a map of China一张中国地图注意：当名词后已有s，所有格 只加“ ‘ ”如：
我父母的相片 my parents’ picture ; 同学们的单车 the students’ bikes
区别：Tom and Jim’s father 汤姆和吉姆的父亲（Tom and Jim are brothers.）
Tom’s (father ) and Jim’s father 汤姆的父亲和吉姆的父亲
十一、可数名词数量的表达
milk, chicken, bread , coke, coffee, rice, orange juice, fish, water, beef, 等是不可数名词。不可数名词通常没有复数形式。不可数名词通常不能直接与具体的数词连用，如需要表示数量，应：数词+量词of+ 不可数名词，如：
a cup of tea 一杯茶； three pieces of bread 三块面包；ten bottles of apple juice十瓶橙汁；
练习：
1、六瓶牛奶 _________________ 2、两箱子苹果_________________
3、三公斤苹果_____________ 4、九块面包_________________
5、四瓶橘汁_______________ 6、五杯茶_________________
7、三袋盐_______________ 8、六碗米饭_________________
十二、提建议的六种说法：
1. Why not do ……? 为什么不？
2. Why don’t you do ……? 你为什么不？
3. What about doing …..? …..怎么样？
4. How about doing …..? ……如何？
5. Would you like to do …..? 愿意/想……？
6. Let’s do ……! 让我们干……！
如果同意，则回答：Yes, I’d like to/Good idea./OK/All right.
如不同意，则回答：No, let’s…./No, thanks
练习：
( )1. ---Thank you very much.--_________
A. Welcome! B. You are welcome C. Sure D. Of course
( )2. My friend Billy lives _______ China.
A. with B. from C. under D. in
( )3. ______ he like the English corner?
A. Does B. Do C. Is D. Are
( )4.Do you always speak English ____ the English corner?
A. in B. on C. with D. at
( )5 ---May I know your fax number? ---__________.
A. Yes B. Sure C. Yes, I do D. No, I am not.
( )6. Does Bobby want ________ home?
A. go B. goes C. to go D. going
( )7. Please call _______ Mike.
A. his B. he C him D. her
( )8 Books are helpful _____ us.
A. from B. on C. in D. to
( )9. I have a pet, ______ name is Polly.
A. it’s B. it C. its D. my
( )10. -- Whose pants are they? ---__________.
A. They are here B. They are green C. They are their D. They are theirs
( )11. ---_______? ---He’s a doctor.
A . What is his name B. What does he look like
C. What does he do D. What does he like
( )12. My aunt Lisa is _____ office worker.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
( )13. Michael works _______ a farm. His sister works ____ an office.
A. in, in B. on, on C. in, on D. on, in
( )14.________ he study? --- In a middle school
A. Where is B. What does C. Where do D. Where does
( )15 ---Come in and make yourselves at home. ---__________.
A. Yes B. Sure C. Good D. Thanks
( )16.Linda’s aunt and uncle _______ workers.
A. are all B. are both C. both are D. is both
( )17. ---__________? In a factory.
A. W h ere does he work B. Where is he from
C. What does he do D. What does he like
( )18.Lisa’s cat _________ her hat.
A. looks like B. looks after C. looks the same D. looks at
( )19. Those are my______ clothes
A. children’ B. children’s C. parents’s D. parents
( )20.I am an_________ boy.
A. .Chinese B. Japanese C. American D. Brazilian
( )21. ---__________? ---Yes, please.
A. What would you like B. What does he look like
C. Would you like some apple juice D. What does he like
( )22. I’d like ___________
A. a apple B. a bread C. a bottle of water D. two cup of tea
( )23. What would you like ________?
A .something to eat B. eat C. drink D. to drink
( )24.I have _________ in the morning.
A. breakfast B. lunch C. supper D. dinner
( )25 Would you like _____milk?
A. a B. an C. some D. many
( )26.---Do you have________ books on Chinese food? ---Yes, I have______.
A. some, any B. any, some C. some, some D. any, any
( )27. They have ____________.
A. many tea B. much oranges C. much burgers D. much bread( )
28.---____________? ---Very good. I like it very much.
A. What do you like it B. How do you think of it?
C. What do you think of it D. May I help you
( )29. Do you want ________ an apple?
A. eat B. to drink C. to have D. to like
( )30.--- ___________? ---Good idea.
A. Do you like to eat some beef B. Why not have some rice
C. What do you want to have D. May I take your order
1.Do you like these ___________(kind) of shoes?
2.Would you like to have dinner with ________(we)?
3.Help ____________（you） to some fish, children.
4.I’d like three ___________(cup) of tea.
5.There __________(be) some water in the bottle.
6.Is he a driver or a ___________(cook)?
7.Please give he) some orange juice.
8.Some ______________(America) live in Hainan now.
9.He ___________(teach) in a school
10._______ (we) friend is a cook.
11.Please look at ___________(Ann) family tree.
12.Is your son a ___________(work)?
13.Are there five ____________(child) in your family?
14They are all _______________( office worker).
15.My cousin Susan __________(study) in a new school.
16.Who __________(look) after Rose?
17.He ___________(live) in China.
18.My friend helps _________(I )with my English.
19.My classmate Zhou Lan __________(have ) a dog.
20.Do you ________ (want) to go to Beijing?
21.Does Billy __________(have) any friends in Haikou?
22.Mr Liang is our English teacher, we like ________(he) very much.
23.________(them) are in the same grade.
24.Thank _______(your) very much.
十三、How much 与How many
1、how much + ……？对价格提问“….多少钱？”，此外，how much +不可数名词+ ….？对数