2019年北京市中考英语试卷(含解析).doc

(完整版)2019年北京市中考英语试卷(含解析)2019年北京市中考英语试卷副标题题号IIIIIIIVV总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26。0分）AExperiencing China Mike， CanadaI spent three months with my host family（接待家庭） in China It was a lifetime experience I was able to experience Chinese living and culture,from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital Now I have a better understanding of Chinese cultureJoanna， AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted With her help，my Chinese has improved a lot And I have got used to a new culture My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with herBill， AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes They are tasty and I like them very much Just like me，my host parents love to learn about different cultures They often ask me questions about life in AmericaCindy， GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese I lived with a host family in China for six months My host sister is a really hardworking student It was amazing to see how she made progress in English And a close relationship has developed between us1. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？ _ A。 MikeB。 JoannaC. BillD. Cindy2. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？ _ A。 Three monthsB。 Four monthsC. Five monthsD. Six months3. Cindy thinks her host sister is _ A. a wonderful cookB。 a responsible doctorC. a warmhearted teacherD。 a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else This spring she thought of building a gokart to enter for the Go-Go Race So she asked her dad for help Well, he said How about this： you do some research first and then come back to me with a design A week later， Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad She named her gokart Blue Lightning Dad looked over her work， thinking ”Well， thats interesting，” he said ”Have a try Just build Blue Lightning as youve designed” Over three weekends of hard work， Sally turned her design into a real， working go-kart and painted it light blue Dad asked her to take it for a test drive Sally agreed After she did that， Sally drove back to Dad ”Well，” she said Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive ”Oh， do you？ he said Please share” ”When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback, she said ”I think its because of the lightning bolt (闪电） shape” ”Very good! Dad said So， why didnt you tell me about that problem in the first place？” Sally asked Dad laughed ”Wheres the fun in that？ If you give a man a fish， hell eat for a day But if you teach a man to fish， hell eat for a lifetime” Sally said， I see Anyway， designing is half the fun ! Dad smiled Good Sometimes， learning happens during the process We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder When she showed Dad her new gokart， he nodded with pride Finally came the race Sally wasnt worried about whether she would win-in her mind, she had already won， by building something better than ever before4. Sally thought of building a go-kart to _ A. practice drivingB。 enter for a raceC。 play with friendsD。 do some research5. What did Sallys dad ask her to do after she built the gokart？ _ A. To have a test driveB。 To take a good restC. To give it a cool nameD. To paint it light blue6. Sallys story mainly tells us that _ A。 winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC。 driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying Perhaps it doesnt need to feel this way Our experience of time can be possibly changed By understanding the psychological （心理学的） processes behind our different experiences of time， we might be able to slow down time a little One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when were exposed（接触） to new environments and experiences The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass It follows, then， that we have different experiences of time in different situations In some situations， our life is full of new experiences Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down In other situations， we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar（熟悉的） We become insensitive to our experience， which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up How can we slow down time？ Here are two suggestions Firstly， since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster， we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible We can give ourselves new challenges， meet new people， and expose our minds to new information， hobbies and skills This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加） our experience of time Secondly， and perhaps most effectively， we can give our whole attention to an experienceto what we are seeing， feeling， tasting， smelling or hearing This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts For example, on the way home， focus your attention outside of yourself， instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with Look at the sky， or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a timeexpanding effect To a certain degree， we can understand and control our experience of time passing Its possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time7. According to the writer， we can expand our experience of time by _ A。 going to bed on timeB。 traveling to new placesC. having dinner as usualD。 printing the same materials8. What can we learn from the passage？ _ A。 Being familiar with the world around helps us get more informationB。 Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quicklyC。 We can take in more information by living through our sensesD. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us9. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ _ A。 Slow Down TimeB. Only Time Will TellC. Race Against TimeD。 Time Will Not Come TwiceD How Much Can We Afford to Forget？In 2018， Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities As the Internet grows more powerful， students can access （获得) knowledge easily Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads? Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary In the Agricultural（农业的）Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget Nowadays， smart machines give us access to most human knowledge It seems that we no longer need to remember most things Does it matter？ Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen For one,human beings have biases（偏见)，and smart machines are likely to increase our biases Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective,but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring processIn the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people， or go to the library We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books， and what lies in our heads But today， the Internet gives us the information we need quickly This can lead to the mistaken beliefthe knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence， we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon， such as food and energy， would produce terrible results Without food we get hungry； without energy we feel coldAnd it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skillsAs long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks， and can be found when we need them, perhaps theyre not really forgotten Still， as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people10. Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases? _ A。 Because they go off course in testing and scoringB。 Because we control the training process on them,C. Because we offer them too much informationD. Because they overuse the provided answers11. The ease of accessing information from the Internet _ A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB。 prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD。 separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines12. The word ”collapse in Paragraph 5 probably means” _ ”A。 a sudden failureB。 the basic ruleC. a disappointing startD。 the gradual development13. What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage？ _ A。 To question about the standards of information storageB. To discuss our problems of communication with machinesC。 To stress the importance of improving our memorizing abilityD. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember二、完形填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）Run for Class President Two months ago, when our class election(选举） started， I decided to run for class president I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people， so I felt it easy to win But I was (14）that people would feel bad for me if I lost I was busy preparing in the following week My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt (15) but to show my class why I wanted to be president I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem Since I was (16)prepared， I felt that my chances of winning were strong However， when I gave my speech on Election Day， the response （反应） wasnt what I had (17) Few people actually listened When it was my opponents （对手的）turn， everyone was screaming his name His speech was short, but all to the point By then， I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer It was obvious who would （18) For the rest of the day， I felt like it was over I wanted to just go home and cry， but I made it through My（19) was right: I didnt win The next day， people were still talking about the election I just pretended （假装） not to hear But later， things got better People（20)about the election and talked to me just as they did before I dont regret putting time and energy into the election because Ive learned that things arent always going the way I expect And moments of failure like this build （21) since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger14. A. boredB。 afraidC. excitedD. hopeful15. A。 compareB. rememberC. manageD。 repeat16. A。 fullyB。 quicklyC. freshlyD. physically17. A. fearedB. facedC. mentionedD。 pictured18. A. insistB. returnC. waitD。 win19. A。 suggestionB. predictionC. directionD。 introduction20. A。 forgotB。 wroteC。 caredD. discussed21. A. trustB。 prideC. characterD. support三、单选题（本大题共12小题，共6。0分)22. MrWangiscomingtoourschoolIcantwaittosee()A。 herB. himC。 itD。 them23. Weplantedsomeflowersthegardenyesterday（）A. onB. toC。 inD. of24. -Excuseme，isthisTshirt?Its88yuan（）A. howmuchB。 howmanyC。 howlongD。 howold25. -Lily，_youfinishtheletterintenminutes？Yes，Ican（）A. mustB. shouldC. needD。 can26. Thiscapisnice，itdoesntlookgoodonme(）A. forB。 soC. butD。 or27. JulietakesgoodcareofthefamilydogSheisthanherbrother（）A。 patientB。 morepatientC。 mostpatientD. themostpatient28. Samwithhisfriendseveryweekend()A. skatesB. isskatingC。 hasskatedD. wasskating29. Tom，whatsyourdaddoing？Hemybike(）A。 repairsB。 willrepairC。 hasrepairedD。 isrepairing30. Ourschoollifealotsince2017Wehavemoreactivitiesnow（）A. changesB。 changedC。 willchangeD. haschanged31. IfyouwanttovisitthePalaceMuseum，Iticketsforyoutomorrow()A。 willbookB. bookedC。 havebookedD。 wasbooking32. MyadviceonhowtosavepaperbymyclasslastMonday（）A. acceptsB. acceptedC. wasacceptedD. isaccepted33. Didyounoticeinheroffice？-YesShewasgoingoverourwriting（）A. whatwasMissLindoingB. whatMissLinwasdoingC。 whatdoesMissLindoD. whatMissLindoes四、任务型阅读简答(本大题共1小题，共10。0分）34. Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than Expected Ice covers much of the Arctic Ocean(北冰洋)Some pieces of ice are huge， like moving islands As temperatures have increased， however， some of the ice has begun to disappear Scientists have discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters The waves were discovered by accident in May， 2010Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip They wanted to study the icy waters On May 2， the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of icearound 50 miles from the small island of HopenMarchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice ”We were ready to go but when I went out， I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around，” he remembers He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe The farther in they went， he thought， the harder the ice would become As they pushed forward，however， the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger onesSoon， the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces Within an hour， Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high The ships navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest wavesThey were more than 20 feet in height The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down， breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour Scientists had never imagined that the process could ha