富瀚私立幼儿园筹建项目开办计划方案.doc

目 录一、项目简介2二、项目市场评估及前景预测2三、目标顾客及市场占有率3四、市场营销计划及风险评估4五、前景规划6六、人员组织结构8七、赢利目标预算9八、开业成本及财务评估14九、合作双方责任义务14十、实操运营方案内容15一、 项目简介1、幼儿园命名：富瀚幼乐园（LOGO）2、幼儿园选址：位于天津武清区下朱庄碧溪春园25号，3、占地面积 ：（400 ） 4、项目性质：私立幼儿园5、主要经营范围：（1）学龄前儿童看护；（2）学前教育；（3）特殊班（英语班或者艺术班）；（3）特长培训（英语、舞蹈、美术、钢琴、唱歌、书法等选修班）；（4）早教培训（业余班）；（5）准妈妈培训班（业余班）6、幼儿园文化：7、幼儿园定位：一年后成为华明镇示范幼儿园，35年内成为天津市东丽区知名幼儿园，610年内成为天津市知名幼儿园，并设立分园。设立连锁加盟机构。二、 项目市场评估及前景预测 目前，80后已逐步成为家长一族，这一群体重视学前教育、消费理念超前，对孩子的教育更注重幼儿园的专业性、规范性，相信品牌的力量。项目地处东丽区经济发展较快的华明镇。华明镇，地处市中心区和“天津滨海新区”之间，总面积150.6平方公里，约占东丽区的三分之一。全镇辖15个自然村，常住人口5万余人。华明镇地理位置优越，交通便捷畅达，周边环境良好本幼儿园项目选址在*小区。该小区共分春、夏、秋、卓、雅五个小区，可入住约6048户居民，未来将开设三个幼儿园。小区附近另有一静湖花园小区，可入住1260户居民。三、 目标顾客及市场占有率得益于华明镇幼儿园选址交通便利的地理优势，幼儿园的目标客户可地位为区域内几个小区的学龄前儿童。通过每周末的兴趣班推广、早早教育、孕妇班培训，逐步提高知名度，为培养客户群体做铺垫。幼儿园主要招收3-6岁学龄前儿童（3岁以下幼儿的语言、行动、自理能力方面稍差，看护要求较高，暂不作为招收重点，但可考虑开设业余托幼早早教班）。幼儿园的生源主要来自以下三部分：1、 幼儿园小区及附近本地中产阶级家庭。根据调查，华明镇高端幼儿园收费高达数千元，公立幼儿园虽然收费（400-600元）较低，但园内孩子的吃、睡、教都普遍水平较低，尤其是在早教方面较为落后，让孩子在起跑线上就输给了同龄人。2、华明镇对幼儿园师资要求较高的家长。望子成龙、望女成凤是每一位父母心目中的愿望。但由综合来看华明镇教育质量好的幼儿园收费普遍较高，而公立幼儿园不能满足这部分家长的需要。本幼儿园将以专业学前教育为最大特色，同时会在幼儿的安全、营养、个性服务等方面下功夫。目前，在附近有（）座小学，内有学前班（）个；公立幼儿园（）所，收费约在300-500元之间，还有（2）所个人的托儿所，收费200-300元均没有证照，卫生条件和教学质量均不太好；本幼儿园若要立足，从服务项目、安全、卫生、园区文化和规范教学上要全面优于现有园所，5年内占有本地区20%30%的学龄前儿童份额。四、 市场营销计划及风险评估要开办好这个幼儿园，就要办出自己的特色，且开办各种服务项目，区别于其他幼儿园。同时，要利用好天时、地利、人和。 1. 服务项目及价格 为了满足不同家长的需要，幼儿园开设日托班、整托班、延时服务、珠心算特长班、书画特长班、钢琴班、声乐班、舞蹈班等。为了便于比较，我将我的服务项目的内容、收费价格及同竞争对手的价格用表格做一比较。见附表1服务项目2. 选址除了在服务项目上多样化，同时，选址很关键。地点显眼，周围环境安全也是吸引家长的一个重要因素。我开办的幼儿园地处公路旁边，小区门口，紧邻几个小区，区内环境绿化好，物业管理规范，安全可靠，不会影响附近居民生活，采用全封闭管理，家长和非工作人员不得入内，身份验证方可接送。3. 入学条件打造高档校园，对学生和老师的高标准，营造优雅的幼儿园文化很重要，所以，对学生的入学提出了要求。 (1) (2)在街区显眼处常年悬挂招生广告，印发名片；(3)与当地妇联搞好团结，争取支持，可以有效的增加幼儿园信誉度；(4)利用六一儿童节、元旦等节日免费为幼儿发放印有幼儿园名字的背心、小奖品等等。采用以上的促销手段，投资不大，但对吸引家长、扩大知名度很有效果。(5)到一些大的商场或者比较有影响力的企业社区带小朋友表演，这样可以加大宣传力度。(6)举办游园活动(7)各种比赛活动(8)网站宣传4. 规范教学取得办园许可证，园幼双方都会得到保护，也会取得家长的信任。5. 经营风险及规避不论从事什么样的生意，都会存在经营风险。这种风险不仅来自与竞争对手和景气变动，还来自于经营本身。幼儿园本身的服务对象就是幼儿，这类人群是无行为能力的特殊人群，需要无微不至的照顾和看护。对于幼儿园最重要的是卫生条件、意外事故防范和疾病的防治。如果这三个工作做不到，即使老师教的再好，信誉度也会遭受质疑，极容易将幼儿园至于死地。反之，这三个工作做到家，就能获得家长的信任，幼儿园也就成功了一半。由于家长的嘉许、推广，入托的儿童会逐渐增加。来自竞争对手的风险，如能在价格、办园特色、教学质量上下功夫，应会好于竞争对手。关键还是加强幼儿园自身的管理。五、 前景规划1. 装修和园区文化学习国外幼儿园，如装修方面，可以采用大气的喷绘，凸显高档，室内设计和设施采用安全和新颖的，从细节着手，塑造园区文化。2. 管理学习日本全封闭的管理，各部门的紧密联系，职责分明。一年内形成自己的完善的管理模式。（1）职员管理，各职位的责任义务明确，赏罚分明，制定岗位管理制度；（2）教学管理，按照示范幼儿园的要求，重点在培训学生良好的学习习惯、生活习惯、思维模式、生活态度和寻找个人特长爱好。（3）学生管理，建立学生档案，各学期体检，并详细记录每个学生的档案，每个班老师与老师建立的互动群等，实现家校合一的沟通畅通。（4）安全管理，全封闭，严格确认接送孩子的人身份，跟踪回访。3. 蒙氏教育的教学玛丽亚蒙台梭利（Maria Montessori 18701952）被称为20世纪最杰出的幼儿教育家。1896年她成为意大利第一位女医学博士。她的第一份工作是在精神病治疗所，后来成了智力障碍儿童学校的校长。1904年，她成了一位人类学教授；1907年在罗马贫民区建立一所全日制幼儿园“儿童之家”。1909年蒙台梭利根据对“儿童之家”经验的总结，写出蒙台梭利方法一书。此书风靡一时，被译成二十多种文字在世界广为流传。蒙台梭利认为，“环境无疑在生命的现象中是第二位的因素，它能改变，包括助长和抑制，但它从来不能创造。”环境对人的智力、心理发展是举足轻重的，绝不能忽视。注重感官教育，读、写、算的练习，实际生活练习。幼儿园在6月份开张，在开办前3个月，有可能出现亏损，随着幼儿园经验逐渐丰富，信誉越来越好，家长也逐渐认可，幼儿园会很快转亏为盈的。25年内，幼儿园趋于成熟，随着孩子的增加，可扩办幼儿园，也可在其他村庄开办分园或开办连锁园，还可以增加特长培训项目等等。六、 人员组织架构（一）人员配备园长：1人主任：2人（教研主任和保育主任）财务：1人老师：执教老师6名，保育老师6名营养师：2名（负责早、中餐及其下午水果的安排）保安：2名医务人员：1名附表2人员组织架构表园长（）教研主任财务保育主任保育组长后勤组长执教组长舞蹈班执教老师执教老师美术班特长班组长保安保洁员英语班医生厨师声乐班保育老师园长助理七、 赢利目标预算 （一）幼儿园亏损的原因或幼儿园赢利不多的原因分析：1、 工资过高2、 房租（折旧）过高3、 经费过高4、 生源过少5、 收费太低6、 环境不好7、 教师素质不高8、 团队不团结（二）对幼儿园定位按教育认知规律，把幼儿园定位为标准化，要完成如下三个任务：1、 确定幼儿园收费标准：用三大成本的边际成本计算法2、 确定五觉教育环境标准：教育环境按标准设置3、 训练成团队标准：团队培训（三）确定幼儿园收费标准（1）成本倒推法，确定幼儿园的价格定位法1、 生均标准工资成本幼儿园成本一般由工资、房租（或折旧）、办学经费三部分组成标准老师工资是：1个老师的工资10个（教育局标准7人）学生分摊如老师的工资是每月2000元每位学生每月的工资成本为2000元10个学生=200元/生/学期可以想象低于900元/学期收费的幼儿园必须是公办园，房屋是免租金，办学经费是财政拨款的。2、 生均房租成本标准房租：一个学生分摊7平方建筑面积（教育局标准7平方）按2011年二线城市办公用房平均房租价10元/平方/月每位学生每月的房租（折旧）成本为7平方10元/平方/月=70元/生每位学生每学期房租（折旧）成本为：70元/生6个月=420元3、 生均办学经费成本标准经费（包括公务费、教学设备购置费、修缮费、业务费）一个学生分摊的标准经费约为工资和房租的一半每生每月的经费成本为：（200元+70元）2=135元/生/月每生每学期的经费成本为：135元/生/月6=810元一般幼儿园的成本是三项成本各占三分之一附：幼儿园成本指标表三项成本合计每位学生每月的成本为月生均成本：200元/生/月+70元/生/月+135元/生/=405元/生/月每位学生每月的成本为学期月生均成本：900元/生/月+420元+810元/生/月=2130元/生/学期分析：幼儿园月边际成本：按月收费的幼儿园，低于405元收费的幼儿园是亏损园或五觉环境不标准的园幼儿园学期边际成本：按学期收费的幼儿园，低于2130元收费的幼儿园是亏损或五觉环境不标准的园注：随各地老师工资和房租水平的不同，这两个指标会随之变化。个性化问题一：当实行小班制时，一个老师的成本没有10个学生，成本还会上升，如何破解边际成本？个性化问题二：当生源不足时，一个学生平均建筑面积会上升，成本也跟着上升，如何破解边际成本？（三）完成五觉教育环境标准的教职工培训和装修预算1、 计算本园学期边际成本和盈利状况：过去每学期平均成本幼儿园现有学生人数=本幼儿园每生的边际成本收费标准每生边际成本0，幼儿园盈利收费标准每生边际成本0，幼儿园亏损2、 按赢利目标：对幼儿收费定价，提供四级幼儿园品质定位一级标准园：实现标准VI、环境、教学、团队四标准园（30万元升级获得园长、全国）培训，标准环境、标准课程、标准团队训练一套。）二级标准园：实现标准VI、环境、团队三标准园（10万元升级获得园长、全国）培训，标准环境、标准课程、标准团队训练一套。）二级标准园：实现标准VI、团队二标准园（5万元升级获得园长、全国培训，标准团队训练一套。）四级园；实现标准VI（1万元升级，获得园长培训）（四）完成赢利目标预算（结果导向管理法）幼儿园标准化指标及赢利目标预算表：责任人项目责任内容标准指标达标奖励未达标处罚每生成本单位责任人指标企业发展企业年发展速度（年终奖标准）增加20%（或学生总数或总收入）每增10%奖励1000元每下降1%扣款100元员工收入增幅上升10%（以基本工资基数）员工学期奖的2倍每少增1%扣款10元工作责任按时上报计划书、总结、库存、报表及临时任务周一月25日学期最后一周预算、总结对未迟报过的、年终奖100元/年每迟一天扣10元八大楷模习惯形成工作习惯到期续聘到期解聘，每少一项扣10元/月工作业绩VIP家长培养和补充新生源每位老师4名每招一名50元或100元每少一名扣50元或100元稳定老生80%定位率100%返园率员工平均奖的2倍奖岗位奖领取返园率的百分比幼儿园教职工与学生比1:10（司机除外）每少一名，每月奖100元每多一名，每月扣10元接送车与学生比1:60（面包30）每少一部车，每月奖100元接送生每月一名，每月扣10元成本控制与生均费用成本年递减率（年终奖标准）20%每减1%奖100元/年每增1%扣款10元水电、燃料、电话等办公费每生20元/月每减10%奖10元/月每增10%扣款10元120元/学期教学用配套物品环境创设（每生5元/月）每生10元/月每减10%奖10元/年每增加10%扣款10元60元/学期电器设备和维修费（固定资产）每生20元/月每减10%奖10元/月每增加10%扣款10元120元/学期教职工工资/奖金（教师平均工资2000元/月）每生200元/月（按师生比1:10）每减10%奖10月/月每增加10%扣款10元1000元/学期固定成本指标生均固定成本优势奖（平均每月100元）每生10元/月新生50元/元/月无60元/学期房租或折旧，及设备折旧（10元/平方）每生100元/月（每生10平方）每少10人生均增加10元成本600元/学期其它费用（年审、接待费等）每生10元/月主要是控制餐费、红包严格审批制度60元/学期教材费每生10元/月可考虑取消传统教材60元/学期标准定价幼儿园定价每生405元/月学期定价高于2430元盈利学期定价低于2430元亏损2430元/学期目标利润设为12万/期设100人的园，每学期增加12万100=1200元/期/生目标定价405+12006=605元学期定价等于3630元达盈利目标学期定价低于3630元不达标目标定价2430+1200=2630 总价：达成赢利目标计算的关键是：第一步：先算出每生月或学期边际成本第二步：设定升级后要增加的利润，算出每生月或学期需要的学费第三步：确定新的价格定位第四步：确保原有学生人数或计划招生人数不变，目标利润即可达成备注：我方幼儿园预计收费表另见附表3（另拟）八、 开业成本及财务评估1、保证金（5万）2、装修费：（10万）3、厨房用品（1万）4、宣传费（1万）5、招聘费（1万）6、教职工宿舍租金（1万）7、流动资金（5万）8、幼儿园证件办理（1万）合计约 27万九、合作双方权责义务（起草合作合同内容）（一）硬件设施:1、教学设施：（甲方）电脑、投影仪、桌椅、黑板、电视、户外玩具、钢琴、户外装修。（乙方） 壁画、室内装修、蒙具、VCD等教材2、生活设施：（乙方）洗衣机、吹风机、碗筷等全套设施3、（乙方）教师招聘、工资4、（乙方）幼儿园执照等相关证件（三）合约期（10年以上）十、实操运营方案内容（一）规范收费, 附表3（另拟）（二）薪资待遇另外见薪资待遇标准表，附表4职工薪资表（三）管理机制1、幼儿园职员职能（另拟文件一）2、激励机制（另拟文件二）3、管理章程（另拟文件三）（四）教学规划1、幼儿园目标：全能素质教育，培育德、智、体、美全面发展，身心健康，同时找到并培养孩子的特长，做孩子的良师家长的益友，让孩子快乐的学习和成长。2、幼儿园特色：设置课程：蒙式教育、双语教学、特长选修班（外聘或内聘专业特长老师授选修课程）、特殊班（美术、舞蹈、声乐、国学强化培训全日制特长班）活动：月末特长展演，评出月末小明星（家长等相关人员可出席）3、亲子班、准妈妈班（业余班）请删除以下内容，O(_)O谢谢！The origin of taxation in the United States can be traced to the time when the colonists were heavily taxed by Great Britain on everything from tea to legal and business documents that were required by the Stamp Tax. The colonists disdain for this taxation without representation (so-called because the colonies had no voice in the establishment of the taxes) gave rise to revolts such as the Boston Tea Party. However, even after the Revolutionary War and the adoption of the U.S. Constitution, the main source of revenue for the newly created states was money received from customs and excise taxes on items such as carriages, sugar, whiskey, and snuff. Income tax first appeared in the United States in 1862, during the Civil War. At that time only about one percent of the population was required to pay the tax. A flat-rate income tax was imposed in 1867. The income tax was repealed in its entirety in 1872. Income tax was a rallying point for the Populist party in 1892, and had enough support two years later that Congress passed the Income Tax Act of 1894. The tax at that time was two percent on individual incomes in excess of $4,000, which meant that it reached only the wealthiest members of the population. The Supreme Court struck down the tax, holding that it violated the constitutional requirement that direct taxes be apportioned among the states by population (pollock v. farmers loan & trust, 158 U.S. 601, 15 S. Ct. 912, 39 L. Ed. 1108 1895). After many years of debate and compromise, the sixteenth amendment to the Constitution was ratified in 1913, providing Congress with the power to lay and collect taxes on income without apportionment among the states. The objectives of the income tax were the equitable distribution of the tax burden and the raising of revenue. Since 1913 the U.S. income tax system has become very complex. In 1913 the income tax laws were contained in eighteen pages of legislation; the explanation of the tax reform act of 1986 was more than thirteen hundred pages long (Pub. L. 99-514, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2085). Commerce Clearing House, a publisher of tax information, released a version of the Internal Revenue Code in the early 1990s that was four times thicker than its version in 1953. Changes to the tax laws often reflect the times. The flat tax of 1913 was later replaced with a graduated tax. After the United States entered world war i, the War Revenue Act of 1917 imposed a maximum tax rate for individuals of 67 percent, compared with a rate of 13 percent in 1916. In 1924 Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon, speaking to Congress about the high level of taxation, stated, The present system is a failure. It was an emergency measure, adopted under the pressure of war necessity and not to be counted upon as a permanent part of our revenue structure. The high rates put pressure on taxpayers to reduce their taxable income, tend to destroy individual initiative and enterprise, and seriously impede the development of productive business. Ways will always be found to avoid taxes so destructive in their nature, and the only way to save the situation is to put the taxes on a reasonable basis that will permit business to go on and industry to develop. Consequently, the Revenue Act of 1924 reduced the maximum individual tax rate to 43 percent (Revenue Acts, June 2, 1924, ch. 234, 43 Stat. 253). In 1926 the rate was further reduced to 25 percent. The Revenue Act of 1932 was the first tax law passed during the Great Depression (Revenue Acts, June 6, 1932, ch. 209, 47 Stat. 169). It increased the individual maximum rate from 25 to 63 percent, and reduced personal exemptions from $1,500 to $1,000 for single persons, and from $3,500 to $2,500 for married couples. The national industrial recovery act of 1933 (NIRA), part of President franklin d. roosevelts new deal, imposed a five percent excise tax on dividend receipts, imposed a capital stock tax and an excess profits tax, and suspended all deductions for losses (June 16, 1933, ch. 90, 48 Stat. 195). The repeal in 1933 of the eighteenth amendment, which had prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcohol, brought in an estimated $90 million in new liquor taxes in 1934. The social security act of 1935 provided for a wage tax, half to be paid by the employee and half by the employer, to establish a federal retirement fund (Old Age Pension Act, Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620). The Wealth Tax Act, also known as the Revenue Act of 1935, increased the maximum tax rate to 79 percent, the Revenue Acts of 1940 and 1941 increased it to 81 percent, the Revenue Act of 1942 raised it to 88 percent, and the Individual Income Tax Act of 1944 raised the individual maximum rate to 94 percent. The post-World War II Revenue Act of 1945 reduced the individual maximum tax from 94 percent to 91 percent. The Revenue Act of 1950, during the korean war, reduced it to 84.4 percent, but it was raised the next year to 92 percent (Revenue Act of 1950, Sept. 23, 1950, ch. 994, Stat. 906). It remained at this level until 1964, when it was reduced to 70 percent. The Revenue Act of 1954 revised the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, making major changes that were beneficial to the taxpayer, including providing for child care deductions (later changed to credits), an increase in the charitable contribution limit, a tax credit against taxable retirement income, employee deductions for business expenses, and liberalized depreciation deductions. From 1954 to 1962, the Internal Revenue Code was amended by 183 separate acts. In 1974 the employee retirement income security act (ERISA) created protections for employees whose employers promised specified pensions or other retirement contributions (Pub. L. No. 93-406, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 829). ERISA required that to be tax deductible, the employers plan contribution must meet certain minimum standards as to employee participation and vesting and employer funding. ERISA also approved the use of individual retirement accounts (IRAs) to encourage tax-deferred retirement savings by individuals. The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (ERTA) provided the largest tax cut up to that time, reducing the maximum individual rate from 70 percent to 50 percent (Pub. L. No. 97-34, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 172). The most sweeping tax changes since world war ii were enacted in the Tax Reform Act of 1986. This bill was signed into law by President ronald reagan and was designed to equalize the tax treatment of various assets, eliminate tax shelters, and lower marginal rates. Conservatives wanted the act to provide a single, low tax rate that could be applied to everyone. Although this single, flat rate was not included in the final bill, tax rates were reduced to 15 percent on the first $17,850 of income for singles and $29,750 for married couples, and set at 28 to 33 percent on remaining income. Many deductions were repealed, such as a deduction available to two-income married couples that had been used to avoid the marriage penalty (a greater tax liability incurred when two persons filed their income tax return as a married couple rather than as individuals). Although the personal exemption exclusion was increased, an exemption for elderly and blind persons who itemize deductions was repealed. In addition, a special capital gains rate was repealed, as was an investment tax credit that had been introduced in 1962 by President john f. kennedy. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993, the first budget and tax act enacted during the Clinton administration, was vigorously debated, and passed with only the minimum number of necessary votes. This law provided for income tax rates of 15, 28, 31, 36, and 39.6 percent on varying levels of income and for the taxation of social security income if the taxpayer receives other income over a certain level. In 2001 Congress enacted a major income tax cut at the urging of President george w. bush. Over the course of 11 years the law reduces marginal income tax rates across all levels of income. The 36 percent rate will be lowered to 33 percent,