新概念第三册课文精读详解1..doc

新概念第三册课文精读详解
Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮
一、【Text】课文
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of 'cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语
◆puma n. 美洲狮
◆spot v. 看出,发现
◆evidence n. 证据
◆accum ulate v. 积累,积聚
◆oblige v. 使…感到必须
◆hunt n. 追猎;寻找
◆blackberry n. 黑莓
◆human being 人类
◆corner v. 使走投无路,使陷入困境
◆trail n. 一串,一系列
◆print n. 印痕
◆cling (clung, clung v. 粘
◆convince v.使…信服
◆som ehow adv. 不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
◆disturb v. 令人不安
学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的,要把单词放在语句中体会其应用
学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在段落结构或文章里
★spot v. 看出,发现
pick out / see / recognize / catch sight of
eg: A tall man is easy to spot in the crowd.
He has good eye for spotting mistakes. 他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。spot(做动词时候 = see:强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。
find 强调发现的结果。
find out 查出事实真相。
discover 做出重大发现
notice 注意到
observe 观察
watch 观察活动中的人或画面
spot n. 斑点
eg: There is a white spot on the shirt.
on the spot
1,立刻,马上(at once, immediately
Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot. 2,at the place of the action 在现场
Wherever she is needed , she is quickly on the spot.
★evidence [u]n. 证据
When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the evidence. evidence=proof
in evidence:显而易见的.
He was in evidence at the party.
evidently adv.
evident adj.
★accum ulate vt,vi. 积累,积聚
accumulate 强调积累的过程
As the evidence accumulates, experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate. gather vt. 聚集,把某人召集在某处
collect 收集,采集
assem ble 集合,集会,vt. 装配
hoard 大量地贮存
The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter.
hoard up= store up
am ass 积聚(主要用于诗歌和文学作品
★oblige v. 使…感到必须
feel obliged to do sth.感觉有必要做某事
be obliged to do sth 被迫做某事
★hunt n. 追猎;寻找
run after 强调追赶、追求.
seek 追寻(梦想,理想= pursue
chase 追赶.
hunt for
search 搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物
★corner v. 使走投无路,使陷入困境
corner n. 角落
at the corner of the street
in the corner of the room
on the corner of the desk
be cornered ………被逼得走投无路
常用于被动语态
The thief was cornered at last.
The problem cornered me.这个问题把我难例了。
★trail n. 一串,一系列
trail==follow vt. 跟踪
eg: The police trailed the criminal to the place where he was hiding.
★cling (clung, clung v. 粘
eg: She is always clinging to her mother.
He clung to the hope that he would succeed.(抱有,怀有
stick 粘住stick to 坚持sticky adj. 粘的
★convince vt. 使…信服
convince sb. of sth 使sb相信sth
和宾语从句that 搭配使用
没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构:be convinced
sb be convicned sb相信
★som ehow adv. 不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
by som e m eans, in som e way, for som e reason u nknown
som ewhat ==a little
★disturb v. 令人不安
disturbing adj 令人不安的disturbed 感到不安的
surprising 令人吃惊的surprised 感到吃惊的
exciting 令人激动的excited 感到激动的
三、【课文精析】
at large
1:逃遁的,没有被控制的。
2:详细的(in detail
3:总体来讲(as a whole
Key sentence:
Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia.
life-like:栩栩如生的
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面,但为了保持句子平衡,也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前
定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。
同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
定语从句的引导词:
指人:主语who; 宾语who/whom; 定语whose
表达事物:that(也可指人/ which
时间状语:when; 地点状语:where; 原因状语:why
同位语从句:名词做主语、宾语时,关系词用that 而不是which
时间when; 地点where
eg: An idea cam e to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
I have no idea what has happened to him.
定语从句中没有what 这个关系词,但它可以引导同位语从句
(An idea…com e to sb.某人突然想到了……
take sth. seriously==deal with sth. seriously 认真(严肃对待某事
take sth. lightly: 草率对待某事
as随着
过去分词做定语
claim to have done sth:声称曾经作过某事
confirm: be sure, be certain
search=hunt
leave behind:把某物留在后面
Wherever he went, the wound soldier left behind him a trail of blood.伤员所到之处,都留下道道血迹。
英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实,而中文则善于运用动作的执行者
complain of / about :抱怨
on + 名词:强调动作正在进行
on the rise:在上升
on the increase: 在增加
on the watch: 在观看
on the m atch:在比赛中
on the fishing trip:在钓鱼的途中
on holiday: 在度假
fully: com pletely, entirely
in the possession of sb==in sb's possession 归某人所有
in possession of sth. 拥有某物
take possession of 拥有
eg: The beautiful car is in my possession / in the possession of m e.
I am in possession of the beautiful car.
The person in possession of the big house is excited.
It is disturbing to think that一想到………就心里不安
eg It is disturbing to think that I felt m y examination.
Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one 十三等于一
一、【Text】课文
Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.
One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: t he clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.
'Whatever are you doing up here Bill ?' asked the vicar in surprise.
' I'm trying to repair the bell,' answered Bill.' I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.'
'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar. 'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.'
'That's the trouble, vicar,' answered Bill. 'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it.'
'We'll get used to that, Bill,' said the vicar. 'Thirteen is not as good as one, but i t's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'
二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语
◆equal v. 等于
◆raise v. 募集;筹(款
◆vicar n. 牧师
◆torchlight n.电筒光
★equal v. 等于
A equal B
与… 相匹敌None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer. eg:Mary is quite equal to John in brains.
be equal to + n: 1. 与…相匹敌
2. 有能力做某事to- 介词
eg: I am equal to running the com pany.
★raise v. 募集;筹(款
raise m oney 筹款
raise price 提高
raise a horse饲养
raise a fam ily 供养
raise wheet 种植小麦
raise an army 招募
raise a shout 发出喊声
★vicar n. 牧师
★torchlight n.电筒光
三、【课文精析】
现在进行时和always 等频度副词的搭配——表示说话人带有的情感色彩
Tom is always doing homework.
Tom is always does his homework.
He is always m aking noises.
one or another:表示某种、这样或那样
get enough money:筹集足够的资金来做某事
I have to get enough money to have m y house repaire d.
have the church clock repaired-----have sth. done 找某人来做某事
have the plane repaired have hair cut
某人所遭受到的意外某种情况-----主语必须是发出动作的人
His wallet was stolen. He had his wallet stolen.
used to:过去常常做,而现在不再发生的事情了
He used to sm oke every day.
however 用于口语,主要用于句首,作文中,最好用在句中、句尾,要用逗号分隔开来He said that it was so, he was mistake, however.
or: He said that it was so, however, he was mistake.
I know his story, however, I wouldn’t like to tell you.
I know his story, I, however wouldn’t like to tell you.
however 可用nevertheless nonetheless 替换
start:惊跳、惊奇
Eg: The voice m ade him start.
What a start you give m e.你真吓了我一跳
He stood up with a start.
before …才
Nearly a week past before he could explain what had happen to him.
Armed with a torch…
现在分词和过去分词的用法
分词做状语/定语时,一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致
recognized sb as :认出某人是
regard sb as, think of sb as, treat sb as(把某人对待为, have on sb as(把某人尊敬为
whatever: ever用来加强语气
night after night:一夜连着一夜
day after day / year after year / week after week / bus after bus
Key sentence:
you certainly did give me…
did
肯定句中常用do, did, does 加强语气和情感色彩,一定要位于动词原形之前。
Eg: You do like beauty today.
as well用在句尾相当于too, 主要用在肯定句中,但比too所表达的语意更优秀
still用于句首,用逗号分隔开来,表达一个转折的关系。虽然如此,但是
get used to , be used to do, be accustomed to, get accustomed to 都表示习惯于
get强调渐进的过程,be强调习惯了的状态
Eg: We are used to the cold weather here.
You will get used to the cold weather here.你很快会适应这寒冷的天气的。
Lesson 3 An unknown goddess 无名女神
一、【Text】课文
Some time ago,an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea.An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.Houses--often three storeys high----were built of stone.They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls.The city was even equipped with a drainage system,for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hip. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far,the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语
◆goddess n. 女神
◆archaeologist n. 考古学家
◆Aegean adj. 爱琴海的
◆explore v. 考察,勘探
◆promontory n. 海角
◆prosperous adj. (经济上繁荣的,昌盛的
◆civilization n. 文明
◆storey n. 楼层
◆drainage n. 排水
◆worship n. 崇拜
◆sacred adj. 宗教的,神圣的
◆fragment n 碎片
◆remains n. 遗物,遗迹,废墟
◆classical adj. (希腊罗马古文化的
◆reconstruct v. 修复
◆rest v. 倚放,放置
◆hip n. 屁股,臀部
◆full-length adj. (裙衣拖地长的
◆graceful adj. 优雅的
◆identity n. 身份
★goddess n. 女神
★archaeologist n. 考古学家
★Aegean adj. 爱琴海的
★explore v. 考察,勘探
The archaeologists are exploring the cave. exploration n.
explorer n.探险家
★promontory n. 海角
★prosperous adj. (经济上繁荣的,昌盛的Our finance is prosperous.
thriving 昌盛的,兴旺的
booming 蓬勃的,景气的
flourishing 繁茂的,健康的
★civilization n. 文明
high level of civilization高度文明
civilize v.
★storey n. 楼层
★drainage n. 排水
★worship n. 崇拜
respect; admire
Who do you worship in th world?
warship n. 军舰战船
★sacred adj. 宗教的,神圣的
holy adj. 神圣的,圣洁的
solemn adj. 庄严的,庄重的
sacred m usic 圣乐
sacred promise 神圣的诺言
★fragment n. 碎片
★remains n. 遗物,遗迹,废墟
★classical adj. (希腊罗马古文化的
classical music 古典音乐
classical education 人文科学教育
classic adj. 第一流的
This is a classic exam ple of love at the first sight. classic n. 杰作,经典之作
★reconstruct v. 修复
re-重新,再次
construct 构造,建造,组织
build house 造建筑物
put up a tent
construct a sentence
construct a broken statuary
erect: build high buildings
erect monument 建造纪念碑
erect clock tower 建造钟楼
setup; establish; found 建立
Eg: setup s tudents’ union
establish a school / rule
found a country
construction n.
constructive adj. 有教育意义的
constructor n. 建设者
★rest v. 倚放,放置
★hip n. 屁股,臀部
[口] 在服用兴奋剂,宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人;消息灵通人士;adj. 通晓的,见闻广的Eg: Hary is a real hip. 玛丽真是赶时髦
The guy isn’t a hip.这家伙什么都不懂
joined at the hip 表示交情极厚的
Eg: These two are joined at the hip.
shoot from the hip 信口开河
Eg: Sorry, I said that I shouldn’t have shot from the hip.
★full-length adj. (裙衣拖地长的
a full-length dress
★graceful adj. 优雅的
a graceful lady
elegant (behavier
★identity n. 身份
三、【课文精析】
an interesting discovery:强调discovery,体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出主动语态难以突出重点archaeologists m ade an interesting discovery
英文表达:结果、影响、效果为主语,强调对客观事实的陈述
Key sentence:
An American team explored a temple which…
which引导定语从句,修饰限定tem ple
wh ich stands in an ancient city on…
which = that; stand = lie, situate (vt. locate (vt.
An Am erican team explored a tem ple which is located / situated in…
An Am erican team explored a tem ple which lie in…
stand表示高高坐落于,矗立于
Eg: She stands 1.75m. / A great tree stands on the m ount.
Key sentence:
The city at one time must have been prosperous,for it…
for引导原因状语从句,对主句的附加说明
because引导原因状语从句,重点突出原因
Eg: The day broke for the birds were singing.
at one time:表达曾经,一度;过去时态的标志,once
must have been 对过去事实肯定的推测
enjoyed a high level of civilization. 享有高度文明
with…
Eg: a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hair
beautifully decorated 过去分词做定语
a beautifully dressed lady衣着漂亮的女士/ a deserted carpark 废弃的停车场
a white painted door 被粉刷成白色的门
现在分词做定语,被修饰词与修饰词之间为;逻辑主动关系
a boy clim bing the tree / the students reading in the room
Key sentence:
The city was even equipped with… for… were found…
be equipped with 配备,装备
Eg: the car was equipped with air conditioning.
for 引导原因状语从句
beneath the na rrow streets / under the narrow streets
prep. beneath = under 正下方
He is standing under / beneath the um brella.
under:在进行中,under control 控制之中;under discussion 讨论之中;under repairs 修理之中
below:在下方,强调斜下方
Eg: She is sitting below the window.
be used as / be used to be把…用作为
Eg:The box was used as a desk in the sm all village school.
The wooden box was used as a bookcase.
The wooden box is used to contain books.
In the most sacred room of…
Each of these represented … been painted.
represent vt. 代表
I represent all the classm ates.
The body of one statue was found…
dating 现在分词,修饰remains
the custom s dating from 1990
date from追溯到,从… 开始
The tradition dates from the tim e when his grandfather was young. The castle dates from the 14th century.
The castle dates back to the century.
Key sentence:
Its missing head happened to be among remains of…
happen to 强调事情的偶然发生
Eg: I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧开过那种汽车。
He happened to find the ticket in his pocket. 他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。
句式:It happens that……
Eg: It happnes that I m et her on my way to work
I happened to m eet her on m y way to work
happen on 巧遇,偶然发现,偶遇
Eg: I happend on this old picture in the back of the drawer.
Guess, who I happend