托福口语Task3解题技巧.doc

完整word)托福口语Task3解题技巧
TASK THREE

一、题目类型
托福口语第三题为校园场景对话。题目分为四个部分：题目介绍、阅读部分、听力部分以及答题环节.

1。 题型介绍
在此环节中，会有一段关于题目要求的简单介绍,时间约为20s左右。

2. 阅读部分
在此环节中，考生会有45s/50s的时间阅读文本内容。

Close the Campus Coffee house

I propose that the university close the campus coffeehouse. Coffeehouses are great， if people actually use them， like to socialize with friends， while enjoying a cup of coffee and a snack. But students are not using our campus coffeehouse. There are usually lots of empty tables when I pass by the place。 It is just a waste of space that could be used for other things。 Also， the food at the coffeehouse is not very good. The last time I was there, the cakes and muffins my friends and I ordered were dry and didn't have much flavor.

Sincerely，
Greg Smith

3。 听力部分
在此环节中，考生会听到一段对话，对话中的二人会对阅读中的计划或建议进行讨论。

4. 答题环节
在此环节中，考生有30s准备时间，并且需要在60s之内完成作答。

The woman expresses her opinion about the student’s proposal. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.

二、题目分析

1。 阅读部分
第三题阅读部分宏观上划分为2种形式:计划/建议。微观上划分为5种形式：

1) PRR (Plan/Proposal; Reason1； Reason2) ☆☆☆☆☆

Split Graduation

Traditionally, the university holds one ceremony for all graduating students, during which students are awarded their diplomas. Beginning this year, however， the university will hold two graduation ceremonies。 Under the new arrangement, half the graduating students will participate in the first ceremony， and the other will participate in a second ceremony to be held the following day. Administrators cite two reasons for the change。 First， the number of students and increased in recent years， and since diplomas are awarded individually， the single ceremony has become uncomfortably long。 Also, the hall where the ceremony is held is too small to accommodate the growing audience of friends and family members。
TPO25

Plan： The university plans to hold two graduation ceremonies beginning this year.
Reason1： The single ceremony has become uncomfortably long。
Reason2： The hall is too small to accommodate the growing audience.

2) PR (Plan/Proposal； Reason) ☆

Housing Renovations Planned

Over the last ten years， the number of Central College students living on campus in dormitories has decreased by twenty percent。 In an effort to counteract the trend， the college has announced a plan to renovate its on—campus housing。 The renovations will take two years, and they will include improvements to the bathrooms, lighting, and heating in the dormitories。 "A lot of people are moving off campus because the dorms aren’t in great shape，” explained the college president. ”By renovating the dorms, we can make them more appealing than off-campus housing, and more students will choose to remain on campus.”
TPO11

Plan: The university plans to renovate its on—campus housing。
Reason： More students will choose to remain on campus.

3) PRM （Plan/Proposal； Reason; Money） ☆☆☆☆

Fee Increase for Recreation Center Use

The university administration today announced a $25 increase in the student fee for using the campus recreation center。 The higher fee, which all students are required to pay， will provide funds to upgrade the facility and provide newer， more modern exercise equipment at the center. “We expect the improvements to increase student use of the facility," explained David Smith, director of the student activities office. Mr。 Smith also noted that the decision was approved because “We feel that $25 is a reasonable increase that will be affordable for individual students。”
TPO19

Plan： The university administration announced a ＄25 increase in the student fee for using the campus recreation center.
Reason： to upgrade the facility and provide newer exercise equipment at the center
Money： ＄25

4) 此类型可能与上述任何一种类型形式上完全相同。不同的是，此类型中,听力部分所讨论的两个理由其中之一针对的是阅读中计划或建议本身。☆☆

Evening Computer Classes May Be Added

The computer department is considering offering evening classes in the fall。 The proposal to add the classes is a response to student complaints that daytime computer classes have become increasingly overcrowded and there are no longer enough computers available。 The department has decided that despite some added expense， the most cost—effective way of addressing this problem is by adding computer classes in the evening. It is hoped that this change will decrease the number of students enrolled in day classes and thus guarantee individual access to computers for all students in computer classes.
TPO4

Plan: The computer department is considering offering evening classes in the fall.
Reason1: Daytime computer classes have become increasingly overcrowded。
Reason2: The most cost-effective way of addressing this problem is by adding computer classes in the evening.

5) PRPR （Plan1/Proposal1; Reason； Plan2/Proposal2； Reason） ☆☆

Student Health Services Need Improvement

The situation at the health center is unacceptable： you sit in a crowded waiting room for hours waiting to get treatment for minor ailments。 Then when it's your turn， you get about three minutes with an overworked doctor。 I have two suggestions. First， the health center needs to hire more doctors so that each patient receives quality treatment. And as far as the wait time issue is concerned, the health center is currently open only Monday through Fridays, which means that people who get sick over the weekend wait until the following week to get treatment So, opening the health center on weekends should solve that problem too。

Sincerely,
Megan Finch
TPO16

Proposal1: The health center needs to hire more doctors.
Reason： Each patient receives quality treatment。
Proposal2: Opening the health center on weekends should solve that problem。
Reason: People who get sick over the weekend wait until the following week to get treatment.

2. 听力部分

在听力部分中,对话双方针对阅读中的计划或建议以及相关理由分两方面展开讨论。每一个方面一般都会包括MS (Main point; Supporting detail) 或者MSS （Main point； Supporting detail1； Supporting detail2）。下面我们来分析一下MS/MSS之间的逻辑关系。以上面涉及到的题目为例：

TPO25

Split Graduation

Traditionally, the university holds one ceremony for all graduating students， during which students are awarded their diplomas。 Beginning this year， however, the university will hold two graduation ceremonies. Under the new arrangement， half the graduating students will participate in the first ceremony, and the other will participate in a second ceremony to be held the following day. Administrators cite two reasons for the change。 First， the number of students and increased in recent years， and since diplomas are awarded individually, the single ceremony has become uncomfortably long. Also， the hall where the ceremony is held is too small to accommodate the growing audience of friends and family members.
TPO25

Plan： The university plans to hold two graduation ceremonies beginning this year.
Reason1: The single ceremony has become uncomfortably long。
Reason2: The hall is too small to accommodate the growing audience.

W
You know， I wish they wouldn’t do this。

分析：
女成持有反对观点
Opinion： The woman in the listening is strongly against the plan because of two reasons。
M
Why?

分析：
抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明
W
Well, I think it’s unnecessary。 I mean， as far as the first reason goes, yeah， sure， it takes a long time to have everyone receive their diploma individually, especially now that there are more students. But there is an easy way to make it shorter.

分析：
1. 信号词I mean意味着对前面所提出的观点进行补充说明.I mean其后通常为重点。
2。 信号词but表示转折。有时首先进行让步，再转折。But其后通常为重点。
It is unnecessary。 为主旨句。I mean…为相关细节。由点及面构成一组完整意群。
Main point： The plan is totally unnecessary she thinks， because there is an easy way to make the graduation ceremony shorter。
M
What's that？

分析：
抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明
W
Reduce the number of speeches. I mean, a lot of people give speeches， students, professors， administrators （and) the president of the university. Do we really need that many speeches？

分析：
1. 信号词I mean意味着对前面所提出的观点进行补充说明。I mean其后通常为重点.
Reduce the number of speeches. 为主旨句.I mean…为相关细节。由点及面构成一组完整意群。
Supporting detail1： The university could simply reduce the number of speeches。 A lot of people give speeches， students, professors, administrators and the president of the university.
M
Probably not。 And a lot of the speeches are pretty boring anyway。 So yeah， we probably could cut out a few.

分析:
抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明
非主要观点持有者，在极少数情况下会给出若干有效信息。以此处为例，boring可以为补充细节；cut out可以替换上文的reduce。
W
Yeah。 And I don't think their second reason is really good either， about the space。

分析：
话锋转向第二个理由
M
How’s that?

分析：
抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明
W
The problem isn't the size of the hall， is that they allow students to invite too many people to come and watch. All they need to do is to reduce the number of guests each graduating student gets to invite。

分析：
1。 信号词problem意味着提出问题。Problem其后通常为重点。
2 The problem is that…构成一组完整意群。
3。 All they need to do is…及在否定前提下，主要观点持有者提出个人建议或想法,比为重点。构成一组完整意群。
Main point： The problem isn’t the size of hall， but they allow students to invite too many people to come and watch.
Supporting detail1： All they need to do is to reduce the number of guests each graduating student gets to invite。
M
Yeah， I guess that could solve the problem.

抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明
W
Yeah。 I mean， right now each graduating student can invite up to ten people， that's too many。 At most schools, students only get to invite like four or five people。 If we just say, ‘OK， you can only invite six people.” That it still be more than most other schools and the ceremony could stay the way it is.

分析：
1。 信号词I mean意味着对前面所提出的观点进行补充说明。I mean其后通常为重点。
2。 信号词if表示提出假设,其前或其后皆可能为重点。
3。 数字必为重点。
此段落为一个完整意群。
Supporting detail2： Right now each graduating student can invite up to ten people At most schools， students only get to invite like four or five people. So if they can only invite six people, the problem would be solved.

分析总结：
O
The woman in the listening is strongly against the plan because of two reasons

R1
Main point:
The plan is totally unnecessary she thinks， because there is an easy way to make the graduation ceremony shorter.
Suggest a way to solve the problem.

Supporting detail1：
The university could simply reduce the number of speeches. A lot of people give speeches, students， professors， administrators and the president of the university。
How to make it shorter?
R2
Main Point:
The problem isn’t the size of hall, but they allow students to invite too many people to come and watch.
Suggest the real problem。

Supporting detail1:
All they need to do is to reduce the number of guests each graduating student gets to invite。
Suggest a way to solve the problem.

Supporting detail2:
Right now each graduating student can invite up to ten people。 At most schools, students only get to invite like four or five people. So if they can only invite six people， the problem would be solved。
How to reduce the number of guests？

本题为OR（MS）R（MSS），共5个意群。

Sample Answer:
The university plans to hold two graduation ceremonies starting this year。
The woman in the listening is strongly against the plan for two reasons.
First， she thinks it is totally unnecessary。 There’s an easy way to make the ceremony shorter by simply cutting out a few boring speeches given by students, professors and administers, etc。
Second， the problem has nothing to do with the size of the hall， but the students are allowed to invite too many people to come and watch。 So all they need to do is to reduce the number of guests that each graduating students gets to invite, like from up to ten people down to six people, which is already more than most of other schools。 （121)

TPO19

Fee Increase for Recreation Center Use

The university administration today announced a ＄25 increase in the student fee for using the campus recreation center。 The higher fee， which all students are required to pay， will provide funds to upgrade the facility and provide newer， more modern exercise equipment at the center. “We expect the improvements to increase student use of the facility,” explained David Smith, director of the student activities office。 Mr. Smith also noted that the decision was approved because “We feel that $25 is a reasonable increase that will be affordable for individual students。”
TPO19

Plan： The university administration announced a ＄25 increase in the student fee for using the campus recreation center.
Reason： to upgrade the facility and provide newer exercise equipment at the center
Money： $25

M
Did you see this announcement in the newspaper? It sounds like a great idea.

分析:
男生持有赞同观点。
Opinion： The man is strongly for this plan for two reasons.
W
You really think so？ Not many people even use the place。

分析：
抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明
M
I know。 That’s the point. People don’t go there because the facilities are old and the exercise equipment breaks down。 I think the director is right that they get more use out of this way。 Right now, the place is usually empty and that's too bad. Students can get pretty stressed out if they don’t get some exercise。

分析：
1。 信号词because表示因果关系，其后通常为重点.
2。 信号词if表示条件关系,其前或其后皆可能为重点。
Main point： People don’t go there because the facilities are old and the exercise equipment breaks down.
Supporting detail1: The place is usually empty and that’s too bad。
Supporting detail2： Students can get pretty stressed out if they don’t get some exercise.
W
That's a good point。 But doesn't it seem like a lot of money?

分析：
话锋转向第二个方面
M
It’s not really all that much, if you figure a lot of people spend that kind of money on a CD or when they go out to the movies。 This is just one charge for the whole year。

分析:
1. 信号词if表示条件关系，其前或其后皆可能为重点。
Main point： It is not really all that much。
Supporting detail1: A lot of people spend that kind of money on a CD or when they go out to the movies.
Supporting detail2: This is just one charge for the whole year.
W
That’s true, and instead of some little thing we get a recreation center people might actually use.

分析：
抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明
M
Right, so considering the benefits， it’s really not that much to pay.

分析:
首尾呼应
W
Yeah, I guess you’re right.

分析：
抛出问题/承上启下/补充说明

分析总结：
O
The man is strongly for this plan for two reasons.

R1
Main point：
People don’t go there because the facilities are old and the exercise equipment breaks down。
Suggest the cause of the situation。

Supporting detail1:
The place is usually empty and that's to