新人教版八年级上册英语期末复习资料..doc

新人教版八年级上册英语期末复习资料Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重点短语:(1go on vacation 去度假(2stay at home 呆在家(3go to the mountains 去爬山(4go to the beach 去沙滩(5visit museums 参观博物馆(6go to summer camp 夏令营(7quite a few 相当多,不少(8study for为而学习(9go out 出去(10most of the time大多数时间(11taste good 尝起来不错(12 have a good time过得愉快(13feel like 感受到(14go shopping 去买东西(15in the past 在过去(16walk around.四处走走(17too many 太多(18because of+短语因为(19one bowl of 一碗。(20find out 查明,弄清(21take photos 照相(22something important 重要的事情(23up and down 上上下下(24come up 上来,出现(25of course 当然(26come down 下来重点语法:(1Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City.(2Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. (3 Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. (4 How was the food? Everything tasted really good.(5Did everyone have a good time? Oh,yes. Everything was excellent. 习惯用法:(1 buy sth for sb./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物(2taste + adj. 尝起来(3nothing .but + V.(原形 除了之外什么都没有(4seem + (to be + adj 看起来(5. arrive in + 大地方 arrive at + 小地方到达某地(6 decide to do sth. 决定做某事(7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事(8try to do sth. 尽力做某事(9try ones best to do sth尽力做某事(10 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事(11want to do sth. 想去做某事(12start doing sth. 开始做某事(13stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来做某事(14look + adj 看起来(15 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事(16Why not do sth. 为什么不做.呢?(17so + adj + that + 从句如此以至于(18 tell sb. (not to do sth. 告诉某人(不要做某事(19 keep doing sth. 继续做某事(20.forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做 forget doing sth忘记做过某事(已做词语辨析:1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。 anywhere 在任何地方,常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere. somewhere 在某处,到某处,常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.2 seem + 形容词看起来.You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seems / seemed + that来好像;似乎.seem like .好像,似乎.It seems like a god idea.3 decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum. decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4 start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始,可与begin 互换。 He started doing his homework.5 over 介词,多于,超过,在以上(表示数目、程度= more than My father is over 40 years old.6. too many 太多,后接可数名词复数: Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多,修饰不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Don t talk too much. 7 because of 因为,由于,后接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词,因为,引导状语从句,表示直接明确的原因。I dont buy it because it was too expensive.8 too,to 太.以至于不能. Mother is too tired to go to school.9 have fun doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短语:(1 help sb with sth帮助某人做某事(2go shopping去买东西(3on weekends 在周末(4how often 多少次(5hardly ever 几乎从不(6once a week 一星期一次(7twice a month一个月两次(8 go to the movies 去看电影(9every day 每天(10use the Internet上网(11be free= be not busy =have time 有空(12have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈和钢琴课(13 swing dance 摇摆舞(14play tennis 打网球(15stay up late 熬夜到很晚(16go to sleep 睡觉(17go to bed 上床睡觉(18at least 至少,不少于(19go to bed early 上床睡觉早(20 play sports 做运动(21be good for 对.有好处(22be good at doing sth 擅长做某事(23 go camping 去野营(24in ones free time 在某人的业余时间(25the most popular 最受欢迎(26such as 例如.像.这样(27go to the dentist看牙科医生(28more than 多于(29old habits die hard 旧习难改(30less than 少于(31junk food 垃圾食品(32 take care of sb 照料某人(33look after sb 照顾某人(34have to do sth必须做某事(35get in进入(36be late for 迟到语法要点:(1What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.(2What do they do on weekends? They often help my mother with housework. (3 What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.(4How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month. (5 How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV. (6 Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping. 习惯用法:1. help sb. with sth=have sb do sth帮助某人做某事2. How about doing? .怎么样?/ .好不好?3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句5. 主语+ find+ that 从句发现6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事9. by doing sth. 通过做某事 10. Whats your favorite.?你最喜欢的是什么? 11 start doing sth. 开始做某事 12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 13.full of 满的 14.what about doing sth ?做某事怎么样? 15.not.at all 一点儿也不 I dont like it at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢它。词语辨析:1. free 空闲的,有空的,反义词为 busy. be free 有空,闲着,相当于 have time. Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week.2. How come?怎么会?怎么回事?表示某件事情很奇怪,有点想不通;可单独使用,也可引导一个问句,相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。 How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?3. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚,迟 睡”。 Dont stay up late next time.stay up 指“熬夜,不睡觉”。 He stayed up all night to write his story. 4. go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程,但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night. go to sleep 强调“入睡,睡着,进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon. 5. find + 宾语 +名词, 发现: We have found him (to be a good boy. find + 宾语 + 形容词,发现 He found the room dirty. find + 宾语 + 现在分词,发现: I found her standing at the door. 6. percent 百分数,基数词 + percent: percent 没有复数形式,作主语时,根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed. 7. more than超过,多于,不仅仅,相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为: less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.8. afraid 形容词,担心的,害怕的,在句中作表语,不用在名词前作定语。Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事; be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。 Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question. Im afraid + 从句,恐怕,担心: Im afraid I have to go now. 9. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别: sometimes 频度副词,有时。 Sometimes I get up very early. sometime 副词,某个时候。 I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. some times 名词词组,几次,几倍。其中time 是可数名词,对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语,一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时 I ll stay here for some time.10.how often 多久一次,用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用:once,twice, three times 等词语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week. how long 多长,用来询问多长时间,也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how far 多远,用来询问距离,指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister短语归纳与用法:(1more outgoing更外向 15asas与一样(2the singing competition唱歌比赛(16be similar to与相像的/类似的(3 the same as和相同;与一致(17be different from与不同(4care about 关心;介意(18be like a mirror像一面镜子(5the most important最重要的(19as long as只要;既然(6bring out使显现;使表现出(20 get better grades取得更好的成绩(7reach for伸手取(21in fact事实上;实际上(8make friends交朋友(22the other其他的(9touch ones heart感动某人(23be talented in music有音乐天赋(10be good at 擅长(24be good with善于与相处(11have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣(25be good at doing sth擅长做某事(12 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事(26want to do sth.想要做某事(13as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样(14Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 语法知识:(1Is Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom. (2Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara. (3 Are you as friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier. (4 Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.(5Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me. 词语辨析: (1laugh v. & n. 笑 He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。(与at连用嘲笑Dont laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。名词:笑;笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。(2 though conj. 虽然;纵然;即使;尽管 = although Though it was raining,he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨,他还是到那里去了。注意:在though引导的从句后不使用but。如: though adv. 不过,然而,常用于句末,用逗号隔开。Jim said that he would come, he didnt , though.Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater重点句型:1. It has the biggest screens.2. The DJs choose songs the most carefuly.3. How do you like it so fa r? 到目前为止,你认为它怎么样?4. Thanks forget telling me.5. Can I ask you some questions? 重点短语:(1movie theater电影院(2be close to离近(3clothes store服装店(4 in town在镇上(5so far到目前为止(610 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟路程(7 talent show才艺表演(8have.in common 有相同特征(想法、兴趣方面相同(9 around the world世界各地;全世界(10more and more越来越(11and so on 等等(12all kinds of各种各样的(13be up to由决定(14not everybody 并不是每个人(15make up编造(故事、谎言等(16play a role in在方面发挥作用/有影响(17play a role in doing sth. 发挥做某事的作(18no problem 没什么,别客气(19for example例如(20 takeseriously认真对待(21give sb. sth.给某人某物(22come true(梦想、希望实现;达到(23 Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。(24much+ adj./adv.的比较级得多(25 watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事(26one of+可数名词的复数之一(27 Can I ask you some?我能问你一些吗?(28How do you like? (29 What do you think of?你认为怎么样? (30how much.?多少钱?(31How far?多远?(32How many?多少?(33How long.?多长?Unite 5 Do you want to a game show?重要短语:(1find out 查明,弄清(2 be ready to do 准备好做某事(3dress up 装扮,乔装打扮(4take sbs place代替,替换(5do a good job 干得好(6 think of +名词或动词短语认为. (7game shows游戏节目(8learn from向学习从.获得(9talk shows 脱口秀(10soap opera 肥皂剧(11go on 发生(12 watch a movie 观看一场电影(13one of the main reasons 最主要的原因之一(14 watch a sitcom 观看一部情景喜剧(15action movies 动作电影(16 come out 出版,发行(17try ones best 尽力,竭尽全力(18a pair of一双,一对(19as famous as 一样著名(20look like 看起来像(21around the world 世界各地(22have a discussion about就.讨论(23one day有一天(24such as比如 (25a symbol of .的象征(26something enjoyable令人愉快的东西(27 interesting information 有趣的资料(28happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事(29expect to do sth.盼望做某事(30TV shows 电视节目重要句型:(1What do you think of talk shows? I dont mind them. (2I hope to be a TV reporter one day. How about you? 常用法:(1 let sb do sth. 让某人做某事(2 plan to do sth. 计划做某事(3 hope to do sth. 希望做某事(4 mind doing sth 介意做某事(5 expect to do sth. 期待做某事(6 How (what about doing做某事怎么样?(7 be always ready to do sth. 总是准备做某事(8 try ones best to do sth. 尽力做某事(9 become +adj 变得. (10 not so .as 不像那样.;不如.这么(11 thank you for doing sth 谢谢你做某事 Thank you for sth 谢谢你的(12 love doing sth 喜爱做某事语词辨析:1.the other, the others, other, others, another the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分,常用one the other。例: He has two apples, one is red, the other is green. There are forty students in our class. twen ty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys. the others 特指某一范围内的其他的(人或物,是the other的复数形式,相当于the other+复数名词。the other + 复数名词 = any other + 名词单数。例: You two stay here, the others go with me. other 作代词或形容词,可修饰可数名词单数或复数。 We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects. others 作代词,泛指“其他的人或物”。例: Some students are doing homework, others are talking loudly. another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例: I dont like this one. Please show me another one.2.find out 查明,弄清楚,find 找到 Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.3. go on 发生,与 take place 同义 I wonder what was going on.4.happen v.发生,一般指偶然发生,主语为事,不能为人。Sth + happens to sb. Sth + happens + 地点/时间:某地/某时发生了某事 Happen v,表示“碰巧”,主语可以是人,后常跟动词不定式to,表示“碰巧”. Sb + happens to do sth. I happened to see my uncle on the street. * take place 意为“发生,举行,举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例: Great changes have taken place in China. The meeting will take place next Friday.5.expect v.期待,盼望,预期,后常接四种结构: 1expect + 名词/代词,期待某事/某人,预计可能发生。 Im expecting Li Lins letter. 2expect to do sth. 预计做某事 Lily expects to come back next week. 3expect sb. to do sth. I expect my mother to come back early. 4expect + 从句预计 I expected that Ill come back next Monday.6. serious a. 严肃的,认真的。 He is a serious man. be serious about sb/sth. 对某人/某事当真 be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真Unit 6 Im going to study computer science短语:1. grow up成长;长大2. every day每天3. be sure about对有把握4. make sure 确信;务必5. want to do sth.想要做某事6. sendto把送到7. be able to 能8. the meaning of的意思9. different kinds of不同种类的 10. agree to do sth.同意做某事 11. write down写下;记下 12. have to do with关于;与有关系 13. take up开始 做;学着做 14. hardly ever几乎不;很少 15. help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 16. tooto太而不能 17. love to do sth.喜爱做某事 18. be going to+动词原形打算做某事 19. practice doing练习做某事 20. keep on doing sth.不断地做某事 21. promise to do sth.许诺去做某事 22. learn to do sth.学会做某事 23. finish doing sth.做完某事 24. remember to do sth.记住做某事1 be going to的用法1be going to+动词原形表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语连用,be随主语有am, is, are 的变换肯定句:主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他。否定句:主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 + 其他. 一般疑问句Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他肯定回答: Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答: No, 主语 + be not.特殊疑问句:疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?2 如果表示计划去某地,可直接用 be going to + 地点We are going to Beijing for a holiday.3 表示位置移动的动词,如go , come, leave 等常用进行时表示将来。My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week. 4 be going to 与 will 的区别:对未来事情的预测用“ will + 动词原形”表达。 Will planes be large in the future? Yes, they will. / No, they won t. will 常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情,而be going to 指某事肯定发生,常表示事情很快就要发生。 I believe Lucy will be a great doctor. 陈述将来的某个事实用will. I will ten years old next year. 表示现在巨大将来要做的事情用 will. Im tired I will go to bed. 表示意愿用will. Ill tell you the truth.表示计划、打算要做的事情用 be going to,不用 will.2promise vt. 保证,许诺。有三种结构:1promise to do sth. _My mother promised to buy a piano for me.2promise sb. sth. _ My aunt promised me a bike.3promise + that 从句_ Tom promises that he can return on time.promise n. 允诺,诺言Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise.3. practice vt. 练习,后接名词,代词或v-ing 作宾语。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.常跟v-ing 作宾语的动词有:考虑建议盼原谅:consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon.承认推迟没得想: admit, delay/put off, fancy. 避免错过继续练: avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice.否认完成能欣赏: deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate. 不禁介意与逃亡: cant help , mind, escape. 不准冒险凭想象: forbid, risk, imagine. 4. everyday 与 every day 区别everyday adj. 日常的在句中作定语,位于名词前。 This is our everyday homework.every day 副词短语,在句中作状语,位于句首或句末。 He reads books every day.Unit 7 Will people have robots?短语:1. on computer在电脑上2. on paper在纸上3. live to do 200 years old活动200岁4. Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做 某事的 5. free time空闲时间 6. in danger处于危险之中 7. on the earth在地球上8. play a part in sth.参与某事 9. space station太空站 10. look for寻找11. computer programmer电脑编程员 12. in the future在未来 13. hundreds of许多;成百上千 14. the sameas与一样 15. over and over again多次;反复地 16. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 17. get bored感到厌烦的 18. wake up醒来 19. fall down倒塌 20. will+动词原形将要做 21. fewer/more+可数名词复数更少/更多 22. less/more+不可数名词更少/更多 23. have to do sth.不得不做某事 24. agree with sb.同意某人的意见 25. such+名词(词组如此 26. play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事 27. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 28. There will be + 主语+其他 29. make sb. do sth. 30. There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有正在做某事语法:1 What will the future be like? Cities will be more polluted. And there will be fewer trees. 2 Will people use money in 100 years? No, they wont. Everything will be free. 3 Will there be world peace? Yes, I hope so.4 Kids will stuffy at home on computers. They wont go to school. 5 There will be more people. There will be more pollution. 6 There wi ll be fewer trees. There will be less free time. 词语辨析:1. every 与 each 的区别: every 用来表整体,each 用来表个别。each 最低需是两,every 最低需是三。 Every teacher knows her. Each of the road has a dictionary.2. on the earth 在地球上,作地点状语,位于句首或句末。 on earth 究竟,到底。用于疑问句或副词后,加强语气。 All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. / What on earth do you mean?3. hum an, 指包括男人女人孩子的“人,人类” person, 无性别之分,可数名词 people, 泛指