1、electricity or chemicals. Types of burns There are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second, or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned. First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within
2、 a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment. Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by
3、hot liquids. Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once. Character
4、istics of burns First degree burns ●dry, red and mildly swollen ● mildly painful ● turn white when pressed Second degree burns ● rough, red and swollen ● blisters ● watery surface ● extremely painful Third degree burns ● black and white a
5、nd charred ● swollen; often tissue under them can be seen ● little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured are. First aid treatment Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing
6、 and jewelry near the burn. Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree bur
7、ns. For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not
8、so bad. Dry the burned area gently. Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on burns as they keep the heat in th
9、e wounds and may cause infection. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If burns are on the face, the victim should sit up. If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. HEROIC
10、 TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD Seventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honored at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbor after a shocking knife attack. John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who
11、 had saved the life of another. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily.
12、 Her hands had almost been cut off. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these t
13、o treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. “I’m proud of what I did but I was just doing what I’d been taught,” John said. John had taken parting in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high sch
14、ool. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, “There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.” Before receiving thei
15、r awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister. 选修六 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so
16、many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of pain
17、ters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were chan
18、ging in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious t
19、hemes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings. so they could decorate their superb palaces and great hou
20、ses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people fir
21、st saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, on one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the co
22、lors used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly a
23、gricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Imp
24、ressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings
25、 were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art (20th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist
26、 paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”. This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, 100万瓶/年工业气体、医用氧气充装项目 可行性研究报告 目 录 第一章 总论 1 1.1项目概况 1
27、 1.2编制依据和原则 1 1.3项目提出的理由与过程 2 1.4可行性研究的工作范围 3 1.5项目建设主要内容 3 1.7项目总投资及资金来源 3 1.8研究的简要结论 3 1.9主要技术经济指标表 4 第二章 项目背景和发展概况 5 2.1项目建设背景 5 2.2项目发展概况 6 2.3投资的必要性 6 第三章 市场分析与建设规模 7 3.1市场分析 7 3.2市场预测及价格确定 8 3.3建设规模 8 第四章 建设条件与选址 9 4.1厂址位置 9 4.2经济社会条件 9 4.3自然环境概况 10 第五章 技术方案 12 5.1设备方案 12
28、 5.2生产工艺 12 5.3土建工程方案 15 5.4总平面布置 16 5.5公用工程 17 第六章 环境保护和劳动安全 20 6.1建设地点环境现状 20 6.2本项目采用的环境保护设计依据 20 6.3施工期环境影响及治理措施 20 6.4运营期环境影响及治理措施 23 6.5管理体制 24 第七章 劳动保护和安全卫生 25 7.1设计原则 25 7.2采用的安全卫生规范、规定 25 7.3生产过程中的危险有害因素分析 25 7.4危险有害因素对策措施 29 第八章 消防 32 8.1设计依据 32 8.2项目概况 32 8.3消防设计 32 8.4
29、安全卫生机构 34 8.5预期效果 34 8.6消防管理 34 第九章 劳动组织 36 9.1劳动组织 36 9.2各管理部门管理岗位工作职能 36 9.3管理部门的人员数量 41 9.4生产经营管理制度 41 第十章 项目招投标及实施计划 47 10.1项目招投标 47 10.2项目实施进度计划 47 第十一章 投资估算与资金筹措 49 11.1项目总投资估算 49 11.2 资金筹措方案 52 第十二章 财务与敏感性分析 53 12.1财务评价分析 53 12.2不确定性分析 55 12.3 财务评价结论 55 第十三章 结论 57 62
30、electricity or chemicals. Types of burns There are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second, or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned. First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within
31、 a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment. Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by
32、hot liquids. Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once. Character
33、istics of burns First degree burns ●dry, red and mildly swollen ● mildly painful ● turn white when pressed Second degree burns ● rough, red and swollen ● blisters ● watery surface ● extremely painful Third degree burns ● black and white a
34、nd charred ● swollen; often tissue under them can be seen ● little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured are. First aid treatment Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing
35、 and jewelry near the burn. Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree bur
36、ns. For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not
37、so bad. Dry the burned area gently. Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on burns as they keep the heat in th
38、e wounds and may cause infection. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If burns are on the face, the victim should sit up. If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. HEROIC
39、 TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD Seventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honored at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbor after a shocking knife attack. John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who
40、 had saved the life of another. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily.
41、 Her hands had almost been cut off. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these t
42、o treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. “I’m proud of what I did but I was just doing what I’d been taught,” John said. John had taken parting in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high sch
43、ool. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, “There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.” Before receiving thei
44、r awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister. 选修六 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so
45、many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of pain
46、ters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were chan
47、ging in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious t
48、hemes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings. so they could decorate their superb palaces and great hou
49、ses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people fir
50、st saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, on one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the co
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