humanity--culture-wuthering-heig人性文明爱.doc

英语论文：Humanity?Culture?WutheringHeig摘要艾米莉.勃朗特在呼啸山庄中，以爱情为主题，从一个侧面展现了人性与社会文明的冲突，展示了人性是多么复杂的东西，而使这部小说有了令人难以忘怀的地方。本文揭示了人性的复杂与深刻，在于它所蕴含的爱与恨，而左右着人性的又是当时的社会文明。本文探讨了小说中的人性与文明的冲突的产物爱与恨，而凯瑟琳和希刺克利夫在人性与文明的影响下又怎样面对他们的爱情。在社会文明的影响下，当爱情产生了恨，而恨往往把人性扭曲了，而有了一场社会文明下的悲剧人性爱情故事，因为当人性再度重现，已错过了一段美丽的爱情。关键词：人性文明爱报复AbstractInWutheringHeightsbyEmilyBronte,basedonlove,ontheotherside,demonstratesthecollisionbetweenhumanityandculture.Thehumanityisverycomplex.Accordingly,thisnovelhasthehauntingplot.Thisnovelrevealsthehumanityscomplexityandprofundity,becauseitimpliestheloveandresentment,furthermore,thehumanityhasimpactedonthetemporalsocialculture.Thispaperexplorestheloveandhateproducingfromthecollisionbetweenhumanityandculture.AndtrytoillustratetheundyinglovebetweenCatherineandHeathcliffthroughhumanityandcultureandhowtofacetheirlove.Underthesocialculture,whenloveturnstohate,hatetwistshumanity.Thereby,humanitysloveisastragedythroughculture.Becausetheymissedthebeautifultimeforlove,whenhumanityarisesagain.Keywords:HumanityCultureLoveRevengeHumanity?Culture?WutheringHeighetsloveIntroductionInWutheringHeights,thetopicislove,deducesusaworld-shakingundyinglove.Theyarenotonlyhavethelingeringlove,butalsoadeeplyingrainedhatebetweenthem.CatherineandHeathcliffslovehasbothhumanityandsocialcultureandwhichbindwiththem.Thehumanityhasmadetheirloveunchangedandundying,butculturedestroysthislove,andcauseshate,Catherinebetrayshim.ThereforeHeathcliffshateisquiteincisiveandvivid,butstillcomesbacktothelove.InthenovelbyEmilyBronte,thetwomaincharactershavethenaturalstyleandprimitivenaturenaivete,truculence,frankness,firmness,aflushofsentiment,behavioriscrazy.Theyloveverydesperately,theyhateisregardlessofwhatever.Asaresult,thecharacterslovequitestrong,shaking-heart.“Unchangedasthemount,ferocityasthelighting”(songp7).Hence,WutheringHeightsbecomesthemostmagnificentloveepicintheworld.ThesocialcultureandhumanityInthenineteenthcentury,theVictorianperiodthenoblemanisenormouslyproudoftheirsuccess,fullofthetemporalrankconcept.Statusisfirst,moneyisGod.Peoplesspiritssufferfromtheintenseoppression.Humanityistwistedwithoutmercy.TheEarnshowsholdaprecariousplacewithinthehierarchy.Althoughthegentry,possessedservantsandoftenlargeestates,theynonethelessholdafragilesocialposition.TheLintonsarerelativelyfirmintheirgentrysstatus,buttheEarnshowsareonmuchshakiergroundsocial.CatherinewantstomarryEdgarsothatshewillbe“thegreatestwomanoftheneighborhood”.Aboveall,thisisthesocialcultureandhumanityonthattime.ButCatherineandHeathcliffscharacterisgovernedbytheirpassions,notbyreflectionoridealsofcivility.Alsothehousewheretheylivecomestosymbolizethehumanity,butThrushcrossGrangerepresentsculture,convention,refinement.WhenCatherineleftforThrushcrossGrangethefirsttime,shehasimpactedonthiscultureandfindsherselfdeeplyattractedbyit.Therefore,forloveherheartsoambivalent.OwningtoCatherineschanging,Heathcliffbeginstoresentthesocietythatisresponsible,“whenheacquirespowerandreturnstoWutheringHeightswithmoneyandthetrappingsofagentlemanhebecomesavillain”.Humanitywasdispelledinacorner;socialculturewasfilledincivicbrain.CatherinesloveunderthesocialcultureTheheroineCatherineisveryambivalentinherlove.Duetohumannature,shelovesHeathcliffdeeplywithchildlikepassion,andhersoulcantlivewithouthim.Butthesocialculturemadeherbetraytheloveinordertosatisfyheryearningforfameandwealth.ShechoosesLinton,herebyherlovebecomesatragedy.CatherineiscrazyaboutHeathcliff.Theirloveisrootedintheirchildhoodandismarkedbytherefusaltochangeandembracethosedifferences.Moreover,theirloveisbasedontheirsharedperceptionthattheyareidentical,eventheirsoulsaresharedbyone.Catherinedeclares,“Whateveroursoulsaremadeof,hisandminearethesame”.(Gaop103)“IamHeathcliff!”(Gaop105)WhenshefirstcomesbackfromThrushcrossGrange,sheimmediatelyrealizestheimpactthatthesocialculturehashadinher.Herheartbecomesmorecomplexandambivalent.CatherinelooksforHeathcliff,toembraceandkisshim,atthesametimesheisafraidaboutHeathcliffsdirtyclotheagainsthercleandress.Shealsotreatshermarriagelikethis.IfshemarriesHeathcliffshewillbeabeggar.EvenifsheiswellawarethatwithoutHeathcliffshecantlive,butthecruelrealityhelpsherrealizethatmarryingLintonwillmakeherbecomethegreatestwomaninthearea.Thetemptationofmaterialbenefitandthebourgeoisculturesociety,madeherbetrayherlove.Butherbetrayalisnotthorough.Although,shedarestobreakfreefromthelowclassculture.SheisstillcrazyaboutHeathcliffevenwithoutproperty,status.AsCatherinesays“ItwoulddegrademetomarryHeathcliffnowbutbecauseheismoremyselfthanIam.”(Gaop102)ButhumanitysloveneverletCatherinegiveupHeathcliff.Catherinesaid“MyloveforHeathcliffresemblestheeternalrocksbeneath:asourceoflittlevisibledelight,butnecessary.butasmyownbeing.”(Gaop105)HerchoiceaboutmarriagemadeherbetrayherhumanityandHeathcliff,forcingHeathclifftoleave.Despiteherchildlikenaturetolovehimverydeeplywithfiercepassion.SocialculturewinshumanityinCatherine,butshewasneverhappyatthecivilizedThrushcrossGrange,andfoundherselffeelingemptywithoutsoul.Andforthenextsevenyears,Catherinecoastedthroughlife,livingonlyinthepast.HersoulsoeagertomeetHeathcliffssoul.Ultimately,sheistornbetweenherwildpassionforHeathcliffandhersocialambition.Buttheprimitiveloveexceedstheculturallove,causeshermisstheWutheringHeightsinsick.Andbeforeshedies,gointothebosomofHeathcliff.Aftershedies,herlonelyghostthirstsforcomingbackWutheringHeights.Sheusesthemelancholyvoicesobs“LetmeinLetmein!”(Songp28)HeathcliffsloveandhateHeathcliffsloveispureinintentionandneverchanges.LikeCatherine,helovestorunaroundonthemoor.Hislovejusthasthehumannaturesemotionwithoutrank,culture.Heathcliffneversays“love”,buthislovestrongerthanhurricane,comparewithcloudburst.Heisfilledwithuncontrollablepassion.Inchapterthird,hehearssomesoundsinCatherinesroom,“hisagitationwassoextreme,thathecouldhardlypickitup.”(Gaop30)Uponarrivingatthebedroom,asLockwoodtherenterofThrushcrossGrangefleesfromit,HeathcliffcriesouttoCatherinebegginghertoreturn.“Comein!Comein!HesobbedCathy,docome.Ohdooncemore!Oh!Myheartsdarling;hearmethistime.Catherine,atlast!”(Gaop33)thisshowshowHeathclifftastesthebitternessofhislostlove.HisloveforCatherineisexpressedsimple,honestlybrevitybutfulloffervidlove.Inchaptersixteenth,hecursesCatherineforthepain.Shehascausedhimandpleadswithherspirittohaunthimfortherestofhislife.Shemaytakeanyform,hesays,andevendrivesmemadaslongasIamliving.Hegoesontosay“mayyounotrestaslongasIamliving!YousaidIkilledyou-hauntme,then!”“Bewithmealways-takeanyform-drivememad!Onlydonotleavemeinthisabyss,whereIcantfindyou!”(Gaop218)Althoughinthischapter,therearenodefinitewordstorepresentHeathcliffslove,itisnonethelessknownanddeeplyrootedintheirhearts,neverlosingtheirpassion.BecauseofthestrengthofhisloveforCatherine,HeathcliffundertakeshiswickedandvengefulrevengeagainstthosedeemsresponsibleforhismiseryHeathcliffcomesfromthelowerclassandbecauseofthis,theLintonfamilymakeshimfeelsunworthyofher.Catherineseeksamoregenteellifethereforebetrayingtheirlove.WhenHeathcliffheardthat“ItwoulddegrademetomarryHeathcliffnow”(Gaop102).Hewithdrawsinarageofshame,humiliation,anddespair.Threeyearslater,Heathcliffcomesbackwithpowerandmoney,heislongingformeetingCatherine,atthistimehebeginstodoanelaborateplanforrevenge.Buthiscruelandharmfulbehaviorcomesfromthepainofhislove.Hebecomesafiend,ademon,towardeverypersonaroundhim.HeruinsHindleyCatherinesbrotherbytrickinghimandtherefore,takingpossessionofWutheringHeights.HealsoendsHaretonsHindleyssoneducationafterHindleydied,andthenelopeswithIsabellaLintionssister,aftersheisill-treatedbyhim.Likewise,HeathcliffusesIsabellatorevengeEdgar.“Hismalevolenceprovessogreatandlonglastingthatitcantbeadequatelyexplainedevenasadesireforrevenge”(Liup34)WithoutCatherine,helosthissenseoflife,revengereplaceslove,andbecomethedrivingforcebehindhisactions.However,whostripshislove?Whatdoestwisthishumanity?Butthedeep-rootedlovedidntdisappearatall.HeathclifftriestorecapturethespiritofCatherineinhisdesiretorejoinher.Heevenopenshercoffin,Heathcliffsays“Isawherfaceagain”.ThemanysignsofCatherineshowthat“shedidexist”butthat“Ihavelosther”.WhenHeathclifffulfillshisrevenge,hefindsthattheprimarypleasureisnolongerwithinhim.Hebeginstogiveuphisrevenge,wantingonlytobewithCatherine.Thehumanityofhislovearisesagain,loveforCatherineerodinghislustforrevenge.InHeathcliffslife,heseesCatherinesshadoweverywhere.HeisboundtoCatherine.Theysharedonesoul,longingtobecomeoneunit.HeathcliffbecomesmoreandmoreobsessedwiththememoriesofCatherine,beginstotalkingwithherghost.Rememberinghisclimacticnightonthemoors,hefeelssohappyandanticipatesareunionwithherghost.Twoopenedsoulsbecomeone.Heathcliffsfeelingofrevengeforhislostlove,eventually,returntotheoriginalsource.Intheend,Humanityslovewinsdrivinghislifefromthispointonward.Conclusion“Inevitably,theunbridgeablegabinCatherinesandHeathcliffssocialpositionsrenderstheirferventromanceunrealizableonanypracticallevel”.（Liup77）Catherinesactionsaresostringingdrivenbyhersocialambitions,thatshebetraysherhumanity,andconsequentlyHeathcliffsloveturnstopthehate.Heathcliffbecomesaso-calledgenteelman,returnstoWutheringHeightsandcarryingoutallthecruelactsofrevenge.Nevertheless,thisloveisnatural,primitive,inner,andspiritualone.Onaccountoftheirsoulhasbeentheunitcantseparatefromeachother,nomorethantwobodies.Theemotioncantusetheculturetoexplainandalterit.Thetemporalsocialculturecompareswiththedelicatehumanity,therebyresultinginapainfulendingtothislovestory.Whenloveturnstohate,hatetwiststhehumanity.ThisprofoundavatarisshownthroughHeathcliffandCatherine.Theauthorshowsforusthestrugglebetweenhumanitysloveandsocialculture.Inlightifthisideal,today,howdowechooseourlovewhenfacedit?WorkscitedJihaiGao,WutheringHeights,YILIYilipeoplespress.2003.6JianxiLiu,WutheringHeights,TianjingTianjingtechnologytranslationpublishinghouse2003.9ZhaolinSong,WutheringHeightsprolusion,Pekingpekingyanshanpress1999.9OutlineI. introduction1.1TheloveinWutheringHeights1.2ThetwomaincharactershumannatureII.Thetemporalsocialcultureandhumanity2.1Cultureandhumanityonthattime2.2Humanitywasdispelledinacorner,socialculturewasfilledincivicbrainIII.Catherinesloveunderthesocialculture3.1Thereasonsfordeeplove3.2SocialculturewinshumanitysloveIV.Heathcliffsloveandhateproducingfromthecollisionbetweenhumanityandculture4.1HeathcliffsloveforCatherinecausesbynatureanditisunchangedandundying4.2Heathcliffshatecausesbyculturewhichisquiteincisiveandvivil4.3LoveandhateonHeathcliffwhichimportunehimself4.4HumanityslovemakesHeathclifflosingtheprimitivepleasureV.Conclusion5.1Whenloveturnstohate,hatetwistshumanity目录第一章 可行性研究报告概述11.1项目名称11.2项目承担单位11.3项目建设地点11.4可研报告编制单位11.5项目概述及主要经济技术指标1第二章 编制目的、依据、原则和范围52.1编制目的52.2编制依据52.3编制原则52.4可行性研究的范围6第三章 建设的必要性73.1符合国家“十一五”规划纲要和循环经济要求73.2环境保护和节能降耗的需要83.3企业可持续发展的需要9第四章 项目建设条件104.1主体工程概况104.2厂址选择124.3公用设施及社会依托条件12第五章 改造规模与产品方案155.1改造规模155.2生产方案15第六章 生产设备节电技改方案166.1企业能耗现状分析166.2改造设备运行参数166.3技术方案、设备方案176.4项目建议改造方案226.5消耗定额256.6小结25第七章 项目实施机构和项目法人287.1项目实施机构287.2项目法人28第八章 环境保护28第八章 环境保护29第九章 社会经济效益319.1环境效益319.2社会效益31第十章 节约和合理利用能源3310.1节能依据及标准3310.2节能设计原则3310.3能耗分析3310.4节能措施及节能效果分析34第十一章 环境安全与劳动保护3511.1安全3511.2劳动保护36第十二章 生产管理与人员编制3812.1生产管理3812.2人员编制38第十三章 项目实施进度3913.1 建设工期3913.2 项目实施时期各阶段进度建议39第十四章 项目招标方案41第十五章 投资估算及资金筹措4215.1投资估算4215.2资金筹措43第十六章 经济评价4416.1项目周期4416.2成本参数4416.3损益类参数4416.4经济评价结果45第十七章 结论4717.1结论意见及总的评价、存在的问题和建议47