状语从句讲解(1).ppt

状语从句状语从句1.时间状语从句（时间状语从句（1 1）When While As 当WhenIwilltellheraboutitwhenIseeher.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.Iwillgohomewhenhecomesback.When-当当时候时候,通常指某一特定的时间点，通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。主句与从句的动作同时发生。When-正在正在的时候，突然的时候，突然。通常主句。通常主句是是bedoing或或beaboutto或或hadjustdoneWhen也可以表示先后关系也可以表示先后关系When也可以表示先后关系也可以表示先后关系When也可以表示先后关系也可以表示先后关系Irecognizedthethiefwhen/asIpassedhim.Whenhefinishedhislecture,peoplestoodupandapplauded.IwaswalkingonthestreetwhenIcameacrossanoldfriend.Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitbegantorain.Hehadjustfinishedtheworkwhenthedoorbellrang.Wewereonthepointofdrivingawaywhenthepolicemansignedustostop.意思为既然或考虑到意思为既然或考虑到(原因状语从句原因状语从句)Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthere.Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision?Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyouhavegotsuchagoodone?Thereisnopoint（in）owningacarwhenwehavesogoodapublictransportsystem.Whyusemetalwhenyoucanuseplastic?Howcanhegetthepromotionwhenhisbossdislikeshim?whileWhile-While-在在期间，往往指一段时间。期间，往往指一段时间。WhilewewereinAmerica,wesawhimtwice.Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.While While 表示两相对比表示两相对比。While While 表示让步表示让步“尽管尽管”。WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idontagreethattheycannotbesolved.AsAs-As-一边一边一边一边,随着随着,Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic.Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.Astimegoesby,.Justas时间状语从句（时间状语从句（2 2）Not untilSince As soon as(immediately,directly)The moment/the minuteHardly when/No sooner than Every time/each time直到才自从一就一就每次，每当一就1.1.我什么都不会说，直到你让我说。我什么都不会说，直到你让我说。2.2.直到他回来，我们才开始工作。直到他回来，我们才开始工作。Iwontsayanythinguntilyoutellmeto.Wedidntstarttheworkuntilhecameback.notuntil句型中强调和倒装：句型中强调和倒装：Itwasnotuntilhecamebackthatwestartedthework.Notuntilhecamebackdidwestartthework.3.他们一看到这张照片，就笑翻了。他们一看到这张照片，就笑翻了。Theylaughedassoonastheysawthepicture.Theylaughedthemomenttheysawthepicture.4.我刚一到家就开始下雨了。我刚一到家就开始下雨了。HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.5.他刚一上去车就发动了。他刚一上去车就发动了。Hardlyhadhegotonitwhenthebusstarted.Nosoonerhadhegotonitthanthebusstarted.6.每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。EverytimeIlistentomusic,Illthinkofit.时间状语从句（时间状语从句（3 3）before It will be+一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(does)要过要过才能做才能做It will not be+一段时间一段时间+before从句从句 要不了要不了 就能做就能做It was+一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(did)过了过了做了做了It was not+一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(did)没过没过做了做了我五年后才能回来。我五年后才能回来。ItwillbefiveyearsbeforeIcameback.用不了多久他们就会互相了解了。用不了多久他们就会互相了解了。Itwillnotbelongbeforetheyunderstandeachother.五天后他才回来的。五天后他才回来的。Itwasfivedaysbeforehecameback.不久后敌人就被赶走了。不久后敌人就被赶走了。Itwasnotlongbeforetheenemywasdrivenoutoftheircountry.不久我们就动身去北方了。不久我们就动身去北方了。Itwasnotlongbeforeweleftforthenorth.再过一年你就毕业了。再过一年你就毕业了。Itwillbeayearbeforeyougraduate.用不了多久我们就会知道实验的结果了。用不了多久我们就会知道实验的结果了。Itwillnotbelongbeforeweknowtheresultoftheexperiment.过了一段时间他们才意识到事情的真相。过了一段时间他们才意识到事情的真相。Itwassometimebeforetheyrealizedthetruth.Timepassedquicklyandthreemonthswentbybeforesheknewit.时间过得飞快，她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月时间过得飞快，她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月.Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及接电话就挂了。半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及接电话就挂了。Themostdestructivenaturaldisaster,tsunami,cameunexpectedlybeforethetouristscouldleavethecoast.since自从自从以来，一般主句用以来，一般主句用完成式或完成进行时完成式或完成进行时：IhaveneverseenhimsinceIgraduated.IvebeenlearningEnglishsinceGradeThreeinprimaryschool.IvebeenfeelingdownsinceIlostmyjob.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间一段时间+sincedid:(did为短暂动词为短暂动词)自从自从以来已经多久了以来已经多久了;(did为持续动词为持续动词)不不以来已经多久了以来已经多久了Ithasbeentwentydayssincethewarbrokeout.Itistenyearssincehelivedhere.Itisthreeyearssincehesmoked.他不吸烟有三年了。他不吸烟有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehebegantosmoke.他吸烟有三年了。他吸烟有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军有三年了。他参军有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehewasasoldier.他退役有三年了。他退役有三年了。ItisyearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.好多年没玩的这么痛快了。好多年没玩的这么痛快了。注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如：IlltelephoneyouassoonasIgetthere.我一到达那里就打电话给你。我一到达那里就打电话给你。Shesaidshewouldphonemeassoonasshegotthere.她说她一到达那里就给我电话。她说她一到达那里就给我电话。Dontgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.等车停稳后才下车。等车停稳后才下车。2.条件状语从句条件状语从句ifunlessas long asin case 如果如果除非除非只要只要万一万一从句中用一般现在从句中用一般现在时代替将来时时代替将来时1._weatherpermits,wewillgototheparktomorrow.2.Youdbettertakeanumbrella_itrains.3.Isleepwiththewindowopen_itsreallycold.4._youlistentome,Illgivewhateveryouwant.IfincaseunlessAslongasIf/unless/aslongas/incaseYouwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier(ifyoudontstartearlier).如果你不早点动身如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。你就不能及时赶到那儿。Wellletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy.我们可以让你使用这个房间，条件是你把它保持整洁。我们可以让你使用这个房间，条件是你把它保持整洁。Supposinghedoesnotcome,shallwegowithouthim?如果他不来，是不是不带他去如果他不来，是不是不带他去?Hewilldotheworkprovidingyoupayhim.如果你能付费，他可以做这工作。如果你能付费，他可以做这工作。3.原因状语从句原因状语从句Because Since As Because Because 表示直接的因果关系，常放主表示直接的因果关系，常放主句后句后.回答回答Why Why 问句问句 、强调原因或有强调原因或有partly,notpartly,not修饰时修饰时 ,只能用只能用because.because.Since,as Since,as 表示众所周知的原因，常表示众所周知的原因，常放于主句前，译成放于主句前，译成“既然既然”.Since.Since 语语气比气比as as 强。强。IlearnEnglishpartly_Ilikeit._everyoneishere,letsbeginthemeeting.Itis_heishonestthathegetsthejob.becauseSincebecauseSeeingthatyourealreadyatthedoor,IsupposeImustinviteyouinside.鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。Consideringhesonlyjuststarted,heknowsquitealotaboutit.考虑到他只是刚刚开始考虑到他只是刚刚开始,他对此的了解已经不少了。他对此的了解已经不少了。Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.考虑到她喜欢孩子考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。Since/Nowthatyourenotinterested,Iwonttellyouaboutit.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。注意：注意：1.considering和和given还可用介词。如：还可用介词。如：Consideringhisage,thelittleboyreadsverywell.就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。Givenherinterestinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.考虑到她喜欢孩子考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。肯定教书是最适合她的职业。2.表示表示“因为因为”的连词不能与表示的连词不能与表示“所以所以”的的so连用。连用。如：如：因为他病了，所以没有出席会议。因为他病了，所以没有出席会议。误：误：Becausehewasill,sohedidntattendthemeeting.正：正：Hedidntattendthemeetingbecausehewasill.正：正：Hewasillsohedidntattendthemeeting.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.Hemust/maybeathomenow,forthelightison.Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththemachine,fortheenginefailedtostart.Amancannotsmilelikeachild,forachildsmileswithhiseyes,whileamansmileswithhislipsalone.结果状语从句结果状语从句SothatSuchthat 形容词形容词名词名词如此如此以至于以至于Hehasmade_greatprogressthattheteachersarepleasedwithhim.Hehad_manyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.Istudyhard,sothat/inorderthatImaynotfailintheexaminations.目的状语从句目的状语从句suchsomanymuchlittlefewTheyare_interestingnovelsthatIwanttoreadthemagain.Hewas_anhonestboythathewaspraised.Sheis_lovelyagirlthateveryonelikesher.Theboyis_youngthathecantlookafterhimself.Hehasmade_greatprogressthatteachersarepleasedwithhim.Hehad_littleeducationthathewasunfitforthejob.suchsuchsososuchsoTherewere_manypeopleinthestreetthatwecouldntgetclosetothebuilding.Heruns_fastthatnobodycancatchupwithhim._goodweather_muchmoney_handsomeboyssosoSuchSoSuchBringitcloserso(that)Icanseeitbetter.拿近一点拿近一点以便我看得更清楚。以便我看得更清楚。Ileftat6:00sothat/inorderthatIcouldcatchthetrain.为了赶上火车，我六点就出门了。为了赶上火车，我六点就出门了。Hewalkedfastforfearthatheshouldbelate.他走他走得很快，以免迟到。得很快，以免迟到。Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.你你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。Theyrisktheirlivesinorderthatwemaylivemoresafely.他们冒了生死危险使我们生活得更安全。他们冒了生死危险使我们生活得更安全。Theyaresuchwonderfulplayersthatnoonecanbeatthem.他们都是出色的运动员，没有人能战胜他他们都是出色的运动员，没有人能战胜他们。们。目的状语从句目的状语从句Sothat倒装倒装Sodarkwasitthathecouldntseethefacesofhiscompanions.Sofrightenedwasshethatshecouldntsayaword.Soloudlydidhespeakthateventhepeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Sodangerousdidtheweatherbecomethatallmountainroadswereclosed.Suchagoodstudentwashethateveryonelikedhim.考题考题1Sodifficult_ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(2006广东广东)A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound考题考题2_homeworkdidwehavetodothatwehadnotimetotakearest.(2006福建福建)A.SomuchB.ToomuchC.ToolittleD.SolittleBA让步状语从句让步状语从句Althoughheisbusy,henevermissesafootballmatch.=busyasheis,henevermissesafootballmatch.Nomatterwhatyoumaydo,doitwell.Nomatterwherelifetakesusto,juststicktoourdreams.although,though,as,while(虽然虽然),evenif/though(即使即使),whetheror(不论不论/不管不管还是还是)以及以及“疑问词疑问词+ever”和和“nomatter+疑问词疑问词”等等Although/Thoughtheyarepoortheyarehappy.虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。Thoughheisveryold,heworkshard.尽管他年老了但仍努力工作。尽管他年老了但仍努力工作。Tiredashewas,hesatuplate.他虽然疲倦他虽然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。可仍然很晚才睡。WhileIlikethecolorofthehat,Idonotlikeitsshape.虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。Illgoevenif/thoughitsnows.即使下雪我也要去。即使下雪我也要去。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.不管你信还是不信，这的确是事实。不管你信还是不信，这的确是事实。However(=Nomatterhow)tiredyoumaybe,youmustdoittoday.不管怎样累不管怎样累,你也得今天做。你也得今天做。Wherever(=Nomatterwhere)Iam,Iwillbethinkingofyou.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。不管我在哪里我都会想到你。Girlassheis,sheisbraverthanaboy.Smartashewas,hewasnotabletosolvetheproblem.Tryashemight,hecouldntgetoutofthedifficulty.Heavilyasitwasrainingoutside,theystartedoutveryearly.引导方式状语从句的从属连词有引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as(正如正如)，asif或或asthough(好像好像)等。如：等。如：DoasItoldyou.按我告诉你的那样做。按我告诉你的那样做。Asamanlives,sohedies.正如人能活，也能死。正如人能活，也能死。Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生似的。发生似的。PleasepronouncethewordthewayIdo.请照我这请照我这样样,读这个单词读这个单词.地点状语从句地点状语从句Keepitwhereyoucanseeit.把它放在你看得见的把它放在你看得见的地方。地方。Heliveswheretheclimateismild.他住在一个气候他住在一个气候温暖的地方。温暖的地方。WhereverIamlwillbethinkingofyou.我不论在我不论在哪儿，都会想你的。哪儿，都会想你的。ThechurchwasbuiltwheretherehadoncebeenaRomantemple.教堂建在曾一度是罗马神庙的地方。教堂建在曾一度是罗马神庙的地方。NexttimeIhopeyoullgowhereItellyouto.下次下次我希望你去我告诉你去的地方。我希望你去我告诉你去的地方。地点状语从句与定语从句的区别地点状语从句与定语从句的区别:在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状语在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状语从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。如：如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.(where引导引导地点状语从句）地点状语从句）你从何处来到何处去。你从何处来到何处去。Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.(where引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰village)回到你来的那个村子里去。回到你来的那个村子里去。考题考题1Mom,whatdidthedoctorsay?Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher.(2006四川四川)A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where考题考题2Inpeace,too,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp_thereishumansuffering.(2006江西江西)A.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.whereverDD考题考题3Ifyouaretraveling_thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.(2006天津天津)A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.whereD_ you decide to take up,you should try to make it a success.A.If B.Whenever C.Unless D.WhateverIll accept any job,_ I dont have to get up early.A.even though B.though C.in case D.as long as_ problems you have,you can always come tome for help.A.What B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Which-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes.I gave it to her _ I saw her.A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.onceI hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A.since B.so that C.as if D.unlessJohn plays football _,if not better than,David.A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as-What was the party like?-Wonderful.Its been years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A.after B.when C.before D.since_ he comes,we wont be able to go.A.Without B.Unless C.Except D.EvenI was watching TV _ suddenly the lights went out.A.when B.while C.as D.forTake your umbrella with you _ it rains.A.if B.as ifC.in case D.as long asThe new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_.A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving