新牛津八年级Unit4最全知识点(自己整理).doc

常州智睿教育 牛津8A-38B Unit4 Do it yourselfComic strip & Welcome to the unit 42431.instruction，n. 指示 carry out an instruction 执行命令 give instructions下达指令2. youd better （not）do sth 你最好做/不做某事，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望 Youd better read English every morning.3. say 写着（纸上，报纸上，电视，通告，海报.） The TV says that there will be a heavy rain tonight. The weather report says that its going to rain tomorrow.4. exactly，adv. 确切地，精确地 His answer is exatly right. exact，adj. 确切的，精确的 It is difficult to tell her exact age.5. stand for，代表，象征 PRC stands for Peoples Republic of China. Roses stand for love. What does the word stand for?6. repair，v. 修理 He is repairing desks and chairs in the classroom.7. instead of 代替，而不是 （sb/ sth/ doing sth) We will ask Lucy instead of Lily. Tonight I will stay at home instead of going to the cinema. * instead of 与instead的同义句转换 She went swimming instead of playing basketball. = She didnt play basketball. She went swimming instead.8. pay 付钱 （pays，paid，paying） sb pay money for sth 付钱买 She paid much money for this dress. pay sb money to do sth 付钱给某人做某事 Yesterday I paid him 20 to repair my bike. How much money will you pay him to repair your bike?9. What do you need for that? = What do you need for making paper roses?Reading 44461. be crazy about (doing) sth对.着迷 Tom is crazy about music.2. terrible，adj. I feel terrible that they didnt invite me to the party. What terrible weather it is! 3. He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake. * once，adv. 曾经，一度，be动词之后，行为动词之前；当表示过去的经验或经历时，也可放在句首 This film was once very popular, but nobody sees it now. Once he worked in the factory. 一次，一回，常用语句末 We have been there once. * put in，安装 How much does it cost to put in new windows?make a mistake 犯错误 He made many mistakes in spelling.4. have a power cut 停电5. Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water. * another time 还有一次 * put up 张贴 put up the map on the wall. * fill.with. 用.充满. He filled glasses with water. * be filled with = be full of 充满. The schoolbag is filled with books. = The schoolbag is full of bags.6. paint sth +颜色 把.涂成.颜色 I want to paint the wall orange to make me feel excited.7. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 Keep on trying, and youll be success. keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 The boss kept the workers working.8. not only. but also.不仅.而且. * 连接两个主语时，遵循就近原则，谓语动词同but also后的主语保持一致 Not only Lucy but also her parents are crazy about football. * 常用来连接两个对等的成分，also可省略 She is not only our teacher but also our friend. She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.9. advise，vt. 建议 * advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 He advised me to buy a new computer. * advise sb. not to do sth. 劝告某人不要做某事 I advised him not to eat too much. * advice，不可数n. a piece of advice10. take a course in +课程11. already，adv. 已经，一般用于肯定句中 They continued working, though it was already midnight.12.attend，vt. 经常去，定期去（某处），出席，参加 We attend the same school. Did you attend the meeting? attend the weddingGrammar 4748一、定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止的句子。二、标识：* 动词原形开头 * 用于第二人称（省略you）Go and wash your hands.三、句型：肯定句* Do sth Please open the door. * Be+表语（adj./n) Be careful. Be a good student. * Let sb do sth Let me help you. Lets go camping.否定句：* Dont do sth Dont open the door. * Dont be +表语 Dont be late again. * Dont let sb do sth/ Let sb not do sth Dont let him go. = Let him not go. * No doing sth No smoking./ No parking.四、 祈使句的回答（将来时） Dont shout here. OK, I wont.五、 祈使句反意疑问句 * 一般情况下， will you/ wont you? * Lets do sth, shall we? Let us do sth, will you?1. cut out 剪出2. one.the other（两者） Theres a shop on one side of the road and theres a bookshop on the other side another (三者及以上） from one to another3. give up sth/ doing sth give up hope give it up He gave up smoking.4. 祈使句+and/or+ 句子（将来时） Study hard, and you will pass the exam./ Study hard, or you wont pass the exam. Hurry up, or you will be late.5. start sth with sth Lets start our todays lesson with a song. 一、 should * 应该（情态动词） * should do sth / shouldnt do sth * 无人称变化 * 表示劝告、建议、义务 * 比must语气委婉All of us should join in the activity. He shouldnt be late for school again. Should we put the books on the shelf? Yes, you should./ No, you shouldnt.二、 had better * 最好 * had better do sth/ had better not do sth * 无人称变化 * 表提出建议 * 比比should语气更强烈，表命令语气 Youd better water the flowers as soon as possible. Wed better listen to the teacher carefully in class. Wed better not talk in class.三、 相似句型 Would you please do sth/ not do sth? Would you please come earlier? Would you please not make so much noise.Why not do sth = Why dont you do sth Why not go there by bus? = Why dont you go there by bus?Integrated skills 49501.mix，v. 混合 The two colours dont mix well. mix A with B 把A和B混合在一起 Mix the eggs with the flour. mixed adj. a mixed school 2. add，vt. 增加，补充 Please add some salt to the soup. He added, “Be careful.”3. cut .into. He cut the cake into small pieces. He cut the apple into two halves.4. tip，n. 提示 He always gives me some useful tips.5. fruit in season 当季水果6. such as + n. 短/doing I have some hobbies such as, swimming, running and climbing. for example, +句子 People have different hobbies. For example, I like swimming best.7. make sure，确保，查明，弄清楚，其后可接of，about，动词不定式或that从句 Make sure of it before you start out. * make sure to do sth Please make sure to finish the work on time. * make sure + (that) 句子 Make sure that you turn off all the lights before you leave.8. prepare，vt. 准备 * prepare sth for sb She prepared a nice breakfast for us. * prepare to do sth I prepare to make a big dinner. * prepare for sth He is busy preparing for the dinner.9. Some of the fruit will quickly turn brown when you leave it in the air for some time. * turn + 颜色 变得 * leave * 离开 leave Beijing for Shanghai * 留下，落下 leave him at home leave my umbrella in the library * 使.处于某种状态 leave sb/ sth + adj. / 介词短语/ v-ing leave the door closed leave the light on Dont leave the water running leave them in the dark10. some time一段时间 some times几次 sometime某个时候 sometimes有时11. stop doing sth 停止做某事 Stop talking. The teacher is coming. stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 You look tired. Why not stop to have a rest.12. correctincorrect correctlyincorrectly answer all the questions correctly13. finished adj. 完成的 My homework is finished.Study skills & Task 51531. certain 确定的 uncertain certainly（sure） * be certain that . I am certain that our team will win the match. * be certain to do Our team is certain to win the match.2. active adj. 活跃的，积极的 inactive activity She is an active girl. be active in sth 在.积极 She is active in sports. He takes an active part in school activities.3. possible，adj. 可能的 It is possible to pass the exam. Nothing is impossible. = Anything is possible.4. tidy up，整理，收拾 Its your turn to tidy up the room. * tidy，v. 收拾，整理 You should tidy your room. * tidy，adj. 整洁的，整齐的 Please keep the room clean and tidy.5. decide to do sth. 决定做某事6. keep a secret for sb/ to oneself7. wrong，adv. 错误地 do sth wrong You spelt the words wrong. My watch goes wrong. = My watch is broken.8. colour v. colour the card blue n. There are seven colours in a rainbow.9. cut out，剪出，切断 cut out a picture of colourful balloons10. complete，vt. 完成 When did he complete it? *adj. 完整的，整个的 His answer is complete. 11. stick，v. 粘住，钉住 stickstuck The stamp doesnt stick. Stick it on the cover12. paint n. 颜料，不可数13. make A from/ of B 用B制作A 14. furniture n. 家具 不可数5授之以鱼不如授之以渔！