一般将来时被动语态.doc

一般将来时被动语态
语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。本单元的语法是一般将来时态的被动语态，现就其用法归纳如下：

一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成：
1．一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：shall / will + be + done。(shall 用于第一人称；will用于各种人称) 如：
We shall be punished if we break the rule.
如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。
The new film will be shown next Thursday.
这部新电影将在下周四上映。
2．一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：shall / will + not + be + done.（可缩写成shan’t或won’t）如：
The meeting won’t be held tomorrow.
明天不再举行会议。
The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.
展览会将不会推迟到下周。
3．一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将shall / will提到主语的前面。（回答用yes或no）如：

Won’t water be turned into ice, it it is belwo freezing?
如果气温在冰点之下，水难道不会变成冰吗？
---Will the work be finished at once? ---Yes, it will.
---这项工作会立刻被完成吗？ ---是的，立刻就完成。
4．一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词 + shall / will + S + be + done。如：
When will these books be published?
这些书将在什么时候被出版？
Whom will this book be written by?
谁来写这本书？

二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成：
1．be going to be done
Some old buildings are going to be put down. 一些旧的楼房将被推倒。
The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
这个问题将不在明天的会议上被讨论。
---Are these trees going to be cut down？---Yes，they are.
---这些树将被砍倒吗？---是的，将被砍倒
2．be to be done
The sports meet is to be held on April 10.
运动会将于四月十日举行。
The machines are not to be repaired tonight.
今晚将不会修理这些机器。
---Are new textbooks to be published next week？---No, they aren’t.
新教科书将在下周出版吗？不，不是。

三、一般将来时态的被动语态的用法：
1．一般将来时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，强调表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。
The new film will be shown next Thursday.
这部新电影将在下周四上映。
A lot of athletes will be invited to Beijing.
好多运动员将被邀请到北京来。
2．在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。如：
When the dam is completed, the Changjiang River will be controlled.
当大坝竣工时，长江将得到控制。
If I am given enough time, I will go to Japan for my holiday.
如果我有足够的时间，我将去日本度假。
3．表示有固定性条件就有规律性被动结果。如：
Heated to 100·c , water will be turned into steam.
加热到100度时，水将会变成蒸气。
If you speak in class, you will be punished.
如果你在课堂上讲话，你将会被惩罚。
练习题
I. 单选：
1. These films ______ until tomorrow morning.
A. can't develop B. aren't developing C won't be developed D. won't develop
2. Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
3. —A party is going to ______ tonight. Would you like to go with me?
—I’d like to, but I have to look after my sick mother.
A. organize B. have been organized C. be organizing D. be organized
4. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______.
A. will be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken
5. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, the sports meet ______ in the playground of our school.
A. is holding B. will hold C. will be held D. is to be holding
6. The problem ______ in the coming meeting.
A. is discussed B. is discussing C. is being discussed D. will be discussed
7. The mistakes in the exercises will ______ the teacher.
Across　 B.be crossing　 C.be crossed by　 D.cross by
8. If city noises ______ from increasing，people ______ shout to be heard even at dinner.
A.are not kept；will have to　 B.are not kept；have
C.do not keep；will have to　 D.do not keep；have to
9. The sports meeting ______ .
A.is put off　 B.is to put off　 C.is to be put off　 D.puts off
10. I need one more stamp before my collection ______.
A.has completed　 B.completes　 C.has been completed　 D.is completed
11. The work ______ soon.
A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes
12. I ______ if I finish the work within one day.
A. shall be praised B. would praise C. will praise D. praise
II. 主动句变被动句：
1. We shall discuss the question at the next meeting.
2. I shall give you the book tomorrow.
3. The chairman will ask us to attend the meeting.
4. He will soon decide when we shall have the meeting.
5. If the weather permits, we will complete the works on time.
6. If you give me more time, I’ll work out the problem.
答案：
I. 单选： 1-5 C B D B C 6- 10 D C A C D 11-12 A A
II. 主动句变被动句：
1. The question will be discussed at the next meeting.
2. You will be given the book tomorrow. / The book will be given to you tomorrow.
3. We shall be asked to attend the meeing (by the chairman).
4. When we shall have the meeting will soon be decided.
5. If the weather permits, the works will be completed on time.
6. If more time is given to me, the problem will be worked out.

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