大学英语四级翻译常考句式及词组.doc

(完整word)大学英语四级翻译常考句式及词组大学英语四级翻译常考句式及词组一、常用单词组education 教育input in education 教育投入communal participation 社会参与enhance the moral awareness of 提高的思想品德professional ethics 职业道德credit system 学分制guarantee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多学科的key university 重点大学national expenditure on education 国家教育经费account for 占百分比intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备to become educated through independent study 自学成材compulsory education 普及教育preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育adult education 成人教育vocational and technical education 职业技术教育institutions of higher learning 高等学校inservice training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课record of formal schooling 学历diploma 文凭， 学历证明二、常用句型 1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say。 2、强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us。 3、”All+抽象名词”或抽象名词+itself”（very+形容词） He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime。 5、something(much）of和”nothing(little）of ”something of相当于”to some extent，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中,则为anything of ，可译为有点”，略微等.”译为毫无”，”全无”。”much of译为”大有，not much of可译为”算不上,”称不上，”little of”可译为”几乎无。something like译为”有点像，略似。” They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar。 6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物,”of”以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰”of后面的那个名词。如her old sharper of a father”，可译为：”她那骗子般的父亲”. Those pigs of girls eat so much。 7、asascan(may）be It is as plain as plain can be。 8、It is in(with）as in（with)” It is in life as in a journey。 9、”as good as相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy， that he would adopt him. 10、”many as wellas”和might as well as ”many as wellas”可译为”与其，不如,更好”，以这样做为宜”，如同，也可以等等.might as wellas表示不可能的事,可译为”犹如”，”可与一样荒唐,”与其那样不如这样的好”等等。 One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly。 11、to makeof”的译法(使成为，把当作) I will make a scientist of my son。 12、too+不定式”，not（never）too+不定式,toonot+不定式 She is too angry to speak.13、only(not, all， but， never） too to do so 和too ready (apt） + to do”结构中，不定式，凡是not”，allbut等字后+tooto,不定式都失去了否定意义,在too ready(apt） +to do”结构中，不定式. You know but too yell to hold your tongue。 14、no more than句型 A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man。 15、”not so muchas和not so much as ”结构，not so muchas”=not so much as ，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为：”与其说是毋须说是。而”not so much as”=”without（not)even，”可译为甚至还没有”。 The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it . 16、Nothing is morethan”和Nothing is so as结构,Nothing is morethan和Nothing is so as都具有最高级比较的意思，”Nothing I”可换用”no，nobody，”nowhere,little”，few，hardly，scarcely等等，可译为”没有比更为,像再没有了”，最等. Nothing is more precious than time. 17、”cannottoo”结构，”cannottoo意为It is impossible to overdo”或者，即”无论怎样也不算过分。not”可换用”hardly”,scarcely”等，”too可换用enough”，”sufficient”等 You cannot be too careful。 18、否定+but 结构,在否定词后面的”but，具有”which not，who not，that not”，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成没有不是或”都等 Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse。 19、否定+until(till）结构,在否定词no”,not”，”never，little”，few”，”seldom等的后边所接用的”until/till，多数情况下译为直到才，”要才”，把否定译为肯定。 Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried。 20、not sobut和not such abut结构,这两个结构和”否定+but”的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的”but是含有thatnot意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为还没有到不能做的程度，”并不是不,无论怎样也不是不能”等。 He is not so sick but he can come to school。 21、疑问词+shouldbut结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的事,意为nonebut,可译为”除了还有谁会”，”岂料”，想不到竟是等. Who should write it but himself？ 22、who knows but （that)和”who could shouldbut”结构，这个结构是反问形式,一般意译为多半，亦未可知等等,有时也可直译. Who knows but （that） he may go？ 23、祈使句+and”和祈使句+or结构，”祈使句+and”表示”Ifyou”，”祈使名+or表示ifnot，you。 Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school。 24、”名词+and结构,在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。 A word， and he would lose his temper. 25、”名词+and结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件,或表示时间。 A word， and he would lose his temper。26。It is not thatbut that 这不是说，而是说27.nothing else than 完全是，实在是例文What the man said was nothing else than nonsense.译文那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。 28.morethan结构有三种译法:than连接肯定形式的从句时,该从句译为否定句；在比较的基础上表示选择关系时,可译为与其说不如说；进行同类比较时,译成比更。例文The complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.译文人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革，而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的28 虚拟语气是常考点My computer must have gone wrong， because I could not boot it.三、常用短语A series of一系列，一连串Above all首先，尤其是After all毕竟,究竟Ahead of 在.。之前ahead of time 提前all at once 突然,同时 all but 几乎;除了。都all of a sudden 突然 all over 遍及all over again 再一次，重新 all the time 一直,始终all the same 仍然,照样的 as regards 关于,至于anything but 根本不 as a matter of fact 实际上apart from 除。.外（有/无） as a rule 通常,照例as a result（of） 因此，由于 as far as 。be concerned 就。而言as far as 远至，到.。程度 as for 至于,关于as follows 如下 as if 好像，仿怫as good as 和。.。几乎一样 as usual 像平常一样，照例as to 至于，关于 all right 令人满意的；可以as well 同样，也,还 as well as 除.。.外(也），即。又aside from 除。.。外（还有） at a loss 茫然,不知所措at a time 一次，每次 at all 丝毫（不),一点也不at all costs 不惜一切代价 at all events 不管怎样,无论如何at all times 随时，总是 at any rate 无论如何，至少at best 充其量，至多 at first 最初，起先at first sight 乍一看,初看起来 at hand 在手边，在附近at heart 内心里,本质上 at home 在家，在国内at intervals 不时,每隔.。 at large 大多数,未被捕获的at least 至少 at last 终于at length 最终，终于 at most 至多,不超过at no time 从不,决不 by accident 偶然at one time 曾经，一度;同时 at present 目前，现在at sbs disposal 任.处理 at the cost of 以.。为代价at the mercy of 任凭.。摆布 at the moment 此刻,目前at this rate 照此速度 at times 有时，间或 back and forth 来回地，反复地back of 在。.。后面 before long 不久以后beside point 离题的,不相干的 beyond question 毫无疑问by air 通过航空途径 by all means 尽一切办法，务必by and by 不久,迟早 by chance 偶然，碰巧by far 最,.得多 by hand 用手,用体力by itself 自动地,独自地 by means of 用,依靠by mistake 错误地,无意地 by no means 决不,并没有by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reason of 由于by the way 顺便说说 by virtue of 借助,由于by way of 经由，通过。.方法 due to 由于,因为each other 互相 even if/though 即使，虽然ever so 非常，极其 every now and then 时而,偶尔every other 每隔一个的 except for 除了.。外face to face 面对面地 far from 远非,远离for ever 永远 for good 永久地for the better 好转 for the moment 暂时,目前