八年级选词填空.doc

中小学1对1互动式教学专家智学堂教育学科教师辅导讲义学科组长/带头人签名及日期授课时间：课 题选词填空专练教学目标1、能够根据句子结构分析缺词应选用什么词性的单词，对方框内词语进行相应变形。2、能够根据句子结构，选用谓语动词或非谓语动词。3、能够根据观察句子结构，判断是否需要选用连词。重点、难点重点：理解句意，分析句子结构，选用恰当词性的单词。难点：题目给出的候选词为单词原形，而这些单词运用于短文中时需变形。考点及考试要求主要考察固定短语搭配、动词时态变形、现在分词与过去分词的使用、各词性的区分与运用等，虽涉及了初一、初二所学的所有语法点，但由于是阅读理解性质，又有相应的单词原形选择，降低了难度，经过训练可拿不错的分数。教学内容选词填空题技巧分析【做题要点】一、弄清文章大意要跳过空格，浏览全文，理解文章的大意，特别要注意读懂文章的第一句，这一句通常不设空格，它对我们理解文章的主旨起着非常重要的作用。【例】other, move, enough, find ,desert, make, use , another, friend , carry , troubleYou may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world, but it is not true. In the desert we can 1._ stones. We can see hills, too. There is a little rain in the 2._, but it is not 3. _ for most plants.The animals are 4. _ to the desert people in many ways. The desert people eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals. They use their skins to 5. _ shoes, water bags and even tents(帐篷). They use the camels(骆驼) for 6. _ things.The people of the desert have to keep 7. _ from places to place. They must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in the tents. When there is mo more food for their animals, they take down their tents, put them on the camels and move to 8. _ place. The desert people are very 9. _. No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in 10._ and give them food and water.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 二、分析句子成分通过分析句子成分弄清楚要填的词是在句中充当主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等。 主语名词、代词、动名词（V-ing）、动词不定式 谓语动词 形容词、名词前 宾语名词、代词、动名词（V-ing）、动词不定式(to do) 及物动词、介词后 定语形容词、现在分词（V-ing）、过去分词（V-ed） 状语副词、介词短语、动词不定式(to do)等 宾补形容词、动词不定式(to do)三、考虑词形变化1. 名词、代词：单数or 复数2. 动词：时态、语态、非谓语动词 ( -ing形式、不定式 ) 观察句子中有多少个动词，包括要填的词。 寻找连词。若有连词，要填的动词需与另一并列动词同形； 若没有连词，注意选择非谓语动词。 非谓语动词的选择：a. 固定搭配； b. 修饰宾语，宾语做的动作(宾补)，选用to do； c. 表目的，为了做某事，选用(in order) to do； d. 若动作是主语做的，选用动名词(V-ing)，表伴随，两个动作同时发生。四、注意固定搭配根据空格前后之间的固定搭配关系来分析。 填介词。 填动词 注意人称及时态变形。E.g. I took the loaves and went out to sell them. It t me all day, but I sold them all. 填代词： 人称代词(主、宾格)； 物主代词(形容词性/ 名词性)；反身代词。E.g. I was so proud of m . Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou,youtakebettercareofy . 特别注意一些两词分得很开的短语搭配。 如begoodat，beinterestedin，makeprogress，atleast，atmost，atlast，inthisway，payavisitto，takecareof，alotof，haveapopulationof，getonwellwith，haveaparty，givesb.sth，asksb.todosth，be/getusedto，spend.doing，so.that.等等。五、观察句子谓语动词数量观察句子谓语动词数量，判断是否需要填引导词。E.g. I made friends with many Russian children w I was living and studying there. People who sold things came past houses, ringing a bell and shouting w was for sale.六、注意语篇顺序标志连词、时间副词连词：but，however，although，or，and，because 等等时间副词：now ；then；soon ；ago ；recently ；lately ；later ；finally ；before ；early ；today ；tomorrow ；yesterday ；tonight ；suddenly ；immediately ；already等等E.g. Tests have s that total silence can be very frightening experiences. H , some people enjoy listening to pop music which is very loud, and this can do harm to their ears. F , it is very important to keep healthy. To get e sleep every day is also necessary. Try to have a healthy d . Secondly, maybe you are not the top students.七、利用上下语境就是利用上下文的意思与结构来填空，这个上下文可能是空格所处的那个句本身的前部分和后部分，也可能是空格前后的那个或那几句子，还有可能前后段落或对整篇文章的理解。有时甚至还要结合常识进行简单的逻辑推理才能准确判断出该填哪个词。E.g. Life gets noisier every day and very f people can be free from noise of some kind or another.We seem to be used to noise, too. Some people feel quite lonely w background music while they are working.强化训练【选词填空1】send , much , invent , amaze , have , look , read , picture , go , importantMy father usually travels to work with a handbag that I 1 him last Fathers Day. He put a lot of useful things in the handbag. Of all the things, he likes his notebook computer 2 because most of his work is stored in it. My father said, It is one of the best 3 in the world. Such a small object can store so much information. How 4 !Years ago, my father 5 to take lots of documents and work-related papers with him. Because he had to read them at home or on the way to work. Nine times out of ten, it is good to 6 through the notebook computer rather than 7 lots of papers. So he doesnt need to take heavy papers with him every day. Often I put some 8 of my family in his handbag. The pictures can remind him 9 home after work. They also remind him that something 10 than work is the family.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 【选词填空2】something , flower , look , if , make , why , real , house , get , sadHave you ever had a day when everything seemed to go wrong, and nothing seemed to go right ? Not too long ago, I was 1 . I told my mother all about it, hoping for some pity. Instead, she said, I heard Jamie was having a difficult day too. 2 dont you make her some cookies?I didnt 3 want to do that, but I didnt want to go back to my other problems, either. I 4 the cookies and putthem in a box. Then I made a card with some 5 on it and wrote a small note. That afternoon I went to my friends 6 . When Jamie came to the door, she 7 at me in surprise. Before she could say anything, I said, I heard you were having a hard day and decided to bring you 8 . I hope your day goes better. The look on Jamies face was one that I could never put into words. It was as 9 a dark sky suddenly, turned into sunshine. when I 10 back, I felt a lot better. That day I knew that those who brought sun- shine to others, could also keep it for themselves.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 【选词填空3】country they like family sometimes charity make away of goodEveryone _1_ gifts. Some little kids think they dont get enough gifts. Some old people think they get too many gifts. Different people like different kinds_2_ gifts. Gift giving is different in different_3_. In Japan, people _4_ give special gifts. But they are not opened. Later, the same gift may be given_5_to someone else. Many people have enough things and dont want too many gifts _6_. In the USA, some people ask their _7_ and friends to give money to _8_rather than buy them gifts. In Sweden, doing something for someone is the _9_ gift. People dont need to spend too much money. Instead, _10_ a meal is enough.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 【选词填空4】at, hard, change, up, before, win, happen, down, choose, practice, partLife is not easy, so Id like to say “When anything 1 , believe in yourself!” When I was a young boy, I was too shy to speak to anyone. My classmates often laughed 2 me. I was sad but could do nothing. Later, something happened, and it 3 my life. It was an English speech contest(比赛). My mother asked me to take 4 in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to speak 5 all the teachers and students of my school!“Come on, boy. Believe in yourself! You are sure to 6 .” Then mother and I talked about many different topics. At last I 7 the topic “Believe in yourself”. I tried my best to remember all the speech and 8 it over 100 times. With my mothers great love, I did well in the contest. I could _9_ believe my ears when the news came that I had won the first place. I heard the cheers from the teachers and students. Those classmates who once looked 10 on me, now all said congratulations to me.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 【选词填空5】how,much,safe,thank,play,be,invent,no,so,interest,must,askThomasEdisonwasagreatAmerican _1_.Whenhewasachild,hewasalways_2_questionsandtryingoutnewideas.Nomatter_3_harditwas,henevergaveup.YoungTomwasinschoolforonlythreemonths.Histeacherdidntunderstandwhyhehad_4_manystrangequestions.Mostofthemwerenotabouthislessons.TheteacherdidntwanttoteachTomany_5_.HeaskedTomsmothertotaketheboyhome.Tomsmothertaughthimtoreadandwrite,andshefoundhim_6_averygoodpupil.Helearntveryfastandbecamevery_7_inscience.Oneday,hesawalittleboy_8_ontherailwaytracksatastation.Atrainwascomingnearquiclly,andtheboywastoofrightenedtomove.Edisonrushedoutandcarriedtheboyto_9_.Theboysfatherwasso_10_thathetaughtEdisontosendmessagesbytelegraph(电报).1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 【选词填空6】as ,sleep, dream ,like ,again ,about ,think ,must ,up ,quick ,much, whyDreams(梦)maybemoreimportantthansleep.Weallneedtodream,somescientistssay.Dreamstakeupaboutonequarterofour_1_time.Peoplehaveseveral_2_eachnight.Dreamsarelikeshortfilms.Theyareusuallyincolour.Somedreamsare_3_oldfilms.Theycometousoverandover_4_.Thatmaybebecausethedreamerisworryingaboutsomething.Dreamingmaybeawayoftryingtofindananswer. Somepeoplegetnewideas_5_theirworkfromdreams.Theymayhavebeen_6_abouttheirworkallday.Thesethoughtscancarryoverintodreams.Sometimeswe wake_7_withagoodfeelingfromadream.Butoftenwecantrememberthedream.Dreamscandisappear(消失)_8_frommemory(记忆).Toomuchdreamingcanbeharmful(有害的).The9._wesleep,thelongerwedream.Themindishardatworkwhenwedream.Thatis_10_wemayhavealongsleepandstillwakeuptired.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. - 6 - 智学堂 个性化教学部