七年级英语名词.pdf

o 青一、什么是“名词”及名词的分类 二、可数名词变复数的规则 三、不可数名词四、名词所有格五、练习1、典型例题分析（J_）（Z）（3）（2、练习（）（2）名词:表示一类事物名称的词。类别 用法表示某类人或东西中的个体 个体名词例词Pen,student,desk可数名词普通名词表示若干个个体组成的集合体集体名词School,family,class物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物Tea,water,paper不可数名词抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情 等抽象概念Work,time,news专有名词某个（些）人，地方，机构等 专有的名称Marx,Shanghai,china,The GreatWall,Party返回口。赛崛爵1、一般加-S,如：maps,cars2、以s,x,sh,ch 结尾的加-es;如：dish-dishes3、以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变y为i，再加-es；如：baby-babies,family-families4、以f,fe结尾的名词，通常要变f或fe为v,再加-es;如：leaf-leaves,wife-wives,life-lives,thief-thieves;注：belief beliefs（信心）,roof roofs（屋顶）,safe-safes（保险箱），gulf-gulfs（海湾）则直接加s5、以。结尾的名词，变复数时：a.加s,如：photo photos,piano pianos,kilo-kilos,radio 一radios,zoo zoos;b.力es,如：potato potatoes,tomatotomatoes,hero heroes（英雄）日。夺朝厕座俗woman-women 妇女，man-men男人，policeman-polimen 警察child-children孩子，mouse-mice老鼠 5foot-feetW5 tooth-teeth 牙,章:要照同彬：yuan元,people人、人民,Chinese中国人，Japanese 日本 人,sheep 绵丰,deer Jish,关于“人”的象熬；中、日友好：Chinese-Chinese+fflA,Japanese-Japanese日本人英、法联邦：Englishman-Englishmen,英国男人Englishwoman-Englishwomen 英国女人；Frenchman-Frenchmen,法国男人Frenchwoman-FrenchwomenviHcA;澳、力口（真）美：Australian-Australians 5 Canadian-Canadians 5 American-Americans H丽容四周a,an到目前为止我们所学的不可数名词有：液体类（water）：juice（果法），tea（茶）cola（可乐），coffee（咖啡），,soup（汤），milk（牛奶）,肉类（meat）：beef（牛肉）,pork（猪肉）,mutton（羊肉）粉末类：bread（面包），抽象名词类：news（新闻，消息）,information（消息），money（钱），advice（建意）,friendship（友谊）,work（工作）,homework（家庭 作业）,housework（家务活）,schoolwork（学业）,help（帮助）,fun（乐 趣）,health（健康）,price（价格）食物类（food）：broccoli（花椰菜）,rice（大米，米饭）,porridge（粥），junk food（垃圾食品chocolate（巧克力）,tofu（豆腐）夺可题画溃曷画忌遨8个数单位词：piece（张、片、块、条）,容器单位词：bottle（瓶）,bag（包）,box（盒、箱）,类别单位词：kind（种、类）度量衡单位词：kilo（千克、公斤）祠施留的垓表示“（某人）的”：1sl一般在名词后加S构成。如：Jims mother 吉姆的妈妈 Myx|eacher5s desk 我老 师的桌子the dog5s name那狗的名字若以S结尾词，则在S后加.如：the boys5那些男孩的。表示几个人共同的东西，只在最后一个人后加。如：Lucy and Lilys mother。Lucy和Li ly的妈妈（两人是姐妹）表示几个人都分别有的东西，则每个都加。如：Lucys and Lilys mothers-Lucy的妈妈和Lily的妈妈（两人不是姐妹）一般用of结构来表示无生命的名词所有格：如：the door of the room 房间的门a map of China 一张中国地图the photos of my my sister 我妹妹的照片双重所宥格,例：a friend of my father classmate of min返回典型题例分析例7千列瓜祖复救名词中，泰姐都有一小带祠，情播出1.A.Chinese B.Frenchmen C.Englishmen D.Germen2.A.tomatoes3.A.desks4.A.stories5.A.leaves6.A.clothesB.photosB.AmericansB.familiesB.knivesB.monthesC.radioesC.friendsC.playsC.roovesD.potatoesD.breadsD.keiesD.shelvesD.fifths例2判断下列文哪句铎正确：,肠的漪息啊/A.What a good news it is!B What good news it is!例M单项选落What you need is more-.Dont always do your-at your desk.A.exercise；exerciseB.exercises；exersisesC.exercises；exercise例”单项追落All the-teachers andD.exercise；exercisesstudents are having a party.A women；girls B.women；girlC woman；girls D.woman；girl例5 改循 My trousers are too long,but hers is too short.例6用括号中所令劲福的话冬形式礁空；I dont think maths-(be)easy.例7单项逡落：Mabel gave me-.A.two bread B.some breads C.a piece bread D.two pieces of bread例g改若:Shall I wait for you at the schools gate at five this after-noon?例夕单项逡落；mother is a worker.A.Mary and Mikes B.Marys and MikesC.Marys ane Mike D.Mary and Mike例M单项逡落:1.After the exams,we shall have-holiday A.two months B.two-month C.alrwo-month D.a two months2.Mr Smith isA.English B.Englishman C.Englishwomanjglishmen3.Wang Lei was born in Wuhan,but Guangzhou has become hersecond-.A family B.home C.house4.Most Englist peoples family name comes-A.first B.middle C.last D.together5.There is a-over the river A.ship B.boat C.bridge D.village例 13 改循 Youd better have walk after supper.I用括号中1.The two girls are(Japaib.(baby)are asleep.勺适当形式填空:2.The3.Do you know the two(man teacher)74.The(child)are washing their(foot).5.There are two6.September 10 is(people)and lots of _(teacher)Day.(sheep)in the fields7.1 think physics(be)more interesting than maths.8.Dont you think the(radio)are too noisy?9.Whose(knife)are these?10.Whose house is this?”Its the(Smith 广.II单项选择11.The boy dropped the_and broke it.A.cup of coffee B.coffees cup C.cup for coffee D.coffee cup2.In_time,those mountains will be covered with trees，too.A.few years B.a few years C.a few year D.a few years3.Granny is badly ill.We have to take her to the_.A.farm B.post office C.ship D.hospital4.1 have_to tell you.A.a newsC.a good piece of news5.are sold in that shop.B.many newsD.many newsesA.Mens and childrens shoesC.Mens and children shoesB.Mens and childs shoes D.Man and child shoes6.If anyone comes to see me,ask him to leave a_.A.message B.letter C.sentence D.notice7.Miss Smith is a friend of_.A.Marys mothers B.Marys motherC.Mary mothers D.Mothers of Mary.8.If these trousers are too big,buy a smaller_.A.piece B.kind C.copy D.pair9.Its my_dog.A.sister Lilys B.sisters Lilys C.sister Lily D.sisters Lily10.She had beautiful black_but I could see some white_.A.hair;hair B.hairs;hairs C.hair;hairs D.hairs;hair名称总称G1靖用 复数）一个人中国人the Chinesea Chinese两个人two Chinese瑞士人the Swiss澳大利亚人the Australiansa Swissan Australiantwo Swisstwo Australiansthe Russiansa Russiantwo Russiansthe Italiansan Italian希腊人the Greeka Greektwo Italians vtwo Greeks法国人the Frencha Frenchman日本人美国人the Japanese a Japanesethe Americans an Americantwo Frenchmen two Japanese two Americans印度Athe Indiansan Indiantwo Indiansthe Canadiansa Canadiantwo Canadians德国人the Germansa Germanstwo Germans瑞典人the English an Englishmanthe Swedish a Swedetwo Englishmen two Swedes注意:与 man和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women。如：an Englishman,two Engl 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans7.名词放在可数名词复数前的有：*y（许多），few（很少），afew（一些），放在不可数名词复数前的有:much（许多），little（很少），alittle（一些）（可数、不可数前）都可放的词有：alotof,lotsof（许多），some（一些）z有一哙名祠，其复教彬式嘴时可表求需 电：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼5义4辂尾，仍名单破的名相，4：a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。b.news是不可数名词。c.the United States,the United Nations（联合国）应 视为单数。d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也 可视为单数。The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事书。注：物主代词不可与 a,an,this,that,these,those,some,any,several,no,each,every,such,another,which等词一起前置，修饰一个 名词，而必须用双重诉有格。公式为：a,an,this,that+/诩唾+名词性物主代词。如：a friend of mine.each brother of his._返回复合名词应该属于一种构词法。之所以把它放到名词来讲，是因 为复合名词首先它也属于名词，而且很多都是由名匐+名词构成。通过它可以加深我们对名词的理解，扩大我们的词汇量。如:river bank河岸，江岸 winterclothes冬季服装kitchentable厨房用的桌子复合名词的意思一般都是构成词的意思而得出的。例如 winterclothes就是winter冬天+clothes衣服二冬季衣服。不仅仅名词+名词=新名词。复合名词还可以由其他方法构成。例如，名词+动名词：weight-lifting举重；动名词+名词：dining room餐厅，食堂等等例M单项逡落:1.After the exams,we shall have-holiday A.two months B.two-month C.alrwo-month D.a two months2.Mr Smith isA.English B.Englishman C.Englishwomanjglishmen3.Wang Lei was born in Wuhan,but Guangzhou has become hersecond-.A family B.home C.house4.Most Englist peoples family name comes-A.first B.middle C.last D.together5.There is a-over the river A.ship B.boat C.bridge D.village例 13 改循 Youd better have walk after supper.6.If anyone comes to see me,ask him to leave a_.A.message B.letter C.sentence D.notice7.Miss Smith is a friend of_.A.Marys mothers B.Marys motherC.Mary mothers D.Mothers of Mary.8.If these trousers are too big,buy a smaller_.A.piece B.kind C.copy D.pair9.Its my_dog.A.sister Lilys B.sisters Lilys C.sister Lily D.sisters Lily10.She had beautiful black_but I could see some white_.A.hair;hair B.hairs;hairs C.hair;hairs D.hairs;hair注：物主代词不可与 a,an,this,that,these,those,some,any,several,no,each,every,such,another,which等词一起前置，修饰一个 名词，而必须用双重诉有格。公式为：a,an,this,that+/诩唾+名词性物主代词。如：a friend of mine.each brother of his._返回复合名词应该属于一种构词法。之所以把它放到名词来讲，是因 为复合名词首先它也属于名词，而且很多都是由名匐+名词构成。通过它可以加深我们对名词的理解，扩大我们的词汇量。如:river bank河岸，江岸 winterclothes冬季服装kitchentable厨房用的桌子复合名词的意思一般都是构成词的意思而得出的。例如 winterclothes就是winter冬天+clothes衣服二冬季衣服。不仅仅名词+名词=新名词。复合名词还可以由其他方法构成。例如，名词+动名词：weight-lifting举重；动名词+名词：dining room餐厅，食堂等等