Module2Unit1talesoftheunexplained.doc

Module 2 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained
一、重点单词与短语：
1. tale n.“故事，传说”[c] ，指传说或带有童话性质的故事。
a fairy tale 童话
辨析：与story的区别
1)story n. “故事，小说，情节”，指真实或虚构的故事。
short stories 短篇小说
2. missing adj. “不见了，失去了，失踪的，下落不明的”。强调应该有而缺少，在句子中作表语、定语或补足语。
A word is missing here. 这儿缺了一个单词。
I’ve found the missing book. 我找到了丢失的那本书。
I found the book missing. 我发现那本书不见了。
辨析：与lost，gone 的区别
1)lost“失去的，丧失的，丢失的”，含有遗失，不易找到的意思，另有“迷路的，迷失的”之意，作定语或表语。
a lost chance/pen 失去的机会/钢笔
lost youth 失去的青春
My pen is lost. 我的钢笔不见了。
2)gone “不见了”，只作表语。
My watch is gone. 我的手表不见了。
典题赏析：
1)Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _____since the flood hit the area last Friday.
A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
3. puzzle vt. 使迷惑，使为难，使窘迫
n. 迷，游戏，难题 [c]
▲puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的，莫名其妙的
▲puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的，困惑的
典题赏析：
1)Facing the _____situation, the sales manager looked 【11长沙模拟】
A. puzzling; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling
C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling
2)The patient’s illness _____the doctor because he couldn’t find the cause.
A. frightened B. interested C. puzzled D. confused
4. step n. 脚步，脚步声；步幅/子；台阶，梯级；阶段，步骤，措施 [c]
vi. 跨步，行走；踩 （on）
①step by step 一步步的，逐步
②in step with 和…步调一致；跟上
③out of step 步调不一致
④watch one’s step 留心脚底下；走路小心
⑤mind one’s step 小心行事
⑥take steps to do sth. 采取措施干某事
⑦step up 加紧，加强，促进
⑧step down 放慢，辞职，下台
⑨step in 干涉；介入
step aside 走到一边去；避开
典题赏析：
1)The rules must be _____; there will be much more trouble appearing.
A. stepped B. stepped out C. stepped up D. stepped in
2)We all write _____, even when there’s not much to say.
A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less
5. search n./vi./vt. 搜索，搜寻，搜查
①search sb. 搜某人的身
②search sth. 搜寻某物
③search for 寻找
④search after 找寻，追求
⑤search…for… 为寻找…而搜寻…
⑥search into 调查，追究
⑦search out 找出，查出
⑧in search of 寻找
⑨in one’s search for 寻找
⑩make a search of/for 搜寻，搜查
They are searching the thief. 他们正在搜那位小偷的身。
They are searching his office. 他们正在搜查他的办公室。
They are searching for the lost girl. 他们正在寻找那个迷路的女孩。
They searched the woods for the lost girl. 他们搜寻森林寻找那个迷路的女孩。
典题赏析：
1)They _____the thief but found nothing.
A. searched for B. searched after C. searched D. searched out
2)I looked everywhere _____my glasses.
A. searching B. searching for C. in search of D. B&C
3)Eventually, the President had to leave office _____public pressure in order to ease the tension of the situation.
A. in search of B. in response to C. in return for D. in honour of
6. go link-v. “变为，变成，处于…状态”，可接某些形容词作表语，表示状态的改变，常指有好变坏。
①go missing /wrong/bad /angry/crazy/mad/hard/hungry/blind/deaf/lame
不见了/出差错/变坏/生气/发疯/变硬/挨饿/变瞎/变聋/变瘸
②go from bad to worse 每况愈下
vi. 用副词作状语，意为“进展”。
③go badly/well/slowly 进展不顺利/好/缓慢
7. due adj. 应付的，到期的；预期的，预定的，约定的；适当的
The rent is due tomorrow. 房租明天该付了。
The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow. 他应得的工资明天付给他。
A great deal of money is due to him. 要付给他一大笔钱。
I am due to speak next Monday. 我预定下周一讲话。
in due time 在适当的时候
due to
①“因为，由于”, 作表语、状语或定语，不可位于句首，其中to为介词；
His illness was due to bad food. 他生病的原因是因为食物不好。
The flight was cancelled due to the heavy fog. 由于大雾，航班被取消了。
The accident due to careless driving is terrible. 由于粗心驾驶导致的事故是可怕的。
②“到期的，预期的，预定的，约定的”，作表语或定语，其中to为不定式。
Her book is due to be published in May. 她的书预定五月出版。
They are due to help us next week. 他们约定下周帮助我们。
The meeting, due to be held this afternoon, is put off. 预定今天下午举行的会议被取消了。
辨析：与because of, on account of, as a result of, owing to, thanks to的区别
1)because of, on account of, as a result of作状语，位于句首或句中。
2)owing to, thanks to作表语或状语，位于句首或句中。
Because of the heavy rain, we are late. 因为大雨，我们迟到了。
We finished the task on time, thanks to your timely help.
幸亏你及时帮忙,我们才按时完成了任务。
The fire is owing to their carelessness. 大火是由于他们的粗心大意。
典题赏析：
1) _____his being late again, he lost his job and had to stay at home.
A. Due to B. Owe to C. As result of D. Because of
2)The policeman said the accident _____careless driving, so a lot of money _____be paid by the driver.
A. due to; has due to B. was due to; was due to
C. is due to; has due to D. is due to; was due to
3)The sports meet, originally _____be held last Friday, was finally delayed because of the bad weather.
A. due to B. thanks to C. owing to D. according to
8. witness n. 目击者，证人 [c]
vt. 目击，见证
①a witness to/ of… …的目击者/证人
②witness to sth. 为某事作证
③witness to doing sth. 为干某事作证
典题赏析：
1)—How can you prove you aren’t connected with this accident?
—I have two _____.【11南通模拟】
A. judges B. friends C. witnesses D. facts
2)The police found the witness _____the murder.
A. to B. in C. at D. with
3)He witnessed to the man enter the building.
A. see B. seeing C. having seen D. have seen
9. assume vt. 假定，认为
①assume sb. to be… 认为某人是…
②assume that… 假定…
▲assumption n. 假定，假设
③on the assumption that… 假设， 假如，如果
▲assuming conj. 假设， 假如，如果
Assuming it rains tomorrow, I won’t go there. 如果明天下雨，我就不去那儿。
10. construction n. 施工，建筑物 [u]
①under construction 在建设中
▲constructor n. 建造者，造船技师
▲construct vt. 建造，构建
11. occur vi. 发生；出现；浮现（occurring，occurred）
①(sth.) occur to sb. 某人突然想到…（=hit/strike）
“我突然想起了一个好主意”。有以下几种译法：
A good idea occurs to me.
A good idea hits me.         
A good idea strikes me.
I hit on a good idea.
I strike on a good idea.
②It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起干…。
It occurs to sb. that…
It occurred to me to close the window. 我突然想起要关窗户。
It occurred to me that he was jealous. 我突然想起他是在嫉妒。
辨析：occur，happen，chance，take place, come about与break out
1)occur 正式用语，指偶然发生；另外还有“突然想起”。
2)happen 常用语，指偶然发生，强调突然性。
3)chance  正式用语，指碰巧发生，偶然发生。
4)take place 指经过安排有计划的发生。
5)come about往往注重事情发生的原因，常与how连用。
6)break out  指战争，火灾，瘟疫等突然发生。
典题赏析：用以上词填空
1)The July Seventh Incident ____ in 1937.
2)The May 4th Movement ____ in 1919.
3)We shouldn’t allow such things to____ again
4)How did it ____ that the man was dismissed?
5)She ____ to be in the park when I was there.
6)A big fire ____ in Shanghai last year.
7)It ____ to me that he was lying.
8)I ____along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____. 【06安徽】
A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred
C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred
9)It never occurred to me ____you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
【10陕西】
A. which B. what C. that D. if
12. show up 出现，露面
①show off 展示，炫耀
②show over 到某处看看/逛逛
③show the way 做示范，树立典范
④show sb. around sp 带领某人参观某地
⑤show in  领某人进来
⑥show out 把某人送到门口；送某人出去
典题赏析：
1) ____ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. 【08陕西】
A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
13. happen vi. （偶然）发生；碰巧（后接不定式或从句）
①happen to sb. /sth. 某人/ 某物怎么啦
②happen to do sth. 碰巧干某事
③It (so) happens that… 碰巧…
④happen on/upon 巧遇，偶然发现
The story happened in 2003. 这个故事发生在2003年。
A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。
What happened to the dog? 那条狗怎么啦？
I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.
昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。
It happened that he had to attend a meeting that afternoon.
碰巧那天下午他不得不参加一个会议。
She happened on a friend of hers in the street. 在大街上，她遇到了她的一位朋友。
典题赏析：
1)“What happened ____ you, Tom?” asked her mother.
A. with B. on C. to D. of
2)It ____ that I had no money with me.
A. occurred B. happened C. took place D. came about
14. aboard adv./prep. 在（轮船、飞机、火车等）上；上（轮船、飞机、火车等）
①aboard the ship/the plane/the train 在轮船/飞机/火车上
②go aboard the ship/the plane/the train 上轮船/飞机/火车
15. research n. 研究  [u]，可与不定冠词连用，也可用复数形式，但通常不与many或数字连用。
①do/make/carry out (a) research on/in/into… 对…进行研究
vi./vt.  研究 
He is researching into the problems. 他正在研究那些问题。
He is researching the problems. 他正在研究那些问题。
▲researcher n. 研究人员
16. injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害，损害 [c/u]
▲ injure vt. 伤害，损害
injure one’s pride/reputation/an arm 伤害某人的自尊/损害某人的名誉/伤了一只胳膊
▲injured adj. 受伤的
①be injured 受伤
②the injured 伤者
17. possibility n. 可能性 [u/c];  可能的事 [c] (反：impossibility)
①There is a possibility of/that… 有可能…
There is a possibility of our getting there in time. 我们有可能及时到达那儿。
There is no possibility that any of us will ever forget. 我们绝没可能忘记。
▲possible adj.  可能的，可能发生的，潜在的 (反：impossible)
②as…as possible 尽可能…
③do one’s possible 尽力，竭力
④if possible 如果可能的话
▲possibly adv. 可能地；也许，或许
典题赏析：
1) ____ is no possibility ____ Bob can win the first prize in the match. 【01上海春】
A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether
2)We’re considering ____ .
A. if it was possible to do the job ourselves
B. the possibility of doing the job ourselves
C. the possibility to do the job ourselves
D. possibly to do the job ourselves
18. charge n. 负责，掌管 ；费用，价钱
①in charge of 掌管，负责
②in the charge of 由…掌管/负责
③take charge of 掌管，负责
④free of charge 免费
vt. 使充电；要价；控告；攻击
⑤charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控某人（干）某事；因（干）某事而控告某人
⑥charge sb. money for (doing) sth. 因（干）某事向某人索价多少钱
⑦charge for 为…收取费用
⑧charge at/towards/into 对…进行攻击
The police charged him with careless driving. 警察指控他粗心驾驶。
The hotel charged me 200 yuan for a room for the night. 那家酒店一晚一个房间要我200元。
How much do you charge for your eggs? 你的鸡蛋要多少钱？
19. case n. 案子，案件；情况，状况；实例；病例；箱子，盒子；框子，架子 [c]
①in case 假使，免得，以防（万一）（可引导句子或单独使用）
②in case of 假使…，万一…，如果发生…
③in any case 无论如何；总之
④in no case 决不（位于句首，使用倒装。）
⑤in the case of 就…来说；至于…
⑥in this/that case 既然是这/那样
⑦case history  病历；个人历史
⑧case study 专题研究；案例研究
⑨as the case stands 事实上
⑩as is often the case 经常是这种情况
as the case may be 根据实际情况
典题赏析：
1)You may refer to your dictionary ____ difficulty.
A. in the case of B. in case of C. in any case D. in no case
2)Whatever she says, ____ is often the case, you shouldn’t take it too seriously.
A. it B. what C. which D. as
3)The Americans are faced with a terrible financial crisis, which is found to be the ____ in many other countries.
A. thing B. condition C. matter D. case
20. make up 编造，捏造；组成，构成；化妆，打扮；占；和解，和好；弥补
①make up for 弥补（用其他方式）
②make out  理解，弄清楚；辨认出
③make over  转让，移走
④make off  逃走
⑤make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通
⑥make use of 利用
⑦make fun of 取笑
⑧make a choice 做出选择
⑨make one’s way (to)前往，到…去
⑩make room for 给…腾出地方
make up one’s mind 下定决心
make ends meet 量入为出
make it 成功
be made up of 由…组成/构成
be made of  由…制成（能看出原材料）
be made from 由…制成（看不出原材料） 
be made in+ 地点/时间  在…制造
be made out of +原材料  由…制成/改制而成
be made into+产品 被做成…
be made by被…制造  
典题赏析：
1)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ____ most of her day.
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
2)American Indians ____ about five percent of the US population. 【08浙江】
A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up
3)Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and ____ jokes. 【05江苏】
A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up
4)The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to ____.【03北京春】
A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over
5)—When shall we start?
—Let’s ____ it 8:30. Is it all right? 【02北京】
A. set B. meet C. make D. take
6)It’s said that the new Chinese panda coin ____ 99.9% gold.
A. is made up of B. is made out of C. is made in D. is made into
7)This kind of paper ____ grass and the bridge ____ stone.
A. is made of; is made from B. is made from; is made of
C. is made up of; is made of D. is made out of; is made into
21. amazing adj. 令人惊奇的，令人惊叹的
▲amazed adj. 惊异的，惊奇的
▲amaze vt. 使惊奇，使惊愕
▲amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕，惊叹 [u]
①to one’s amazement 使某人惊奇的是
辨析：surprise，astonish与amaze的区别
1)surprise “使吃惊，使惊奇,”最常用词，意思较弱。
2)astonish “使大吃一惊”（=surprise greatly）
3)amaze“使惊奇，使惊愕，”含惊叹，佩服之意。
22. dismiss vt. 不予考虑；解雇；解散；摒弃，抛弃
①dismiss sb. for (doing) sth. 因（干）某事而解雇某人
②dismiss sb./sth. from one’s mind 试图忘记某人/某事
③dismiss sb. from the post 免某人的职
④dismiss a class 下课
▲dismissal n. 打发，免职，解雇，开除
▲dismissive adj. 打发走的，瞧不起的
23. look into  往…里面看；调查，检查，研究
①look at 看；看待，对待；考虑，研究
②look after  照看，照顾
③look for 寻找
④look round  环顾，向四周看
⑤look on  旁观     
⑥look back on 回顾，回想
⑦look through  浏览
⑧look up 查找  
⑨look up to 尊重，敬佩
⑩look down on /upon 轻视，瞧不起
look on…as… 把…当作…
look forward  to 期盼
look out (for) 小心，当心
典题赏析：
1)It’s reported that the police will soon ____ the case of the two missing children. 【09江西】
A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out
2)I have a short memory. I have to ____ my phone book every time I want to make a call.
A. look up B. look at C. look through D. look for
3)No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ____ you wishing they were that high. 【10安徽】
A. getting rid of B. getting along with C. looking up to D. looking down upon
4)—____for the glass!
—It’s OK. I’m wearing shoes. 【04湖南】
A. Look out B. Walk out C. Go out D. Get out
24. as well “也”，用于肯定句末，无逗号隔开。
He is a teacher as well. 他也是位老师。
辨析：与too，also，either的区别
1)too用于肯定句末，有逗号与前面的句子隔开。
He is a teacher, too. 他也是位老师。
2)also用于肯定句中。
He is also a teacher. 他也是位老师。
3)either用于否定句末，有逗号与前面的句子隔开。
I’m not a teacher and he isn’t, either. 我不是老师，他也不是。 △might/may (just) as well “最好…还是…的好，不妨”，后接动词原形。
The weather was so bad that we might (just) as well stay at home.
天气是如此的糟糕，我们还是呆在家里为好。
△(It's )just as well (…).“幸亏，幸而；无妨；没关系”。
—We were too late to see the film. 我们去得太晚了，没有看上电影。
—Just as well. I hear it isn't very good. 不必遗憾，我听说电影也不怎么样。
I'm sure I was right. It is just as well I didn't lend him the money.
我相信我是对的，幸亏我没有借钱给他。
as well as
①和…一样好
She sings as well as Mary does. 她唱歌和玛丽一样的好。
②以及，既…又…；不但…而且…
He gave me clothes as well as food. 他既给我食物又给我衣服。
③除…之外
He translated many books as well as writing. 除了写作，他还翻译了许多书。
注：
1)当其连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词是根据前面的主语来确定的。
He as well as I is right. 不但我对而且他对。
2)当连接两个动词时，as well as 后面的动词要用动名词的形式。
She sings as well as dancing. 她既跳舞又唱歌。
3)当as well as 连接两个不定式时，后面的那个不定式应省略to。
You can’t expect him to do housework as well as look after children.
你不能指望他既照看孩子又做家务。
辨析：as well as 与not only...but also...区别
1)as well as 强调前者；连接并列主语时，应根据其前的主语来确定谓语动词；连接两个动词时，其后的动词要用动名词形式。
He as well as I is right. 不但我对而且他对。
She sings as well as dancing. 她不但跳舞而且唱歌。
2)not only...but also...强调后者；连接两个并列主语时，应根据后一个主语来确定谓语动词；连接两个动词时，前后用相同的动词形式。
Not only I but also he is right. 不但我对而且他对。
She not only sings but also dances. 她不但唱歌而且跳舞。
典题赏析：
1)他也（不）是位音乐家。
He is ____ a musician.
He is a musician ____.
He is a musician, ____.
He isn’t a musician, ____.
2)They play all kinds of instruments and sing ____.
A. also B. either C. as well D. as well as
3)Tom, ____ Jane and Rose，____