环境专业英语.doc

环境：environment环境工程：environmentalengineering环境保护：environmentalprotection环境意识：environmentalconsciousness/awareness环境问题：environmentalissue/problem环境效应：environmentaleffect环境污染：environmentalpollution环境要素：environmentalelements环境因子：environmentalfactors环境化学：environmentalchemistry环境生态学：environmentalecology环境质量：environmentalquality环境自净作用：environmentalself-purification/self-cleansing水环境：watershed水体：waterbody 流域：watershed水质：waterquality 水资源：waterresources供水：watersupply废水：wastewater 水处理：watertreatment 物理性水质指标：physicalindicateofwaterquality水污染物：waterpollutant生物性水质指标：biologicalwater-qualityindex水质标准：waterqualitystandard化学性水质指标：chemicalwater-qualityindex物理处理：physicaltreatment过滤：screening生物处理：biologicaltreatment沉淀：sedimentation化学处理：chemicaltreatment气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemicaltreatment蒸发：evaporation稀释：dilution 扩散：dispersion吹脱：stripping好氧处理：aerobictreatment生物膜法：bio-membraneprocess厌氧处理：anaerobictreatment生物滤池：tricklingfilters活性污泥法：activatedsludgeprocess生物接触氧化：biologicalcontactSBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯StyreneButadieneRubberUASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflowanaerobicsludgeblanket活性污泥：activatedsludge改进型：modification一级处理：primarytreatment二级处理：secondarytreatment三级处理：tertiarytreatment高级氧化处理：advancedtreatment生活污水：domesticwastewater 生产废水：industrialwastewater城市生活污水：municipalwastewater 电镀废水：metalplatingplants印染废水：pulpandpaperindustrieswastewater浊度：turbidity硬度：hardness水质净化：waterqualitypurifies混凝沉淀：coagulateflocculatingagent活性炭吸附：activatedcarbonadsorption隔油池：oilseparationtank中和池：neutralizationtank 调节池：adjustingtank生物反应池：biologicalreactor 加药设备：physicalequipment沉淀池：sedimentationtank 初沉池：primarysedimentationtank二沉池：secondarysedimentationtank 絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulateflocculant 生物降解：biodegradation生物累积：bioaccumulation 飘尘：floatingdust可吸入颗粒物：inhalableparticles能见度：visibility酸雨：acidrain一次污染物：primarypollutant二次污染物：secondarypollutant氮氧化物：nitrogenoxides硫氧化物：sulfuroxides硫化氢：hydrogensulfide碳氧化物：carbonoxides 硝酸：nitricacid盐酸：hydrochloricacid 硫酸：sulfuricacid二氧化硫：sulfurdioxide除尘工艺：Dustremoval 吸收：absorption吸附：adsorption静电除尘：electricdustprecipitation重力除尘：gravitationalsettling 臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemicalsmoke喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging土壤：soil热污染：temperaturechange/thermalpollution 噪声：noise放射性：radioactivity EIA：environmentalimpactassessmentCAD（计算机辅助设计）：computeraideddesign 大气污染控制工程：airpollutioncontrol水污染控制工程：waterpollutioncontrol 固体废物污染控制工程：solidwastemanagement污染源：pollutionsource 同化作用：assimilation固体废物：solidwastes危险废物：hazardouswastes 化学污泥chemicalsludge 生物污泥：biologicalsludge工业固废：industrialwastes分选处理：separationtreatment矿业固废：minesolidwastes 破碎处理：processing 农业固废：agriculturesolidwastes压实处理：reductioninvolume 污泥脱水：disposalofthesludge 污泥浓缩：sludgethickening 带式压滤：Beltfilterpress 离心脱水：centrifugaldewatering 筛分：screening 沼气和沼气化：biogas堆肥和堆肥化：compostandcomposting 生物转化作用：biotransformation热解与焚烧：pyrolysisandincineration 热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical 固化和稳定化作用：solidificationand stabilization资源化：resource减量化：pollutioncontrol无害化：harmlessness 物质转化：materialconversion固体废物全过程控制：solidwasteintegratedcontrol固体废物污染控制：solidwasterpollution 处置：disposal物质回收：materialsrecoverycontrol固体废物处理：processingandrecovery能量回收：energyrecovery能量转化：energyconversionenvironmentalscience环境科学environmentalengineering环境工程wastereduction废物减量化airpollutioncontrol大气污染控制wastewatertreatment污水处理solidwastetreatmentanddisposal固体废物处理与处置soilerosion水土流失thermalpollution热污染biologicalcommunities生物群落ecosystem生态系统greenscienceandtechnology绿色科技和技术primarypollutant:一次污染物secondarypollutant:二次污染物carbondioxide:二氧化碳methane:甲烷fossilfuel:化石（矿物）燃料powerplant:电厂hydroelectricpower:水力发电cleanenergy:清洁能源renewableenergy:可再生能源automobileexhaust(emission):汽车尾气greenhouseeffect(gas):温室效应（气体）airpollutioncontrolengineering:大气污染控制工程cyclone:旋风除尘器pressuredrop:压力损失，压力降 baghouse:袋式除尘器operatingtemperature:操作温度 spraytower:喷淋塔sanitarylandfill:卫生填埋municipalwastewater=sewage=domesticsewage=sanitarysewage:市政污水，生活污水pointsource:点源 non-pointsource:非点源（面源）pretreatment:预处理primarytreatment:初（一）级处理secondarytreatment:二级处理tertiaryoradvancedtreatment:三级处理，深度处理tricklingfilter:滴滤池activatedsludge:活性污泥barrackorscreen:格栅gritchamber:沉砂池equalizationtank:调节池primarysettlingtank:初沉池 secondarysettlingtank:二沉池sustainabledevelopment:可持续发展recyclingeconomy:循环经济thesourcesandsinksofpollutants:污染物的源与汇aerationtank:曝气池aerator:曝气池，曝气器sedimentationtank:沉淀池disinfection:消毒eutrophication:富营养化oxidationditch:氧化沟aerobicdecomposition好氧分解anoxicdecomposition缺氧分解anaerobicdecomposition厌氧分解hydraulicretentiontime:（水力）停留时间fluegas:烟气biodegradable:可生物降解的refractory:难降解的（常用）nondegradable:不可降解的acousticalmaterial:声学材料soilconditioner:土壤改良剂extremetemperature:极端温度environmentalquality:环境质量 EnvironmentalQualityStandardsforSurfaceWater地表水环境质量标准AmbientAirQualityStandards环境空气质量标准EnvironmentalQualityStandardsforNoise声环境质量标准缩略词：EIA:EnvironmentalImpactAssessment,环境影响评价SS：SuspendedSolid悬浮物BOD：BiochemicalOxygenDemand生化需氧量COD:ChemicalOxygenDemand化学需氧量TOC:TotalOrganicCarbon总有机碳WWTP:WastewaterTreatmentPlant污水处理厂SBR:SequencingBatchReactor序批式反应池RBC:RotatingBiologicalContactor生物转盘SRT:SludgeRetentionTime污泥龄（污泥停留时间）EPA:EnvironmentalProtectionAgency环境保护署ISO:InternationalStandardizationOrganization国际标准化组织EMS:EnvironmentalManagementSystem环境管理系统RS:RemoteSensing遥感GPS:GlobalPositioningSystem全球定位系统GIS:GeographicInformationSystem地理信息系统TSP:TotalSuspendedParticulates总悬浮颗粒物