高级英语第三版第二册1—6课修辞.doc

Lesson1
1 The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor
2 They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile
3 It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once they was a focus.—metaphor
4 The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile
5 Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration 6 When E.M. Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor
Lesson2
1 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence
2 A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present, transferred epithet
3 Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche 4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism
5 Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence
6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simile
Lesson3
1 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been
passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to

which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration
2 Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any
burden, meet any hardship, suppor any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance
3 United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we
can do, for we dare not meet a power ful challenge at odds and split asunder. —antithesis
4 …in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up
inside.—metaphor
5 Let us never negotiate out of fear , but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression
6 All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion, climax
7 And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do
for your country.—contrast, winding
Lesson4
1 Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor 2 Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—metaphor, hyperbole
3 Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis
4 What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody
5 This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement 6 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor, extended metaphor
Lesson5
1 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting‖ sheik‖ , and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖ and the ―drug-store cowboy‖.—transferred epithet 2 Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by
some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor
3 War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor
4 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitation our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor
5 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy
6 Their energies had been whipped up and their naive destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had “made the world safe for democracy‖.—metaphor
7 After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and‖ Puritanical‖ gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche
8 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor
9 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where‖ they do things better.‖—personification, metonymy ,synecdoche
Lesson6
1 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge. —paregmenon
2 The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people
off from humanity.—transferred epithet
3 So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and
luxurious, that shut out the world. —synecdoche, metaphor