《运动解剖学》-肌学.pdf

JL学Myology第一部分 头肌The Muscles of Head鼻肌撷大肌降口角肌降下唇肌颈阔肌帽状腱膜图3-8A头肌（前面）枕额肌额腹眶部睑部提上唇鼻翼肌提上唇肌 撅大肌 领小肌提口角肌腮腺导管颊肌咬肌图3-8B头肌（侧而）头肌包括 面肌和咀嚼肌图3-8B头肌（侧面）图3-8A头肌（前面）头颈部右侧面的肌肉面肌The facial muscles1、颅顶肌额腹枕腹帽状腱膜2、眼轮匝肌35 cclli.-纯“c，1Aps-一1 W i I HUMMJ Eii士-A?I 口；3、口周围肌颊肌 口轮匝肌份口、I*)insr;urfnagfius 一一interna-位上上鼻 z/M.Inv?tora0gle v；满丰上玷&/A.ei N.,M.VbCu内 3td.z A.argPOrali$、树疫H突N*M.s:ernix：hPlexus brdchi?s工月卜业龄!ZIU5O2lll F力k K.irarfiir Hi M.digs川 cluJ下旗古什机 M.irytoh/cd、舌曹舌M nyokcss 王先再甘弘 M.l/kiy、舌襦l A.hrjr.jai、,1动A.hrynjg!wM卷上再 thyroid 2出 M Ur、俄nA C0 x IIEg、M.Oft L/cnfe 加骨舌，M!；UrJ帽状腱膜颁大肌降口角肌降下唇肌颈阔肌提口角肌腮腺导管颊肌咬肌图3-8A头肌（前面）枕额肌额腹眶部睑部提上唇鼻翼肌提上唇肌 薇大肌 颁小肌睑裂睑部1眼轮匝肌 眶部女向前翻开）图3-9眼轮匝肌泪部与泪囊的关系咀嚼肌he masticatory muscles1、咬肌2、颍肌3、翼内肌4、翼外肌蒯深动脉Galea aponeurotica%I;ea mediaN印驰神经N.aunculotemporalisI脉aralis superficialisAa.temporales profundae 额腹（也额肌）/Venter frontalis naior 脉litalis一一 质动脉 naxillans”posterior肌glossus 一上牙槽后动脉 A alveolaris supe 翼外肌M.pterygoideu*镯动脉和趣神,A.buccalis et 翼内肌 fc M.pterygoid“舌神经N hnguali：J.唇,A.labiT-A.，下-N.前，Ver（hTS M.帽状腱膜枕额肌额腹二:腹肌后腹头央肌 斜方肌胸锁乳突肌颜肌眼轮匝肌眶部 眼轮匝肌脸部咬肌降下超肌 二腹肌前腹提上唇肌颊肌、腮腺管图3-8B头肌（恻面）图3-1 0翼内肌和翼外肌下颌舌骨肌 二腹肌前腹舌骨 甲状舌骨肌 肩胛舌骨肌上腹 胸骨舌骨肌 胸骨甲状肌第二部分颈肌The Muscles of Neck胸锁乳突肌茎突舌骨肌咬肌二腹肌后腹舌骨舌肌头夹肌胸锁乳突肌眉胛提肌斜方肌中斜角肌前斜角肌肩胛舌骨肌卜腹图3T2颈肌（侧而）面神经颈肌可分为颈浅 肌和颈外侧肌、颈 前肌、颈深肌三群锁骨上神经顿支枕小神经耳大神经副神经颈横神经颊支 下颌缘支头颈部右侧面的肌肉、血管和神经(1)Muscled blood and nerves of the right latera 1 aspect of the headneck(1)图3-11颈阔肌（恻而）I颈浅肌he superficial group颈阔肌The platysma为一皮肌起自胸大肌和三角肌表面的筋膜，向上止于口角 作用：拉口角向下，并使颈部皮肤出现皱褶图3-12颈肌（便面）胸锁乳突肌The sternocleidomastoid起自胸骨柄前面和锁骨的胸骨 端，止于颗骨的乳突作用：一侧肌收缩使头向同侧 倾斜，脸转向对侧；两侧收缩 可使头后仰II颈前肌j jhe anterior group1.舌骨上肌群二腹肌 下颌舌骨肌 茎突舌骨肌 颈舌骨肌2.舌骨下肌群the infrahyoid muscles胸骨舌骨肌 肩胛舌骨肌 胸骨甲状肌 甲状舌肌肌Infrahyoid and Suprahyoid MusclesCricothyroid m.Sternohyoid m.Sternothyroid m.Thyrohyoid m.Digastric m.Omohyoid m.Ill颈深肌】jhe deep cervical muscles1.外侧群lateral group前斜角肌 scal enus anterior 中斜角肌 scal enus medius 后斜角月几 scal enus posterior斜角肌间隙Scal ene fissure:前、中斜角肌与第1肋之间 的空隙有锁骨下动脉和臂丛通过2.内侧群medial group颈长肌颈椎中斜龟肌斜角肌头外侧直肌二 头前直肌后斜角肌 斜方肌、中斜角肌前斜角肌T第三部分躯干肌The Muscles of Trunk聊聊鬲酬一、背肌The Muscles of Back(-)背浅肌1、斜方肌Trapezius位于项部和背上部浅层起自上项线、枕外隆凸、项韧带、第7颈椎和全部胸椎棘突止于锁骨的外侧1/3、肩峰、肩胛 冈作用：使肩胛骨向脊柱靠拢，上部 肌束可上提肩胛骨，下部肌束使肩胛骨 下降。如果肩胛骨固定，一侧肌收缩使 颈向内侧屈、脸转向对侧，两侧同时收 缩可使头后仰。瘫痪：“塌肩”胸锁乳突肌斜方肌三角肌听诊三角背阔肌头半糠肌头央肌一肩胛提肌冈上肌菱形肌.冈卜肌 小网肌大圈肌 前锯肌鼻背阔肌Latissimus dor脚腰笳腰浅U 腹外斜肌腰下三角为全身最大的扁肌位于背的下半部及胸的后 外欣！起高谶爨爆麟、崎镰喳后部止于肱骨小结节崎作用：使肱肌内收、旋内和后伸血酗等脊肌腹内斜肌H 3-16背肌臀中肌髀大肌下后锯肌竖脊肌 erector spinae也称舐棘肌为背肌中最长、最大国 肌起自麻骨背面和骼尾后部，沿途止于椎骨和肋骨，向上可到达颗骨乳突作用：使脊柱后伸和仰 头，一侧收缩使脊柱侧 屈胸锁乳突肌背肌3、肩胛提肌 levator scapulae位于项部两侧、斜方肌的 深面起自第6、7颈椎横突止于肩胛骨上角作用：上提肩胛骨，并使 肩胛骨下角转向内。头半糠肌头央肌胸锁乳突肌科方肌;二卷脚腰筋腰浅丛_、鹫瓶*僧4、菱形肌 Frhomboideus位于斜方肌的深面起自第6、7颈椎和第1-4胸椎棘突止于肩胛骨的内侧缘作用：牵引肩胛骨向内上并向脊柱靠拢肩胛提肌冈上肌 菱形肌W卜肌 小网肌 大国肌 前锯肌电膏肌腹内斜肌臀中肌瓣大肌肌下后锯肌(-)背深肌-位于脊柱两侧，分 为长肌和短肌-长肌位置表浅，主 要有竖脊肌和夹肌-短肌较多，有枕下 肌、棘间肌、横突 间肌、肋提肌等。二、胸肌The Muscles of Thorax(-)胸上肢肌1 V胸大肌起自锁骨内侧半、胸骨和第肋软 骨,止于肱骨大结 节崎.图378胸肌作用：使肩关节内收、旋内和前屈 adducts and medially rotates arm2、胸小肌起自第35肋骨 止于肩胛骨的喙突。作用：拉肩胛骨向前下方胸然乳突肌I前锯肌Serratus anterior起其上8个或9个 肋骨止于肩胛骨内侧缘 和下角作用：拉肩胛骨向 前和紧贴胸廓损伤：“翼状肩”前锯肌前锯肌肋间外肌 肋间内肌图3T9前锯肌（二）胸固有肌 肋间外肌:助呼吸 肋间内肌：参与呼气 肋间最内肌 胸横肌图379前锯肌三、膈 Diaphragm分部:胸骨部:起自剑突后面肋部：起自下6对肋骨和肋软骨腰部：以左、右两个膈脚起自上2-3个腰椎各部肌纤维向中央移行于 中心腱中心腱肋司口食管裂孑L腰部-:孔：主动脉裂孔T12有主动脉和胸 导管通过食管裂孔T10有食管和迷 走神经通过腔静脉孔T8有下腔静脉 通过右脚-腰小肌中探方川LF腔静脉-的总动脉输尿管-乙状结肠主动脉裂孔拽主动脉-腰大肌腹横肌腹内余斗肌腹夕卜斜肌皤肌脐胱腔静脉裂孔E动脉裂孔胸骨部椎间盘肋部腰部-腹动脉Ganglia coeliaca-胸肋三角-腰肋三角-腰疝则弓状韧带、【arcuatum medialex恻弓状韧带、.arcuatum laterale、方肌 quadratus lumborum右 脚Crus dextrum（腰大肌M.psoas major if骼腹F神经N.ihohypogastricus x循腹股沟神经 N.ilioinguinalisK 腰神经恃 Ganglia lumbalia腰小肌M.psoas minor、骸 肌 M.iliacus、生殖股神经股支R.femorahsn.genitofemoralis-生殖股神经生残文R.genitalisn.genitofemoralis-外斜肌融膜）oneurosis m.obliqui-ct erni abdominis型股沟即带Lig.inguinale_股静脉 V.femoralis i囊前神经i.scrotaies anteriores 中心IB!Centrum tendn食管裂孔/Hiatus esopha主动脉裂孔磬/Hiatus aortici.左 脚Crus sinistrurr叨下抑经 IL N.subcostahs，身腹横肌 1/M.transversuabdominis联股外侧皮神经 ,N.cutaneusfemorislatera大隐静脉V.saphena magna腰 flft/Truncus干 lumbc股 zN.神经femoralis孔神经 obturatoriuPlexus sacralit1|腹股沟物带/Lig.inguinale/./二.耻骨联合3 万股深动脉A.profunda f股动脉A.femoralis作用:膈为主要的呼吸肌，与腹肌同时收缩，则能增加腹压，协助排便、呕吐、咳嗽、喷嚏及分 娩等活动则弓状韧带 arcuatum mediate xGanglia coeliaca、方肌quadratus I umborum右 脚Crus dextrum腰大肌M.psoas major腰神经胃Ganglia lumbalia生殖股神经股支 R.femoralis n.genitofemoralis外斜肌st膜)oneurosis m.obliquicternt abdominis股动脉A.femoralis腰小肌M.psoas minor播 肌 M.iliacus、股 V.静脉femoralis-大隐静脉.V.saphena magna 中心腕 Centrum tendn食管裂孔Hiatus esopha左 脚Crus simstrurr叨下神经N.subcostahs腹横肌M.transversuabdominis股外制皮种经 N.cutaneusfemoris latera腰瓶干 Truncus lumbc股神经 N.femoralis闭孔神经 N.obturatoriu丛Plexus sacralij耻骨联合/Symphysis put见腹肌The Muscles of Abdomenr腹外斜肌r前外侧群腹内斜肌 腹横肌:腹直肌I后群f腰方肌：腰大肌:二）前外侧群腹外斜肌浅层，以8个肌齿起自下8 个肋骨的外面止于 骼崎前部和腹股沟 韧带，移行为腹股 沟韧带。胸M.前M.serratus anterior前皮支(肋间神经)R.cutaneus anterior(Nn.intercostales 外侧皮支(肋间神经)R.cutaneus lateralis(.ohyoideus ter inferior)锯肌股静脉 V.femoralis-大肌 pectoralis major腹外斜肌腱膜Aponeurosis m.obliqui ext erm abdominis至腹壁F静脉之支 Branch to v.epigastriinferior乳晕静脉丛、Plexus venosus areol峋腹壁好脉、Vv.thoraco epigastric至附脐静脉之支Branch to vv.para-uml腹壁浅静脉V.epigastrica superfi旋幅浅静脉V.circumflexa ilium superficialis人隐脩脉V.saphena magna结构：腹股沟韧带inguinal ligament 腔隙韧带（陷窝韧带）lacunar ligament 耻骨梳韧带pectineal ligament-腹股沟管浅（皮下）环 superficial inguinal ring-腹内斜肌obliquus internus abdominis起自胸腰筋膜、骼崎和腹 股沟韧带外侧1/2。后部肌 束止于下位3个肋骨。结构：-腹股沟镰或联合腱 inguinal falx conjoint tendon提睾肌ternus abdominisones tendineaenmorteriornajorminisiQgastricus状肌pyramidahs精索-Funiculus spermatii(股沟神经 iliomguinalis*睾肌I.cremaster三角 M.del肱二头肌M.biceps brachii腹横肌 _M.transversus abd(号状线、Linea arcuata肋间神经Nn.intercostales腹壁F动脉A.epigastrica infenernus abdominis白 线Linea alba腹壁上动脉.A.epigastrica super拧 腹直肌鞘，后层-Vagina muscuh rect abdominis(Laminoneurosis m.obliqui-d ct erni abdominis腹股沟带Lig.inguinale._ j股静脉 V.femoralis-G前抻经I.scrotales anteriores-火隐.静脉V.saphena magna-恨 以Plexus sacralii股深动脉 A.profunda f詈股动脉v A.femoralis左 脚Crus simstrun肋下神经N.subcostahs腹横肌 M.transverseabdominis股外厕皮神经 N.cutaneus femoris latera腰瓶干 Truncus lumb(股神经 N.femoralis闭孔神经N.obturatoriu腹股沟初带Lig.inguinale耻骨联合,Symphysis pul食管裂乱/Hiatus esophsA 主动脉裂孔 Hiatus aortici腰 h肌肌位于腹后壁，在 脊柱两侧起自骼崎后部，止于第12肋和第1-4腰 椎横突作用：下降和固定第12肋，并使脊柱侧 屈侧弓状勃借5.arcuatum laterale、18腹股沟神经N.ilio-inguinalis.鹿仲经WGanglia lumbalia则4状防带.arcuatum medialex生姬股神经生加太R.genitalis n.gemtofemoralis外斜肌胸腹 toneurosis m.obliqui(term abdominis腹股沟带Lig.inguinale腹股沟韧带Lig.inguinale耻骨联合,Symphysis pul股 M干*Truncus lumbc第四部分四肢肌The Muscles of Limbs&上肢肌-上肢肌分 为上肢带 肌、臂肌、前臂肌和 手肌一、上肢带肌The Muscles of Shoulder三角肌Deltoid冈上肌supraspinatus冈下肌InfraspinatusLevator s小圆肌Teres minor大圆肌Teres major肩胛下肌subscapularis机 deus三角肌Deltoid冈上肌supraspinatus冈下肌Infraspinatus小园tilans肌Teres minor 3“八大园肌Teres majorus dorn肩胛下肌subscapularis三角肌deltoidlateral 1/3 of the clavicle,acromion and spine of scapula deltoid tuberosityxabducts,flexes adducts r extends&medially rotatesScapula HumerusTeres majorTRICEPS BRACHII:Long headLateral hMedial headANCONEUSUlna一Radius肩月甲下肌subscapularisulansdorsahsadducts&medially rotates lesser tubercleus dor siThe subscapular fossa“，A“/一忱肌腱袖dorsalisdor siLevator(deusRHOMB(Thoracolum fascia二、臂肌(-)前群The anterior group肱二头肌Biceps brachii 喙肱肌Coracobrachialis肱肌Brachialis肱二头肌Biceps brachiithe short head arises from the coracoid processjhe long head from the supraglenoid tubercleradial tuberosityflexes shoulder and elbow&supinates hand喙肱肌Coracobrachialis flexes and adducts肱肌Brachialis flexes（二）后群 The posterior group肱三头肌Triceps brachiilong head arises scapula medial&lateral heads from humerus。inserts on ulna extends elbow long head extend&adduct shoulder jointsANCONEUSUlna一Radiusfascia三、前臂肌-）前群 The anterior group第一层The first layer：肱梗肌 Brachioradialis旋前肌 Pronator teres园槎侧腕屈肌 Flexor carpi radialis 掌长肌 Palmaris longus 尺侧腕屈肌 Flexor carpi ulnaris肱肌前臂前面的肌肉（1）第二层 The second layer：指浅屈肌Flexor digitorum superficialis第三层 The third layer指深屈肌Flexor digitorum profundus拇长屈肌Flexor pollicis longus肱肌肱三头肌第四层 The 4th layer旋前方肌Pronator quadratus前臂前面的肌肉（2）前臂前群狭向尺 肱横旋前横腕屈 掌长指浅尺屈腕 拇长指深深方居L浅深屈指 肌腱止点Pisidon of flexor cis longusTendon of flexor digitorum superficialis)NENS POLLICISJCTOR-ICIS BREVISDR ICIS ISICTOR ICISidon of flexor torum profundus”I/Fle)ABC FLE OPI ADC DO LUh PAL腕管OPPONE DIGITI MINIMIPronator quadratusFlAB；Carpal tunnelnovial)sheath:PhalangeICTORICIS BREVISDRICISISICTOR ICISdon of flexor cis longusidon of flexor torum profundusdigitorum superficialisFLE MINIMIOPI sllMI BREVISADI MINIMIDO CIS(cut)LU卜 PAL（一）后群 The posterior groupI浅层he superficial layer挠侧腕长伸肌Extensor carpi radialis longus 楼侧腕短伸肌Extensor carpi radialis brevis 指伸肌 Extensor digitorum 小指伸肌Extensor digitorum minimi 尺侧腕伸肌Extensor carpi ulnaris尺侧上副动静脉-慝嘴皮下毒一指深屈肪-尺侧腕屈肌一尺神经-尺神经手背支尺趴尺侧腕屈肌-一肱三头肌腱-i报长展肌-也侧腕长伸肌-肘肌一指伸肌-由侧腕短伸肌一小指伸肌桃神经浅支-拇长伸肌腱肱桃肌拇短伸肌T申肌支持带前臂的肌肉、血管和神经（后面观1）楼侧腕长伸肌Extensor carpi radialis longus楼侧腕短伸肌Extensor carpi radialis brevis指伸肌Extensor digitorum小指伸肌Extensor digitorum minimi尺侧腕伸肌Extensor carpi ulnarisBRACH ICMedial eEXTENSCRADIALIS-Triceps biOlecranorANCONEEXTENSCEXTENSCTencEXTENSC BREVISEXTENSC DIGITI MlFLEXOR ULNARISFLEXORPROFUNEXTENSCFAD IA I：ABDUCTt LONGUSLateral ep of humertT endon o carpi ulnaExtensorTendon of extensor digiti minimiTendons of extensor digitorum深层 The deep layer旋后肌 supinator拇长展肌 actor pollicis longus拇短伸肌 extensor pollicis brevis 拇长伸肌 extensor pollicis longus 示指伸肌 extensor indicisEXTENSOF POLLICIS LONGUSEXTENSOF INDICISTendon of pronator terSUPINATOindidsossei梭侧腕长与腕短指伸小指尺伸深层旋后拇长展 拇短拇长示指兜尺侧腕伸肌-小指伸肌尺侧上副动静脉-尺神经肘肌-尺侧腕屈肌-指深屈肌指伸肌-一林三头肌腱小晓肌-梳侧腕长伸肌-快侧腕短伸肌-旋后肌一骨间后神经阕间后动静脉捣长展肌-桃神经浅支-拇长伸肌腱前臂的肌肉一 rm管和袖绎（后面刘12）Cross-Section Through ForearmMEDIALTRICEPS BRACHII(LONG HEAD)TRICEPS BRACHII(MEDIAL HEAD)UlnarPOSTERIORBasilic vein Median nerve BICEPS BRACHII:SHORT HEADLONG HEAD Cephalic veinLATERALTRICEPS BRACHII(LATERAL HEAD)Radial nerveHumerusCoracobrachialisBRACHIALISMusculocutaneous nerveSuperficial fasciaSkinANTERIOR If I am looking down onto this section is it from right or left arm?三、手肌）外侧群1、拇短展肌abductor pllics brevis2、拇短屈肌flexor pollicis brevis深以图3-28手册（看而观蚓状肌手掌面的肌肉用3-28手机（普面观3、拇对掌肌 opponens pollicis骨间掌侧肌-小指展肌一小指对掌肌-小指短屈肌-尺动脉掌深支一尺神经浅支尺动脉、尺神经深支一一骨间背侧肌-掌心动脉-加收肌加短屈肌一拇短展肌-阴对掌肌-相长屈肌腱-指深屈肌腱一指浅屈肌腱掌深弓一4、拇收肌手掌的肌肉、血管和神经（3）adductor pollicisMuscles of hand拇短展日 拇短屈肌(-)内侧群1小指展肌abductor digiti minimi2、小指短屈肌flexor digiti minimi brevis3、小指对掌肌opponens digiti minimi蚓状肌手掌面的肌肉弟深屈肌膑深层图3-28手机（萌而观蚓状肌-（-）中间群1、蚓状肌 lumbricales2、骨间掌侧肌 palmar interossei3、骨间背侧肌小指对掌肌-尺动脉、小指展肌-一 二小指短屈肌一二尺动脉掌深支一尺神经浅支掌深弓7 尺神经深支-i骨间掌侧肌-十手拿的肌肉、血管和神经（3）dorsal interossei骨间掌侧肌蚓状肌骨间背侧肌Muscles of hand肢肌-下肢肌可分 为髓肌大腿肌 小腿肌 足肌一、髓肌（一）前群1、骼腰肌 iliposoas2、腰小肌 psoas minor3、阔筋膜张肌金肌 i股薄肌tensor fasciae latae耻甘肌假骨M做韧带股内侧肌腹股沟韧带图3-31澈肌、Iliopsoas骼腰肌composed of two muscles,psoas major腰大肌 and iliacusit肌 psoas major arises from the transverse processes and vertebral bodies of lumbar vertebraIliacus arises from the iliac fossa。Inserts into the lesser trochanter flexes and laterally rotates Tensor fasciae latae阔筋膜张肌(-)后群The posterior group*_臀大肌Gluteus maximus 臀中肌Gluteus medius 臀小月JI Gluteus minimus 梨状月JlPiriformis 闭孔内肌Obturator intemus月殳方月JlQuadratus femoris 闭孑L夕卜月JI Obturator externus臀大月几 Gluteus maximus 臀中肌Gluteus medius 臀小月JlGluteus minimus 梨状肌Piriformis 闭孔内肌Obturator mtemus股方 flit Quadratus lemons闭孔外肌Obturator extemus臀大肌Gluteus maximusdorsal portion of the iliac ala and the dorsal surface of sacrumExtends and laterally rotates梨状肌 Piriformis卷the front surface of the sacrum the greater trochanter Laterally rotates图3-33梨状肌和闭孔内、外肌梨状肌上孔 梨状肌下孔图3-33梨状肌和闭孔内、外肌二、大腿肌腰大肌4监肌腰小肌腹股沟韧带-大腿肌分为前群、后群和内侧群。阔筋膜张肌十 耻骨肌+-缝匠肌十勿乙Il k/肌 Xl i股薄肌刖群股外侧肌 股宜肌储胫束一股内侧肌缝匠肌 sartorius股四头肌quadriceps femoris做韧带依?I it，小图3-31做肌、大腿肌前群缝匠肌Sartorius播from the anterior superior iliac spinethe medial surface of the upper part of the shaft of tibiaFlexes the hip and knee股四头肌Quadriceps femorishas 4 heads:股直肌Rectus femoris arises from the anterior inferior iliac spine3 heads arise from femurTibial tuberosityall act to extend the knee.Rectus femoris also flexes the thigh内侧群_耻骨肌 pectineus长收肌adductor longus短收肌 adductor brevis股薄肌gracilis大收肌adductor magnus图 3-34口腰肌弋 耻骨肌一 长收肌一收肌腱裂孔一肌 收大外肌肌 肌孔收薄 W闭长股 耻，二TENSOR SARTOR RECTUSF（深发）大收肌腱P殳三角和 攵肌管后群股二头肌 biceps femoris。The long head arises from the ischial tuberosity,the short head from the lineaasperathe head of fibula extend hip&flex knee半膜肌semimembranosus半腱肌semitendinosus图3-32臀肌和大腿肌后群 Cross-Section through ThighBICEPS FEMORISPOSTERIOR-SEMITENDINOSUSCOMPARTMENT SEMIMEMBRANOSUSMEDIALADDUCTORMEDIAL-BREVISCOMPARTMENT GRACILISADDUCTOR JLONGUSADDUCTOR MAGNUSDeep fasciaANTERIORSciatic nerveGluteus maximusSkinFemurSuperficial fasciaFascia lataLATERALVASTUSLATERALISVASTUSINTERMEDIUSVASTUS L ANTERIORMEDIALIS COMPARTMENTRECTUSFEMORISSARTORIUS十 Femoral arteryTransverse plane Femoral vein三、小腿肌刖群图3-36小胭肌前群和外侧群胫骨前肌 tibialis anterior趾长伸肌 extensor digitorum longus 星母长伸肌 extensor hallucis longusEXTEI DIGIT-FLEX(LONGPEROPEROEXTEh HALLl Calcar tendon FibulaEXTEh HALLL EXTEh DIGITCMetata外侧群腓骨短肌胫骨前肌第三腓骨肌伸肌下支持带腓骨头 腓肠肌 比hi鱼肌 腓什氏肌图3 36小腱肌前群和外侧群腓骨长肌peroneus longus 腓骨长短肌peroneus brevisplantarflex and evert the ankle joint山“心后群浅层小腿三头肌Triceps suraeconsists of two muscles腓肠肌 gastrocnemius比目鱼肌soleusgastrocnemius arises femurflexes knee and ankle soleus arise from leg flexes ankle深层旦肌 popliteus胫骨后肌 tibialis posterior趾长屈肌 flexor digitorum longus夥母长屈肌 flexor hallucis longusflexing ankle joint&toes股二头肌腓肠肌比目鱼肌比目鱼肌腓母短肌跟腱膊肠肌腓骨长肌屈肌-支持带半腱肌膜肌 缝匠肌腱腓骨长肌 一胫骨后肌 得长屈肌 趾长屈肌股二头肌“肌 腓肠肌 外侧头-胭肌比目鱼肌胫骨后肌腱 趾长屈肌跖肌半膜肌腓骨短肌内踝 胫替后肌魏图3-37小腿肌后群小腿前畔肌有三 i 母 趾长伸胫舟前 外侧腓时长短肌主晏作用是外神 后群浅层三头肌 止于跟骨成跟腱 旦 母 趾长屈能屈足 胫时后肌可内翻小趾短刷肌跑短屈肌小跑展肌足底艇队跟骨结力外偏突园长屈肌腱 骨间肌腱 滑收肌 趾长屈肌鹿 跚短屈肌 第1蚓状肌腓骨长肌腱T足底方肌足底长韧带TH足舟竹跟骨教距突强及屈肌蹈收肌 蹲展肌 跚短同肌 第1、2 蚓状肌足底长韧带腓骨短肌腱 腓骨长肌51A一科短屈肌那收肌横头 限收肌斜头内侧楔付足舟骨 距骨头 胫骨后肌腱图378足底肌JL