新托福写作03-05基础段.pdf

T新托福写作03&04&05基础段6父母对孩子高标准严要求是因为他们爰自己的孩子.Parents have high standards for their chil dren because they l ove their chil dren.7地铁作为一种改善公共交通的方式，我建议它每天24小时运营。As a way to improve publ ic transportation,I suggest running the subway 24 hours a day.8有些人说，青少年犯罪对青少年的心理成长不是必须的。Some peopl e say teenage del inquency is not necessary for the mental devel opment of adol escents.9我想与我所有的同学建立融洽的关系。I want to have a cl ose rel ationship with al l of my cl assmates.10在韩国文化中，人们通常不为活着的人修建纪念碑。In Korean cul ture,peopl e usual l y do not buil d a monument to a l iving person.Page 211有依赖性的孩子通常在情感上过于依赖他们的父母。Dependent chil dren are often too emotional l y attached to their parents.12我们有责任将我们好的价值观传递给我们的孩子。It is our duty to pass on our good val ues to our chil dren.13信仰某种宗教，你必须打心底里遵守该宗教的教义。In order to practise a particul ar rel igion,you have to obey the rul es of that rel igion from the bottom of your heart.14除非你向学生展示出领导才能，否则你无法成为一名好老师。You cannot be a good teacher until you show l eadership skil l s to you students.15我认为人们在一个地方扎根之前不得不住在不同的地方。In my view,peopl e have to l ive in different pl aces before putting down their roots in one pl ace.Page 316人们倾向于对同一群体的成员友好。Peopl e tend to be hospitabl e to a member of their group.17如果你住在郊区，你就会有很多了解你的邻居的机会。If you l ive in a surburban area,you wil l have a l ot of chances to know your neighbors.18儿童通常从幼儿园开始培养他们的社会技能。Chil dren usual l y buil d their social skil l s for the first time in kindergarten.19在试图从家人那里获得帮助前，你应该试着在没有他们的帮助下自己做。Before trying to gain the support of your famil y,you shoul d try to do without their hel p.20如果拜访一下朋友的邻居，你可能会更好地了解你的朋友。If you visit a friends neighborhood,you may understand your friend better.Page 43、词汇使用的丰富性1）托福写作的十四大功能语汇2）托福写作的六大主题词汇give weight to/give stress to/attach importance to3、表示“强调”place weight on/put emphasis on写作的十四大功能语汇4、表示“赞同”一 approve of/vote for/stand by5、表示“反对”disapprove of object to be opposed to造句-1、观点我认为，在生活中，健康像空气和水一 样重要。2、重视 地方政府要重视特殊儿童教育的问题。（特殊儿童：exceptional children）4、反对有人认为，在当今社会，金钱就是一 切。我强烈反对这种观点。造句-1、观点我认为，在生活中，健康像空气和水一 样重要。In my point of view,health is as important as air and water in my life.As短语总结：as busy as a bee as blue as sky as black as coffee as evil as a devil as pure as an angel as deep as ocean as strong as a horse造句2、重视 地方政府要重视特殊儿童教育的问题。The local government should give weight to the issue of exceptional childrens education.造句4、反对 有人认为，在当今社会，金钱就是一 切。我强烈反对这种观点。Someone assumes that money means everything in the modern society.I am strongly opposed to the view.6、表示“努力”make every effort to many efforts should be made tospare no effort to 7、表示“建议”suggest/advance/put forward/due to/owing to/9、表示“决心”be determined tomake up ones mind to be convinced to10、表示“结论”Sb.may come to a conclusion that.Sb.may arrive at a conclusion that.Sb.may reach a conclusion that.T造句-6、努力各行各业的人们都要努力抵制假货泛 滥。Tips:各行各业的人们people from all walks of life 抵制：resist;假货：fake commnriitiM泛滥：r;造句-9、决心 我决心资助两名失学儿童。10、结论 因此，我们可以得出结论：自信在工作 面试中很必要。造句6、努力各行各业的人们都要努力抵制假货泛 滥。People from all walks of life should make every effort to resist rampancy of fake commodities.造句-9、决心我决心资助两名失学儿童。I make up my mind to finance two drop-out students.造句-10、结论因此，我们可以得出结论：自信在工作 面试中很必要。Therefore,we may come to a conclusion that confidence isessential in a job interview.11、表示“坚持”：adhere to insist on坚持主张 persist in 坚持12、表示“打算”mean to dointend to do attempt13、表示“认识到”be aware of be conscious of realize14、表示“不同”Differ from.in.be different from.vary in，.造句一 11、室持如果我们相信某件事情是值得做的，就应该B r 坚持去做。12、打算我打算在暑假做一份兼职。13、认识到 现在，越来越多的人意识到用科学的态 度对待生活和工作的重要性。11、坚持如果我们相信某件事情是值得做的，就 应该坚持去做。If we believe that something is worthwhile,we should persist inpursuing it.12、打算我打算在暑假做一份兼职。I intend to take a part-time job during the summer vacation.13、意识到 现在，越来越多的人意识到用科学的态 度对待生活和工作的重要性。Currently,people in increasing numbers have been aware of the importance of scientific attitudes towards life and work.2、托福写作的六大主题词汇1）教育2）科技3）社会问题4）环境5）文化6）道德语言的丰富变化1、简单句的五种结构2、并列句的公式3、三大主从复合句1、简单句的五种结构 主+谓 主+谓+宾主+谓+宾+宾主+谓+宾+宾补 主系表1、主+谓Time flies!2、主+谓+宾Time proves all!3、主+谓+宾+宾Time gives us experience!4、主+谓+宾+宾补Time makes us smart!5、主+系+表Time is money.3.1-./简单句+2、并列句的公式并列连词+简单句T1、政府可以对私家车主增加税款,并列句造句一或者它可以发展公共交通。2、快餐不会取代传统食物，印刷书籍也不会被电子书籍取代。并列句造句1、政府可以对私家车主增加税款，或者 它可以发展公共交通。The government may levy tax on the private cars owners,or it may develop the public transportation.3V r 并列句造句2、快餐不会取代传统食物，印刷书籍也 不会被电子书籍取代。Fast food will not take the place of traditional food,nor will P-books be replaced by E-books.3、复合句1）名词性从句2）定语从句3）状语从句简单句英语的三种基本句式并列句复合句Ty托福句式的重点复合句写作名词性从句（主、宾、表、同）复合句定语从句 状语从句I 宾语从句用来表达观点。I think that I love you.主谓宾All parents assume that their children should not follow the superstars steps blindly.The majority of scientists on space believe that exploring space is of great benefit to humanrace.UK|宾语从句造句：1、很多人认为，那些著名运动员不应该得到 那么高的工资。2；经济学家认为，世界经济与原油价格密切 相关。3、大学生们认为，应该在四级考试中举行口试。4、HR专家认为，自信在面试中至关重要。5、年轻人们觉得跳槽是一件司空见惯的事 II 情。宾语从句造句：1、很多人认为，那些著名运动员不应 该得到那么高的工资。A great number of people assume that those prestigious athletes should not deserve such high salaries.宾语从句造句:2、经济学家认为，世界经济与原油价 格密切相关。The economists believe that the world economy is closely connected with oil price.3、大学生们认为，有必要在四级考试 中举行口试。College students hold that it is essential to take a spoken English testinCET-4.4、HR专家认为，自信在面试中至关重 要。Experts on HR insist that confidence is of great importance in the interview.5、很多年轻人们觉得，跳槽在当今社 会是一件司空见惯的事情。Many youngsters hold that jobhopping is a common practice in the modern society.亮点句式It从句：公式：It+be+a/an+名词+that lt+be+形容词+that.It+be+过去分词+that.bf be+a/an+的+that.It is a pity that.It is a shame that.It is a fact that.It is an honor that.It is my belief that.造句：1、有些年轻人不愿意赡养年迈的父母，这是，一件令人遗憾的事情。2、我相信这些孩子在灾难之后会回到校园。1、有些年轻人不愿意赡养年迈的父 母，这是一件令人遗憾的事情。It is a pity that some youngsters are unwilling to support their aged parents.2、我相信这些孩子在灾难之后会回到 校园。It is my belief that those children will go back to their schools after the great disaster.EJj|It+be+形容词+that It is likely that.It is obvious that.It is strange that.It is fortunate that.It is natural that.造句：1、每个人都要爱别人和被别人爱，这是很自 然的。2、幸运的是，这个国家的每一位成员都愿意 帮助深陷困境的人。1、每个人都要爱别人和被别人爱，这 是很自然的。It is natural that everyone should love others and should be loved by others.2、幸运的是，这个国家的每一位成 员都愿意帮助深陷困境的人。It is fortunate that every member in this country is willing to help those people in trouble.It+be+过去分词+thatIt is reported that.It is said that.It is believed that.It must be pointed out that.造句：1、据报道，这个超级巨星有成百万的疯 狂粉丝。2、必须指出的是，养宠物可以培养孩子 的责任心。造句:1、据报道，这个超级巨星有成百万的疯 狂粉丝。It is reported that the super star has millions of crazy fans.造句:2、必须指出的是，养宠物可以培养孩子 的责任心。It must be pointed out that caring for pets can give children a sense of responsibility.状语从句:1、时间 when,while,as,2、地点 where3、JMHI because,as,for,since4、结果 so.that.,such.that.状语从句：5、it/yalthough,though6、条件 if,unless7、目的 in order that，so that.8、比较（不作要求）9、方式（不做要求）4状语从句造句实战1、时间当社会进入了信息化时代的时候，我们 每天要面对很多巨大的变化。3、原因所有的国家都应该重视环境保护，因为 这个问题已经阻碍了人类的发展。状语从句造句实战4结果目前，体育运动变得如此流行以至于成 为了一种时尚。5、让步尽管我缺乏工作经验，但是我有较好的 合作意识和团队意识。1、当社会进入了信息化时代的时候，我 们每天要面对很多巨大的变化。When the society has entered the information age,we are confronted with many great changes every day.3、所有的国家都应该重视环境保护，因 为这个问题已经阻碍了人类的发展。All countries should attach much importance to environment protection because this issue has held back the further development of mankind.4、目前，体育运动变得如此流行以至 于成为了一种时尚。Currently,sports has become so popular that it has turned out to be a fashion./5、尽管我缺乏工作经验,但是我有较好的合作意识和团队意识。Although 1 lack working experience,1 have excellent cooperation awareness and teamwork spirit.6、条件如果秋天走了，我会在雪地里等你;如果世界没了，我会在天堂里等你;如果你走了，我会在泪水中思念你;如果我走了，我会找一个人照顾你。If autumn is gone,I will wait for you on snow;If the world is gone,I will wait for you in the heaven;If you are gone,I will miss you in tears;If I am gone,I will find somebody to look after you.七大高分句式：1、双重否定2、定语从句3、并列修辞4、强调句5、插入语6、短句拉长7倒装句1、双重否定写出像阿迪广告一样精彩的句子Impossible is nothing.跟布什的对手Kerry学习双重否定never fail toI will never fail to get your kids home.事 练习：我们一定会完成这项艰巨的工/作。2）人类一定会在科学技术方面取得 更大的进步。1、我们一定会完成这项艰巨的工作。We will never fail to complete the tough job.2、人类一定会在科学技术方面取得更 大的进步。Human race will never fail to make more achievement in science and technology.其它双重否定句：方法：主语否定+谓语否定陈述句我们所有人都犯过错。All of us have made mistakes.双重否定（加强语气）我们中没有人从不犯错。None of us has never made mistakes.31 陈述一大家都相信他的话。IpEverybody believes in him.双重否定Nobody does not believe in him.$重要句型：It is common for sb.to do sth.It is not uncommon for sb.to do sth.是很平常的（并不罕见）。e.g.一个伟大的学者对日常事务一无 所知，这并不罕见。Tips:学者:scholar 日常事务:everyday affairs 一无所知:be ignorant ofgft I 陈述句It is common for a great scholar Cto be ignorant of everyday affairs.一 双重否定句It is not uncommon for a great scholar to be ignorant of everyday affairs.用否定的形式表示肯定 cannot.too.越.越好1、面对这件事情，我们越小心越好。Confronted with such an issue,wecannot be too careful.2、因此,!我们得出结论：一个人 的朋友越多越好。As a result,we may arrive at a conclusion that a man can never have too many friends.同.”2、定语从句功能:%关键词进行修饰性的扩展和延一 伸，使关键词更加丰满和完善。I 例：_/1、有很多河流被严重污染。2、那些受溺爱的孩子容易被生活的困难击 倒。3、你最好用有吸引力的观点说服考官。1、有很多河流被严重污染。There are a great number of rivers which were seriously polluted.2、那些受溺爱的孩子容易被生活的困 难击倒。Those children who are spoilt by parents are easily defeated by difficulties in life.3、你最好用有吸引力的观点说服考官Youd better convince the interviewer with those ideas which seem attractive to him or her.定语从句 限制性：修饰一个成分。非限制性：修饰一句话。一,练习：（限制性定语从句）1、有些人强烈反对动物权益保护者提出1 的建议。Tips:弓虽哭!反对:be strongly against 动物权益保护者:animal-rights activists 提出：set forth;put forward 建议：proposal;suggestion;advice3,-d r 1、有人强烈反对动物权益保护者提出I 的建议。y l JHHi,、“0二 Some people are strongly against the proposal that is set forth by animaLrights activists.2、积极的生活方式是使人不会 发胖的关键要素。Tips:积极的生活方式：the wholesome lifestyle 使人不会:preventfrom 关键要素：key factor 发胖:get overweight2、积极的生活方式是使人不会 发胖的关键要素。The wholesome lifestyle is the key factor that will prevent people from getting overweight.练习：（非限制性）3、动物实验被取消了，这正是我们 所希望看到的。Tips:动物实验:animal experiment 取消:cancelled,正是:exactly 希望看到:expect to see.3、动物实验被取消了，这正是我们 所希望看到的。The animal experiment has been cancelled,which is exactly what we expect tosee.定语从句造句练习1、生活在小城镇里的人通常会有一种 更舒适的生活方式。2、老板必须持有职业的态度，这种态 度为所有雇员作出榜样。3、既令人愉快又必要的事和既不令人 愉快又不必要的事几乎都不存在。4、我们牛活在一个人人都想获得成功 的世界里。1、生活在小城镇里的人通常会有一种 非常舒适的生活方式。Tips:小城镇:small town 舒适:comfortable 生活方式：lifestyle1、生活在小城镇里的人通常会有一种 非常舒适的生活方式。People who live in a small town often have a much comfortable life style.2、老板必须持有职业的态度，这 种品为所有雇员作出榜样。-Tips：职业的:professional 态度：attitude为树立榜样:sets an example for.雇员:employee2、老板必彖持有职业的态度，这 种态度为所有雇员作出榜样。A boss must have a professional attitude that sets an example for all of his employees.3、既令人愉快又必要的事和既不 令人愉快又不必要的事几乎都不存(4 在。Tips:事情:things 既.又both.and 愉快：enjoyable 不愉快：unenjoyable 必要：necessary 不必要：unnecessary 存在：exist3、既令|愉快又必要的事和既不 令人愉快又不必要的事不存在。-Things that are both enjoyable and necessary or both unenjoyable and unnecessary seldom exist.4、我们生活在一个人人都想获得.W 1 成功的世界里。Tips:想要:want to 获得成功:to be successful4、我们生活在一个人人都想获得一/成功的世界里。We live in a world in which every one wants to be successful.经典的定语从句1、God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。2、A book that is shut is but a block.不去翻动的书本不过是一块砖头。经典的定语从句3、Success is a process that begins from within.成功是一个开始内心的过程。4、You must do the thing which you suppose you cannot do.你一定要去做自己认为做不到的事情。I 经典的定语从句5、A soldier who does not want to be a marshal is not a good soldier.不想当元帅的士兵不是好士兵。6、There is no path that cannot be traveled.没有不能走的路。7、He laughs best who laughs last 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。3、并列修辞经典例子1)I came,I saw,I conquered.我来了，我看到了，我征服了。结构：I+过去式，I+过去式，I+过去式2)Studies serve for delight,for omament,and for ability.学习可以怡情，可以博采，可以长才。结构：for+名词，for+名词，for+名词3)of the people,for the people,by the people 民享，民治结构：介词+the people,介词+the people,介 词+the people并列修辞的写作方式:_and/or_用and/or连接两个词性相同，词义相 近的单词。a small town 今a small and peaceful towna responsible teacher 今 a responsible and impressive teachera direct and effective method3、并列修辞 练习：1、University education can enrich our social experience.2、when you see someone in difficulty,dont hesitate to give your love to him.University yiucation can unrich our social experience.1)University education and instruction can enrich our social experience.University education can enrich and improve our social experience.University education can enrich our social experience and social knowledge.When you see someone in difficulty,dont hesitate to give your love to him.1)When you see someone in difficulty or in trouble,dont hesitate to give your love to him.2)When you see someone in difficulty,dont hesitate to give your love and support to him.3)when you see someone in difficulty,dont hesitate to give your help and support to him.4、强调句 句型：It is(was)+被强调部分+that+其他部分Lao Yu always sings Two Butterflies”on the Quan Cheng Square every night其他强调方式：I.用助动词 表示强调II.用形容词 修饰名词加强语气其他强调方式：川.用等副词和 等带有ly的副词来强调：IV.用等介词短语可以表达更强的语 气（常用于疑问句）造句：幸福究竟是什么？5、插入语举例式插入语：such as,especially,DDMovies on violence should be regulated.Movies,such as ones on violence,should be regulated.Factories discharged gasand liauicL提示：In the under-developed areas,those,newly-built,chemical,harmful,poisonous,wasted,dirty which seriously polluted the surrounding environment,which does harm to the health of thelocal residents.长句制造：In the under-developed areas,those newly-built chemical factories have discharged harmful and even poisonous gas and liquid which seriously polluted the surrounding environment,(which does harm to the health of the local residents.)3、We 桌oqld take measures to Mb counter fishing.表示目的：)with a view to dowith a goal to do j with an aim to dofor the purpose of doing preserve the ocean/marine resources.firm,drastic,effective,positive/active excessive,rampant,mercial表示目的：with a view to do with a goal to do with an aim to do for the purpose of doing preserve the ocean/marine resources,firm,drastic,effective,positive/active excessive,rampant,immoderate,commercialI长句制造：With a view to preserve the ocean/marine resources9 we should take drastic and effective measures to counter excessive commercial fishing.4、People should finance the project.提示：People from all walks of life should finance the project which aims to offer assistance for the drop-out students.