写作赛学生图表专题1.doc

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写作赛图表专题1

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Regular Letter Is Giving Way to E-mail。 You should write at least 120 words， and base on your composition on the chart and the outline given below.

Number of People （In Thousands)
1。 根据上图描述某市市民使用平信以及E-mail的人数变化 情况
2．分析产生这些变化的原因
3．你认为传统平信会消失吗？

Regular Letter Is Giving Way to E-mail。
As is clearly shown in the graph, regular letter is giving way to E-mail during the past 9 years. Especially the recent 4 years saw great increase in the number of e-mail users。 Meanwhile， the number of people who write regular letters dropped steadily year by year。
A number of factors could contribute to the changes. To begin with, with the development of the economy， computer has become a commonplace nowadays。 They have changed people’s life and work in considerable ways. Of course, the way of communication is no exception。 In an efficiency—oriented world, great importance is attached to speed。 In this respect, the regular letter is no match for e—mail。 It only takes a few seconds for your e-mail to arrive at its destination. While for regular letters， days even weeks have to be spent on the way. Besides, e-mail is easy to operate. With an internet-connected computer， one can send or check e—mails anytime anywhere. 文档为个人收集整理，来源于网络
It is true that e-mails are less time—consuming and more efficient。 But it does not mean people will give up regular letters. Compared with e-mails， regular letters involve more personal emotion which can draw people closer。 In a word， I don't think regular letters will be substituted by e—mails totally.

图表题型主要分类：
1） 曲线图题型—graph, line chart
2） 饼状图题型—pie chart
3） 柱状图题型—bar chart
4） 表格图题型—table
图表描述应注意的问题：
1） 要突出重点，抓住图表中的极端点如最大或最小，最多或最少,最好和最差,基本相同之处等。
2） 总趋势的描述必须准确，要看出总的规律、趋势，抓住特征，归纳增减速度。
3） 图表往往提供大量数据，考生应该仔细观察分析，从中选择有代表性信息。图表上资料、数据的描述必须选择重点，不能事无巨细，一一列出。
4） 充分利用图表中提供的文字或说明，它们往往为我们提供了切入点.
5） 说明、描述图表时应注意动词时态，属于过去发生的应该用一般过去时，属于经常发生的应该用一般现在时.
6） 句子结构要力求有变化,不要总是用一个句型。
7） 考生应该熟练掌握一些固定句式和表达方式。
8） 认真检查，由于数据多,注意别混淆，以免闹出张冠李戴”的笑话.

用于描写图表、漫画的常用句型：
① As the graph/chart/table shows/ depicts, .。。
② As is clearly shown in the graph/chart/table， …
③ The graph/ chart/ table shows/indicates/ reveals that…
④ It can be seen /concluded from the graph/ chart/ table/picture that …
⑤ From the cartoon/picture， we can see that...
⑥ Accordingly to the statistics shown in the first/second graph，…
⑦ Why are there such great changes /a sharp contrast during the past 20 years？
⑧ Two main factors contribute to this.
⑨ Three possible reasons contribute to/ can explain this phenomenon。
⑩ There are mainly two reasons explaining these changes。

表示“增加”“上升"的表达方式：
动词：increase sharply/ abruptly/dramatically/ greatly / a lot/steadily,
increase four times as much as …,
rise sharply/ abruptly/dramatically/ greatly / a lot/steadily
increase/ rise （from …) to approximately…/ by …
soar
go up
名词: a sharp/dramatic /great/steady increase
a sharp/dramatic /great/steady rise
介词短语：on the increase/ decrease/ rise

表示“下降”“减少”的表达方式:
动词：decrease sharply/abruptly/ dramatically/greatly/ a lot/ steadily
drop sharply/ abruptly/ dramatically/greatly/ a lot/ steadily
decline sharply/ abruptly/dramatically/greatly/a lot/ steadily
decline sharply to about …/ by …
go down
fall
名词：a sharp/ dramatic / great/ steady decrease
a sharp/ dramatic /great/ steady drop
a sharp/ dramatic /great/ steady decline

表示“总体趋势”的表达方式:
There is a general trend of increase/ decrease in …

其他常见表达方式:
sharp contrast / great changes
the proportion of … has increased
…has undergone great changes from …to…。
… has increased/decreased year by year。
some significant changes took place in … during the years between … and …
… has increased as much as it had in the previous thirty years。

图表作文写作模板一
①As is clearly shown in the table/graph/chart， __________________________________________ between ______and__________. ②Especially, ____________________________________③There are three reasons for _____________________。
④To begin with， ______________________________________________⑤In addition/Moreover, ___⑥For example, _________________________________________________. ⑦Last but not least_______________________________________________________________⑧In short， __________________________________________________________.
⑨As far as I am concerned/For my part/As for me, ____________________
_________________________________________⑩On the one hand,______________⑾On the other hand, _____________________ __________________________________________________⑿ In brief, ________
____________________________________________。
填充内容:①图表总体描述+年代+年代 ②指出突出的数据变化 ③具体表示急剧上升、下降或特殊现象的词 ④叙述第一个原因 ⑤叙述第二个原因 ⑥具体例证 ⑦叙述最后一个原因 ⑧总结上文 ⑨作者自己的观点、看法 ⑩论点1 ⑾论点2 ⑿总结上文

图表作文写作模板二
①The table/graph/chart shows that_________
from_______ to________. ②It is self—evident that___________________ __________③Three possible reasons contribute to _________.
④One reason is that____________________________________________
____________⑤Another reason is that______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.⑥For instance，_____________ ⑦What’s more, _______________________________________________________⑧As a result,
_______________________________________________。
⑨However, in my opinion/ viewpoint,_______________________________________
________________________________________________________⑩For one thing,___________________________________________. ⑾For another， __________________________________________________________
_________________________⑿ To sum up, ______________________________.

填充内容:①图表总体描述+年代+年代 ②指出突出的数据变化 ③具体表示急剧上升、下降或特殊现象的词或指代词代替上文内容 ④原因一 ⑤原因二 ⑥举例证 ⑦最后一个原因 ⑧总结上文 ⑨作者自己的观点、看法 ⑩论点1 ⑾论点2 ⑿总结上文

【真题范文欣赏】

1．Student Use of Computers （2002。6）
Directions：For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers。 You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:

1．上图所示为 1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况,请描述其变化；
2．请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）：
3．你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题.

【布局谋篇】
1、结合题目及提纲，可判定这是一篇图表作文
2、依据提纲内容,转换成相应的三段式结构模式:
第一段 概述图表内容，尤其是突出的数据变化
第二段 分析这些变化产生的原因（计算机的用途、价格或社会发展)
第三段 作者的观点/看法（突出困难和问题).
【写作套路】
根据提纲及结构模式,本文可套用上面的模板一或二：

范文一欣赏
Student Use of Computers
①As is clearly shown in the chart， students spent much more time on the computer， from one hour to two hours between 1990 and 1995。 ②Especially， it increased sharply to ten hours in the year of 2000. ③There are three reasons for this phenomenon。
④To begin with, due to the sharp decline in the price of personal computer， most college students now can afford one。 ⑤ In addition, they find the computer a wonderful thing to have fun with。 ⑥For example， they can chat through QQ or play games online。 ⑦Last but not least, from internet， they can learn things much more quickly than simply from reading books so that they can secure a good job in the future。 ⑧In short, low price, increasing awareness of having fun or getting information from internet makes student use computers a lot.个人收集整理，勿做商业用途
⑨As far as I'm concerned, there are some complaints from both teachers and students。 ⑩On the one hand， students complain about the less availability of computers and slow speed of the network. ⑾On the other hand, some teachers worry that the much more time spent playing computer games or surfing online will lead students to ignore their studies and even do cheating instead of doing research by their own。 ⑿ In brief, in spite of problems concerning the use of computer， we can’t deny that computer is of more merits than defects。 文档为个人收集整理，来源于网络

范文二欣赏
Student Use of Computers
①The chart shows that students are now spending much more time on the computer, from one hour to two hours from 1990 to 1995. ②It is self—evident that it increased sharply to ten hours in the year of 2000。 ③Three possible reasons contribute to this phenomenon.
④One reason is that most college students now can afford a personal computer due to the sharp decline in its price. ⑤Another reason is that they find the computer a wonderful thing to have fun with。 ⑥For instance, they can chat through QQ or play games online。 ⑦What’s more, from internet， they can learn things much more quickly than simply from reading books so that they can secure a good job in the future。 ⑧As a result， all these lead to much more time spent on using computers。
⑨However, in my opinion, there are some complaints from both teachers and students。 ⑩For one thing, students complain about the less availability of computers and slow speed of the network。 ⑾For another， some teachers worry that the much more time spent playing computer games or surfing online will lead students to ignore their studies and even do cheating instead of doing research by their own. ⑿ To sum up， in spite of problems concerning the use of computer， computer is still of more merits than defects. 本文为互联网收集，请勿用作商业用途

典型例句

1。 As is shown by the graph/in the table。。(概述图表）
正如曲线所示,最近54年来该国人口飞速增长.
As is shown by the graph, there has been a rapid increase in the population of the country in the past five years.
2. It can be seen from the table that … （得出结论）
shown graph
concluded figures
estimated statistics
A. 从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。
From the statistics given in the table it can be seen that the average personal income of the Chinese people increased (grew 、rose) rapidly from 1985 to 1990.
B。 从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降.
It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline in birth rates in China in the past five years。
3. … amount to … (数量总计）
add up to
come to
sum up to
全部费用合计200美元。
All the expenses (costs) amount to (= add up to） ＄ 200.
4。 … increase from … to … （数量增减）
decrease
rise
fall
drop
A。 这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。
The number of colour TV sets produced by the factory increased （rose , grew ， climbed) from 5000 in 1986 to 21000 in 1990。
B。参加者的人数增加到30万。
The number of participants grew up to 300000 persons = increased , reaching 300000 persons).
C。 这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。
The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons.
5。（be）three times as + 形容词 + as 总产量 total output 钢的年产量 the annual output of
上升17％ rise by 17per cent steel
日产量 the daily output 导致产量下降 result in a
diminished output
现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。
The grain production （= output)in our area now is three times as great as that of 1970。
6.Compared with … , …
与去年相比，今年13项主要产品的产量都有大幅度增长。The factory has an output of 9 million cigarettes daily。
Compared with that of last year,the output of 13 main products （= items) this year has increased to a great extent.
7。 There is （was) a rapid rise in … be on the rise
has been sharp increase on the increase
sudden decrease on the decline
steady decline
gradual fall
slow drop
slight
最近几年来这个地区的棉花产量有了迅速增长.
The cotton output in this area has increased rapidly in the past few years.
—-"结尾”段落中常用的句型：
1. In my opinion， … 2. Personally， I … 3 In short (= In brief), …
4. In conclusion, … 5。As far as I'm concerned， … 6。 To conclude, it seems clear that …
至于说到我，我赞成前一种观点.所以，我的结论是，只要我们坚持正确的东西，改正错误的东西，我们就一定能成功。
As far as I’m concerned, I'm in favour of the former view。 Therefore, my conclusion is that we are certain to succeed as long as we stick to what is right and correct what is wrong.

英语图表写作套句精选

　　1.the table shows the changes in the number of.。。over the period from。..to。..
　　该表格描述了在...年之。.。年间.。.数量的变化。
2.the bar chart illustrates that..。
　　该柱状图展示了..。
　　3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding.。。
　　该图为我们提供了有关。。。有趣数据.
　　4.the diagram shows (that)...
　　该图向我们展示了...
　　5.the pie graph depicts (that）..。.
　该圆形图揭示了。.。
　　6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of。。.
　　这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。
　　7。the figures/statistics show （that)。。。
数据（字）表明.。.
　　8。the tree diagram reveals how..。
　　该树型图向我们揭示了如何。。。
　　9.the data/statistics show （that)。。。
　　该数据（字）可以这样理解。..
　　10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that。。.
　　这些数据资料令我们得出结论。.。
　　11。as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table。。.
　　如图所示。。。
　　12.according to the chart/figures。..
　　根据这些表（数字）.。.
　　13.as is shown in the table...
　　如表格所示..。
　　14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in。.。
　　从图中可以看出，。。.发生了巨大变化。
15。from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly that。..or it is clear/apparent from the chart that。.。
　　从图表我们可以很清楚(明显）看到.。。
　　16.this is a graph which illustrates。..
　　这个图表向我们展示了...
　　17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from.。.to...
　　该表格描述了.。.年到.。.年间a与b的比例关系。
　　18.the graph， presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in。。.
　　该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势.
　　19。this is a column chart showing。。.
　　这是个柱型图，描述了...
　　20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the flutuation of...
　　如图所示，两条曲线描述了。.。的波动情况。
　　21.over the period from。..to.。。the。。。remained level.
　　在。。。至.。。期间，.。.基本
不变。
　　22.in the year between。。.and.。.
　　在.。。年到。.。期间.。。
　　23。in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998。..
　　1995年至1998三年里。。.
　　24.from then on/from this time onwards。。.
　　从那时起。.。
　　25。the number of。。.remained steady/stable from （month/year） to (month/year）。
　　.。。月(年）至。..月（年)...的数量基本不变。
　　26。the number sharply went up to。..
　　数字急剧上升至..。
　　27。the percentage of。..stayed the same between.。。and。.。
　　.。。至.。.期间.。。的比率维持不变.
　　28。the figures peaked at。。.in（month/year）
.。。的数目在。。。月(年）达到顶点，为。。.
　　29.the percentage remained steady at.。.
　　比率维持在。。.
　　30。the percentage of..。is sightly larger/smaller than that of。。。
　　...的比例比.。。的比例略高（低）.
　　31.there is not a great deal of difference between。.。and.。.
　　。.。与。..的区别不大.
　　32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of。.。
　　该图表表明。.。的数目增长了三倍。
　　33...。decreased year by year while。..increased steadily.
　　。。。逐年减少,而..。逐步上升。
　　34。the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of[%］.
　　..。的情况（局势)到达顶(高）点，为...百分点。
　　35.the figures/situation bottomed out in...

　　数字（情况）在..。达到底部。
　　36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough。
　　数字（情况）达到底部（低谷)。
　　37。a is .。.times as much/many as b.
　　a是b的..。倍.
　　38。a increased by。.。
　　a增长了。。。
　　39.a increased to。。.
　　a增长到。.。
　　40。high/low/great/small/ percentage。
　　比低高（低）
　　41。there is an upward trend in the number of。。.
　　。.。数字呈上升趋势。
42。a considerable increase/decrease occurred from。.。to...
　　...到.。。发生急剧上升。
　　43.from。.。to。..the rate of decrease slow down.
　　从。.。到.。.，下降速率减慢.
　　44。from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the.。。,reaching a figure of.。。
　　从这年起，。。。逐渐下降至.