初中英语宾语从句讲解、练习与答案.doc

宾语从句
（一） 宾语从句的种类
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语
和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
（二）宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
（三）宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
如： I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.

一、 典型例题【中考链接】
1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday?
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
2. I want to know_________.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is
3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam?
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
4. Jim doesn’t understand _______
A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping
5. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for?
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
6. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home
7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning?
A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend
8. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?
---Usually it comes by 4: 00.
A. how B. where C. when D. what
9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?
---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office
C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office
10. ---Can I help you?
---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there?
A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it
11. He wanted to know ___________.
A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start
C. what he’s going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held
12. ---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden?
---The day after tomorrow I think.
A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit
13. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang?
A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what
14. You can’t imagine _________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
15. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.
A. that B. when C. where D. whether
16. ---Could you tell me ____________? ---Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.
A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting
C. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting
17. ---Could you tell me _________ last night? ---Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home.
A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing
18. The teacher asked the students __________.
A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born
C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted
19. Every morning the patients are asked if ________ their temperature taken.
A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D. had they had
20. It’s up to you to decide _______ you’ll go there, by air or by road.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
21. He asked me ________ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.
A. that B. if C. how D. what
22. -Excuse me. Could you tell me ________? -Yes. There is a video shop next to the tall building.
A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDs
C. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs
23. I don’t know if my uncle ________. If he ________, I will be very happy.
A. comes; will come B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. will come; comes
24. My physics teacher said that light ________ faster than sound.
A. travel B. travels C. traveled
25. You are growing so fast. Can you tell me ________ now?
A. how fast are you B. how fast you are C. how tall are you D. how tall you are
26. -Excuse me, could you tell me ________?
-Certainly. Go straight ahead and you’ll see it on your left.
A. where the post office is B. when you will visit the museum
C. where is the post office D. when will you visit the museum
27. I wanted to know ________, but no one would like to tell me.
A. what did the old man say B. what the old man need
C. what did the old man want D. what the old man meant
28. -Excuse me. Could you tell me ________? -Yes. There is a video shop on River Road.
A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDs
C. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs
29. -Do you think ________ a concert in our school hall this weekend? -Yes, there will.
A. there will have B. there will be C. will there be D. will there have
30. -Could you please tell me ________? -It’s next to the hotel.
A. where is the museum B. the museum is where C. where the museum is
31. -Do you know ________ for Shanghai last night? -At 9:00
A. what time he leaves B. what time does he leave C. what time he left D. what time did he leave
32. -Do you know ________ last night? -Sorry, I don’t know. But I think he should go to bed early because he will have an English exam this afternoon.
A. when he goes to bed B. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed
33. -We don’t know ________. -It is said that he was born in Canada.
A. what he is B. where he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here
二. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子
1. 李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。
Li Ming says _______ ___ interested in playing computer games.
2. 我认为玛丽不回来了。
I don’t think Mary ______ ______.
3. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。
Sam told me that he _______ _______ for Shanghai.
4. 请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？
Could you tell me _______ I can get to the Bell Tower?
5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑。
Father said that he ________ ________ a new computer..
6. 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。
I want to know _________ there is a train to Beijing.
7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？
Do you know ______ _______ a double room ______?
8. 请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？
Could you tell me ______ ______ we’re going to be away?
9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。
Uncle said that he ______ ______ a new novel.
10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做。
Jack said he _______ something important to do.

感叹句专项练习
一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。
1).________ difficult homework we had yesterday!  2).________cute dog it is!
3).________ interesting the story is! 4).________ bad the weather in England is!
5).________ honest boy Tom is ！ 6).________ tasty smell the cake gave off!
7).________ good time we had on the beach yesterday!
8).________ exciting news you've brought us!
9).________cool your new car is! 10).________ scary these tigers are!
二、选择填空。
1. _______ fast the boy ran! A. How    B. How an C. What   D. What an
2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. How, how     B. What, what C. How, what       D. What, how
3. ________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.
A. How      B. How an C. What       D. What an
4. _______ fools they were! They believed what the man said.
A. How     B. How an C. What       D. What an
5. _______ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.
A. How     B. How an C. What       D. What an
6. _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them.
A. How     B. How an C. What       D. What an
7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her!
A. How     B. How an C. What       D. What an
8. _______ lovely weather we are having these days!
A. How     B. How an C. What       D. What an
9. _______ beautiful your new dress is!
A. How     B. How an C. What      D. What an
10. _______ interesting work it is to teach children!
A. How      B. How an C. What      D. What an
三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：
1. The boy swam very fast.（同义句）_______ _______ the boy swam!
2. The school trip is very exciting. （同义句）_____ ______ the school trip is!
3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter.（同义句）______ _______ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!
4. It is a very useful dictionary. （同义句）
_______ _______ _______ dictionary it is! _______ _______ _______ dictionary is!
5. The students are listening very carefully. ________ ________ the students are listening!

What a funny time to eat breakfast! 吃早饭多么有趣啊！
感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的东东，
1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用what。
2）若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Tom’s等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK
例句1：What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊！
/ \
形容词 单数名词
例句2：What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊！
/ \
形容词 复数名词
例句3：What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊！
/ \
形容词 不可数名词
例句4：How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊！
/ \
形容词 乱糟糟
★★★ 若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how.
例：How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊！
/
副词 （what不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用how）
How time flies!
       How fast Liu Xiang runs
打油诗一首: 感叹句往后看
形容词后是名单
就用what a或what an
形后若是不可数或名复数
只用what就可以
形容词后乱糟糟
只写how就OK了

选择填空
( ) 1. He learned English by ____________ English songs.
A. listen B. listen to C. listening D. listening to
( ) 2. If you practice ________ English every morning, you will improve it quickly.
A. to read B. reading C. read D. be reading
( ) 3. It’s Sunday today. What about __________ the mountains?
A. to climb B. climb C. climbing D. climbed
( ) 4. Tom decided __________ in China.
A. travel B. traveling C. to travel D. traveled
( ) 5. Do you enjoy __________ on the Internet?
A. surfing B. surf C. to surf D. surfed
( ) 6. She said she had some trouble ___________ her homework.
A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished
( ) 7. Do you find this book ____________?
A. frustrate B. frustrating C. frustrated D. frustration
( ) 8. Can you tell me the best way ________ the problem?
A. solve B. solved C. to solve D. solving
( ) 9. Jenny does not know where __________ on National Day.
A. to go B. going C. goes D. will go
( ) 10. I spend some time ________ newspaper every day. Sb Spend time/money in doing /on sth
A. read B. reading C. to read D. on read
( ) 11. _____ you work harder ,you will not pass the examination .
If you don’t work harder ,you will not pass the examination
A. Until B .If C. Till D. Unless
( ) 12. There is ______milk in the bottle. Let’s go to buy some.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
( ) 13. Did you see them _______ basketball this morning? Watch/hear/ See sb doing/do sth
A. playing 强调动作正在进行 B. play 强调看到全过程 C. to play D. are playing
( ) 14. My father gave up ________ at last.
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smokes
( ) 15. I spent half an hour ___________ my homework . finish doing sth 完成做某事
A. finish doing B. to finish doing C. finishing to do D. finishing doing
( ) 16. At the age of 18 he began to work___ a teacher in a country school.
As a student ,we should study hard.
A. as B. by C. in D. at
( ) 17. Have you decided which coat_______?
A. choose B. choosing C. chosen D. to choose 表示补充说明
( ) 18. I read very slowly. I can’t spell some English words, _____.
A. also 肯定句中的也 放于句中 too也是肯定句当中的也不过是放于 句子尾部
B. either 否定句当中的也 C. but 但是 表示转折
( ) 19. Lucy thinks that ____ English movies isn’t a good way.
(一个句子当宾语，也叫宾语从句，这句当中动名词短语在从句当中当主语)
A. watch B. watched C. watching
( ) 20. At first they hated each other ,but they ended up _____ on very well .
A. get B. got C. getting D. to get

答案：

一. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A
21【解析】选B。考查if引导的宾语从句。结合题意“他问我我们是否能乘飞机去北京看比赛”
22【解析】选B。从语序方面先排除A、C二项；另结合答语“There is a video shop next to the tall building.”
23【解析】选D
24【解析】选B。“光传播的速度比声音快”是客观事实，故用一般现在时，light是第三人称单数形式
25【解析】选D
26【解析】选A。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，故排除C、D二项；由答语“Go straight ahead and you’ll see it on your left.”可选A。
27【解析】选D。由语序先排除A、C二项，主句是一般过去时，从句应为相应的过去某个时态，排除B。
28【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序。分析比较四个选项可先排除A、C；另结合答语“There is a video shop on River Road.”可舍D选B。
29【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序，先排除C、D；另there be的将来时为there will be，
30【解析】选C
31【解析】选C。由last night可知本题要用一般过去时，先排除A、B；另结合宾语从句的陈述语序
32【解析】选B。由语序先排除C，另结合时间状语last night可舍A选B。
33【解析】选B
二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if (whether) 7.how much 8.how long 9.was writing 10.had

答案：一、What，What a, How, How，What an,
What, What a, What, How, How
二、BAACA CACAC
三、1. How fast
2. How exciting
3. How beautiful
4. What a useful, How useful the
5. How carefully

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