初中英语宾语从句讲解、练习与答案.doc

宾语从句（一） 宾语从句的种类1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.（三）宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如： I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.一、 典型例题【中考链接】1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did2. I want to know_.A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam?A. that B. whether C. what D. which4. Jim doesnt understand _.A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shoppingC. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for?A. that B. whose C. who D. which6. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening.A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come home D. when his son came home7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning?A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend8. -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4: 00.A. how B. where C. when D. what9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post officeC. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office10. -Can I help you? -Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to get there?A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. He wanted to know _.A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would startC. what hes going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held 12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden? -The day after tomorrow, I think.A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang?A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what14. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether16. -Could you tell me _? -Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting.A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meetingC. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting17. -Could you tell me _ last night? -Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home.A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing18. The teacher asked the students _.A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken.A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D. had they had20. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when21. He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.A. that B. if C. how D. what 22. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? -Yes. There is a video shop next to the tall building.A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDsC. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs 23. I dont know if my uncle _. If he _, I will be very happy.A. comes; will come B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. will come; comes24. My physics teacher said that light _ faster than sound.A. travel B. travels C. traveled25. You are growing so fast. Can you tell me _ now?A. how fast are you B. how fast you are C. how tall are you D. how tall you are 26. -Excuse me, could you tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight ahead and youll see it on your left.A. where the post office is B. when you will visit the museum C. where is the post office D. when will you visit the museum 27. I wanted to know _, but no one would like to tell me.A. what did the old man say B. what the old man need C. what did the old man want D. what the old man meant 28. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? -Yes. There is a video shop on River Road. A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDsC. when can I buy some CDsD. when I can buy some CDs 29. -Do you think _ a concert in our school hall this weekend? -Yes, there will.A. there will have B. there will be C. will there be D. will there have 30. -Could you please tell me _? -Its next to the hotel.A. where is the museum B. the museum is where C. where the museum is 31. -Do you know _ for Shanghai last night? -At 9:00 A. what time he leaves B. what time does he leave C. what time he left D. what time did he leave32. -Do you know _ last night? -Sorry, I dont know. But I think he should go to bed early because he will have an English exam this afternoon.A. when he goes to bed B. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed33. -We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he is B. where he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here 二. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。 Li Ming says _ _ interested in playing computer games.2. 我认为玛丽不回来了。 I dont think Mary _ _.3. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.4. 请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？ Could you tell me _ I can get to the Bell Tower?5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑。 Father said that he _ _ a new computer.6. 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？ Do you know _ _ a double room _?8. 请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？ Could you tell me _ _ were going to be away?9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。 Uncle said that he _ _ a new novel.10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做。 Jack said he _ something important to do.感叹句专项练习一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficult homework we had yesterday! 2)._cute dog it is!3)._ interesting the story is! 4)._ bad the weather in England is!5)._ honest boy Tom is！ 6)._ tasty smell the cake gave off!7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8)._ exciting news youve brought us!9)._cool your new car is! 10)._ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran! A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, howB. What, what C. How, whatD. What, how3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. HowB. How an C. What D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an6. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an7. I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her!A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an9. _ beautiful your new dress is!A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1. The boy swam very fast.（同义句）_ _ the boy swam!2. The school trip is very exciting. （同义句）_ _ the school trip is!3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter.（同义句）_ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!4. It is a very useful dictionary. （同义句）_ _ _ dictionary it is! _ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully. _ _ the students are listening!What a funny time to eat breakfast! 吃早饭多么有趣啊！感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的东东，1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用what。2）若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK 例句1：What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊！ / 形容词 单数名词 例句2：What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊！/ 形容词 复数名词 例句3：What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊！/ 形容词 不可数名词 例句4：How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊！/ 形容词 乱糟糟 若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how.例：How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊！ / 副词 （what不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用how） How time flies! How fast Liu Xiang runs 打油诗一首: 感叹句往后看 形容词后是名单 就用what a或what an 形后若是不可数或名复数 只用what就可以 形容词后乱糟糟 只写how就OK了选择填空( ) 1. He learned English by _ English songs. A. listen B. listen to C. listening D. listening to( ) 2. If you practice _ English every morning, you will improve it quickly. A. to read B. reading C. read D. be reading( ) 3. Its Sunday today. What about _ the mountains? A. to climb B. climb C. climbing D. climbed( ) 4. Tom decided _ in China. A. travel B. traveling C. to travel D. traveled ( ) 5. Do you enjoy _ on the Internet? A. surfing B. surf C. to surf D. surfed ( ) 6. She said she had some trouble _ her homework. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished( ) 7. Do you find this book _? A. frustrate B. frustrating C. frustrated D. frustration( ) 8. Can you tell me the best way _ the problem? A. solve B. solved C. to solve D. solving ( ) 9. Jenny does not know where _ on National Day. A. to go B. going C. goes D. will go( ) 10. I spend some time _ newspaper every day. Sb Spend time/money in doing /on sth A. read B. reading C. to read D. on read( ) 11. _ you work harder ,you will not pass the examination . If you dont work harder ,you will not pass the examinationA. Until B .If C. Till D. Unless ( ) 12. There is _milk in the bottle. Lets go to buy some. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few( ) 13. Did you see them _ basketball this morning? Watch/hear/ See sb doing/do sth A. playing 强调动作正在进行 B. play 强调看到全过程 C. to play D. are playing( ) 14. My father gave up _ at last. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smokes( ) 15. I spent half an hour _ my homework . finish doing sth 完成做某事 A. finish doing B. to finish doing C. finishing to do D. finishing doing ( ) 16. At the age of 18 he began to work_ a teacher in a country school.As a student ,we should study hard. A. as B. by C. in D. at( ) 17. Have you decided which coat_? A. choose B. choosing C. chosen D. to choose 表示补充说明( ) 18. I read very slowly. I cant spell some English words, _. A. also 肯定句中的也 放于句中 too也是肯定句当中的也不过是放于 句子尾部 B. either 否定句当中的也 C. but 但是 表示转折( ) 19. Lucy thinks that _ English movies isnt a good way.(一个句子当宾语，也叫宾语从句，这句当中动名词短语在从句当中当主语) A. watch B. watched C. watching ( ) 20. At first they hated each other ,but they ended up _ on very well .A. get B. got C. getting D. to get答案：一. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A21【解析】选B。考查if引导的宾语从句。结合题意“他问我我们是否能乘飞机去北京看比赛”22【解析】选B。从语序方面先排除A、C二项；另结合答语“There is a video shop next to the tall building.”23【解析】选D24【解析】选B。“光传播的速度比声音快”是客观事实，故用一般现在时，light是第三人称单数形式25【解析】选D26【解析】选A。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，故排除C、D二项；由答语“Go straight ahead and youll see it on your left.”可选A。27【解析】选D。由语序先排除A、C二项，主句是一般过去时，从句应为相应的过去某个时态，排除B。28【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序。分析比较四个选项可先排除A、C；另结合答语“There is a video shop on River Road.”可舍D选B。29【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序，先排除C、D；另there be的将来时为there will be，30【解析】选C31【解析】选C。由last night可知本题要用一般过去时，先排除A、B；另结合宾语从句的陈述语序32【解析】选B。由语序先排除C，另结合时间状语last night可舍A选B。33【解析】选B二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if (whether) 7.how much 8.how long 9.was writing 10.had 答案：一、What，What a, How, How，What an, What, What a, What, How, How 二、BAACA CACAC 三、1. How fast 2. How exciting 3. How beautiful 4. What a useful, How useful the 5. How carefully7