高频高考英语词汇表最新整理.pdf

定语从句及连词答题秘诀二as与which均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句.如从句在主句之后，两者皆可 用；如从句在主句之前，用as。介词/逗号后，永远不用that!They failed in the exam,|as/which|is natural.|As|is known to all,the earth moves around the sun.He passed the College Entrance Examination,_ made his parents very happy.A.as B.which C.that D.it关系代词as的考查。关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替 代由such,the same等修饰的先行词；as引导非限制性定语从句时，可放于句首，句中或 置于句尾，而which则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义，使 用which。As引导的定性定语从句有正如之意，而which引导的没有。H2010 全国 I 2As a child,Jack studied in a village school,is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that空格设置在名词school后，且school后有逗号，此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所 修饰的先行词是school,它在定于从句中做主语，因此使用关系代词，选项中的关系代词只 有which和that,山于是非限定性定语从句，不能使用that,因此选择A。H2010 四川 1 After graduating from college,I took some time off to go travelling,turned out to be a wise decision.A.that B.which C.when D.where此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句子。句意为：“大学毕 业后，我们休假一段时间去旅游，这结果证明是一个明智的决定。”K2009 山东 UWhenever I met her,was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.A.who B.which C.when D.that不论何时遇见她，她总是用甜美的微笑和我打招呼，这是非常经常的事c考查非限制性定语 从句，从句 was fairly often插在主句中的时一间状语从句后，关系代词which可代替主句整个句子的意思并在从句中作主语。答案B。K2009 辽宁 U Theyve won their last three matches,I find a bit surprisingA.that B.when C.what D.which此处意思是“他们赢得了最后的三场比赛，我觉得这确实有点让人意外”，which代替上句“TheyRe won their last three matches”做find的宾语，选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句 中，B,C此处没有他们的意思。状语从句及连词是解!,常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用|进行时|。有时还有对比意 义，意为“然而”。主句从句主语不同，表示“而”I do every single bit of housework|my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A.since|B.while|C.when D.as While置于句首可表示As long as或AlthoughWhile there is life there is hope.While I admit his good points,I can see his bad ones.（2008 湖南）the Internet is of great help,I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.A.If IB.While C.Because D.AsK2011 四川卷X volleyball is her main focus,shes also great at basketball.A.Since B.Once C.Unless D.While虽然排球是她的主要项目，但她还擅长篮球。while 虽然，尽管”。答案D。（2010 全国 IMary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.A.so that B.although C.while D.as ifso that译为“以便”表示目的，although译为“尽管，虽然“，as if译为“好像”，while译为“当的时候”，因此while符合句意，选择C。K2009 安徽 D I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free the third costs$30.A.while B.until C.when D.beforewhile表转折“而，然而”。根据句子意思，前两份免费，而第三份要$30。K2006 全国 IIWe thought there were 35 students in the dining hall,in fact,there were 40.A.while B.whether C.what D.which此题考查连词的用法。while在此表示转折，意为“但是，而”。K 2006 天津 2 The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A.since B.when C.as D.while根据句中 among the lowest in Britain 和 probably one of the highest 可知前后的意义存在对 比；while用作连词，可用于表示对比或相反的情况,“而；但是”。名词性从句区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时,从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词；缺名词性成 份时，指人用who/whom,指物用what;不缺意思和成份时用that。That只有在宾 语从句中可以省略。缺成分时,what和 whatever是第一高频答案!引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何 成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。_we cant get A seems better than_we have A.A.What;what B.what;that C.That;that D.That;what本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都 必须充当成分，所以答案是A。_ A caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where该题答案是A,what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面 的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）：That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.K2011 江西卷The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.A.this B.that C.what D.which考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语 从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。答案：CK 2011 四川卷 HOur teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A.why B.how C.what D.whichin介词后面接宾语从句，且从句中缺do的宾语，故选C项。why how在句中作状语；which在名词性从句中作定语。选C.K2011 陕西卷 X rd like to start my own business-thafs rd do if I had the money.A.why B.when C.which D.what所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后，是表语从句，所填词在从句中做宾语，指物，用what,选D。其余选项与题意不符。（2011 北京卷 1 Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语，选择what。冠词和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化,一般以What和It做主承抽象名词前加a/an表具体的人或物。抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加 冠词，如 Failure is the mother of success.success（抽象名词）f a success（具体化）成功的人或事a failure失败的人或事 a shame带来耻辱的人或事a pity可惜或遗憾的事 a must必需必备的东西（2011 ill东卷 1 Take your timeif s just short distance from here to restaurant.A.不填；the B.a;the C.the;a D.不填；a句意为“别急一从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。a short distance短距离，是固定搭 配的短语；the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆，故用the特指。答案：BK2011 浙江卷2 Experts think that=recently discovered painting may be Picsso.A.the;不填 B.a;the C.a;不填 D.the;a句意为“专家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。”the painting特指最近发现的汕 画；a Picsso意为a Picssos painting,指毕加索的一件作品，有one的含义。答案：DK2010 福建 U Ifs|good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.A.不填,a B.a,不填 C.the,a D.a,thegood feeling并非特指，故用a；pleasure是抽象名词，无需冠词。句意为“人们喜欢上海世 博会给它们的快乐，这是（一）种不错的感觉“a good feeling,一种不错的感觉，give sb pleasure o K 答案Ba/an与专有名词连用表示“一个叫什么的人”“一个像什么的人的作品/制品或表示不确定，如a Sunday,a Monday 等。（2006 全国卷）一Hello,could I speak to Mr.Smith?一Sorry,wrong number,There isnJ t_ Mr.Smith here.A.不填 B.a C.the D.one题意为：这儿没有一个叫史密斯的。史密斯是姓氏，史密斯先生很多，aMr.Smith 表示其中一位。【答案】B（2005 山东卷）1 knew_|John Lennon,but not famous one.A.不填;aB.a；the C.不填;the D.the；a题意为：我原先认识一个叫约翰列农的人，不是那个著名的约翰列农。据题意可知叫约 翰列农的人很多他只是其中一位，故用a；那位著名的也即是特指的，应用the。|a/an与专有名词连用表示“一个叫什么的人”“一个像什么的人”“的作 品/制品或表示不确定，如a Simciay,a Monday 等。（2005 111 东卷）1 knew|_John Lennon,but not_famous one.A.不填;aB.a；the C.不填;the D.the；a题意为：我原先认识一个叫约翰列农的人，不是那个著名的约翰列农。据题意可知叫约 翰列农的人很多他只是其中一位，故用a；那位著名的也即是特指的，应用the。（2005 湖南卷）1 can t remember when exactly the Robinsons left city.I onlyremember it was|Monday.A.the,the B.a,the C.a,a D.the,a题意为：我记不清罗宾逊一家人何时离开这坐城市了。我只记得是星期一。第一空用the 表示双方都明白的人或物；第二空用a表示不确定的某个周一。【答案】DK 2010 江方;The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that people from allwalks of life are working hard fbrj new Jiangsu.A.不填；a B,不填；the C.the；a D.the；the第一空，来自社会各阶层的人.是不特指，不用冠词.第二空，在Jiangsu前有形容词new 因此，应加冠词a.表示一个全新的江苏.K答案A.具有动词意义的名词前用a/an其意义相当于动词，如take a look=look.（2007 四川卷）How about taking|short break?I want to make|call.A.the；a B.a;the C.the;the D.a；a稍稍休息如何?我想打个电话。break相当于rest,make a call相当于call.【答案】D（2007 天津卷）1 wanted to catch early train,but couldt get|ride to the station.A.an；the B./；the C.an；/D.the；a题意为：我想赶早班车但没能找到到车站去的车。第一空用the表示双方都明白的人或 物；第二空用a,get a ride=ride.【答案】D（2007 浙江卷）1 like color of your skirt.It is|good match for your blouseA.a;the B.a；a C.the；a D.the;the我喜欢你的衬衫的颜色,与你的短裙极相配。a good match相当于match well.答案C（2010 四11 In most countries,a university degree can give you I I flying start in life.A.the;a B.the;不填 C.不填；不填 D.不填;amost countries此处表泛指，most前不加定冠词the.第二个空处应为“一个高起点的开始”,故用a，正确答案为DoIt:作形式主语和形式宾语当动词不定式，动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用it 作句子的形式主语：同 is not easy to finish the work in two days.同 is no use cryine over split milk.同 is a pity that you didnt read the book.当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式，动名词，宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补 足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前：I think 同 no use ar-uine with him.I found very interesting to study English.He made 同 clear that he was not interested in this subject.注意:see to it that（务必）和take it for granted that.（想当然）句型中的it,以及词 组make it中的it（做事成功，搞定）。K2011 北京卷The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase.A.them B.those C.it D.that句意为“由于当地政府的努力，大城市里的就业率持续升高。”it代指前面交代过的“the employment rate,是单数,而them和those是复数。答案：CK 2011 江西卷Why dont you bring to his attention that youre too ill to work on?A.that B.it C.his D.him考查代词it作形式宾语的用法。句意为“为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不 能工作？“it作形式宾语，指代句子后面that引导的宾语从句。答案：BK2011 山东卷 XThe two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.A.it B.them C.her D.that句意为“这两个女孩长得很相似，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。”it在此句中充当形式宾 语，代指to tell one from the other。答案：A（2011 天津卷3 We feel our duty to make our country a better place.A.it B.this C.that D.one句意为“我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。”让在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place。答案：AK2010 全国 H H The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.A.this B.that C.one D.itIt的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语，it在这里代指后面的真 正宾语 to have a holidayoone的用法常用来代替与上文所提到人或物相类似的不确定的另一人或物（泛指），且被 替代者为可数名词单数形式。若下文替代者表示非特指含义，则用a/anadjone形式表示；若下文替代 者为另一特指含义，则用the one或theadjone表示；若下文替代时为复数 含义，贝 U 用 theadjones 或 the ones 表示。H2011 福建卷We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose basedon your own interests.A.either B.each C.one D.it句意为“在你们的假期里，我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一 个。”one代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于“a/an+单数名词”。这里泛指某个summer camp 夏令营。答案：C（2010 111 东 1 Helping others is a habit,you can learn even at an early age.A.it B.that C.what D.one句意应为“帮助别人是一种习惯，一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。”空格处与前句中的 habit构成同位关系，所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代 词that的定语从句,that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。that的用法that用来指前文中确定的非同一事物，常用来替代与定冠词或形容词性物主代 词连用的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the+名词”，其复数形式为those。that表替代时为始终是特指（作指示代词和关系代词用时另论），可指上文谈 到的人、物或情况（均为单数），可代替可数名词利不可数名词。若that所代替的内容为前置用法，即要代替的内容将出现在下文中，一般用 this,these 或 the following 表示。H2011 重庆卷 U-Silly me!I forget what my luggage looks like.-What do you think of over there?A.the one B.this C.it D.that指示代词that指时间与空间上较远的事物，over there交代了空间上的远距离。this指时间 与空间上较近的事物，the one和it都特指前面曾经交代过的事物。答案：DK2010 陕西The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than in any other area ofthe city.A.that B.this C.it D.one所填词用于比较状语从句中，指代句子的主语cost,即指代不可数名词，用that。This指代 下文即将提到的事物；it指代“同一物”；one指代“同类中的一个，之意。阶词与动词/名词/形容词搭配要求接 in 的名词有：interest、satisfaction expert 等。K2007 上海 1 Leaves are found on all kinds of trees,but they differ greatly size and shape.A.on B.from C.by D.indifferin在.方面不同；differ fiom与.不同。K答案U DK2007 湖南the silence of the pauses,we could hear each others breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats.A.In B.For C.Under D.Between句意为：在停顿的沉默中，我们能听到对方的呼吸，甚至能听到我们自己的心跳。A项为“在中”；B项为“因为，由于；C项为“在下面”；D项为“在之间”。in favor of 赞成(2011 湖北 1 When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside younger men.A.in terms of B.in need of C.in favor of D.in praise of句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时，许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。”in terms of 就而论；in need of 需要；in fhvor of 赞成；in praise of 表扬，赞扬。答案：Coin detail详细地H2011 江苏 2 Wed better discuss everything before we work out the plan.A.in detail B.in general C.on purpose D.on time句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切，然后再制定计划。in detail详细地；in general 一般而言，总的来说；on purpose故意地；ontime准时。根据句意，先讨论后定计划，选A。in store贮藏着；储备着H2008 湖北 When she first arrived in China,she wondered what the future might have forher,but now all her worries are gone.A.in need B.in time C.in preparation D.in storein need需要；in time及时；in preparation准备；in store贮藏着；储备着，由句意可知D 项正确。in turn反过来H2007 湖匕People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,and this _ creates further problems.A.in short B.in case C.in doubt D.in turnA项“简言之”；B项“以防万一”；C项“怀疑”；D项“反过来”。句意为：人们想开自 己的车来避免交通耽搁，这反过来却导致了进一步的问题。K答案H Din exchange for 作为交换H2007 山东I have offered to paint the house a weeks accommodation.A.in exchange for B.with regard to C.by means of D.in place ofin exchange for 作为交换；with regard to 至于，关于；by means of 通过.的方式；in placeof代替。句意为：我提出愿意粉刷房子，条件是让我免费吃住一周。K答案Ain case万一，以防K 2010 浙江 U I guess wcvc already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just.A.by nature B.in return C.in case D.by chance分析四个选项的意思：by nature天生地；in return作为回报，作为交换；in case万一,以 防；by chance偶然地。根据句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事，但是以防万一，我再 问你一次。K答案H CK2000 NMETU I dont think Ill need any money but Fil bring some.A.at last B.in case C.once again D.in timein case的意思是“万一”。表明说话人带一些钱的目的是以防万一。答案为B。名词单项选择高频考点reach够不着的地方out of shape 变形|range不在范围内、stock缺货reach够得着的地方K 2011 四川卷 1)Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens.A.touch B.sight C.reach D.distance句意为“时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。“out of touch 不联系，不接触；out of sight看不见，在视野之外；out of reach手够不着，达不到；out of distance远离=fhr away。根据前面的交代的危险品，选C。K2004 天津I keep medicines on the top shelf,out of the childrens.A.reach B.hand C.hold D.placeA意思是：够得着的地方；B是：指示，掌管；C是：控制，照管；D是：地方。根据句 意，目的是不让孩子们拿着,out of one，s reach”某人够不着的地方“。所以答案选A。shape型状(2006东 1 You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of.A.date B.shape C.order D.balanceout of shape是“变型”的意思，根据前面“你坐在我的帽子上”可判断出帽子是“变型”了。out of date意为“过时”,out of order意为混乱,out of balance意为失衡。K答案BH2001上海Urange范围Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?-No,ifs out ofA.range B.reach C.control D.distance本句的意思是:你能射中树梢上的那只鸟吗?不能，它在射程之外。根据上文中的shot,我们 应该选rangeo out of control意为失去控制。K答案Aout of stock“缺货”(2011 高考英语吴军押题We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are out of.A.work B.reach C.stock D.practiceout of stock缺货；out of work失业；out of reach“够不到“；out of practice”荒疏，久不练 习情景交际 高频答案词How come?常用于口语，表示惊讶，意为“为什么？怎么搞的？（2011 浙江）-1 dont think Ill be able to go mountain-climbing tomorrow._?A.And how B.How come C.Hows it going D.How about it情景对话。难度较小。How come?为什么？（2006 江西）一Michael was late for Mr.Smiths oral class this morning.-?As far as I know,he never came late to class.A.How come B.So what C.Why not D.What forHow come?常用于口语，表示惊讶，意为“为什么？怎么搞的？；So what?意为“那有什 么了不起，那又怎样；Why not?表示对他人所说的或建议做出肯定反应或表示同意，意为“为 什么不；What for?意为“为什么。根据答语可知对迈克尔迟到感到很惊讶，故选A How comeoThafs all right=Thafs OK 不用谢；没关系（2011 山东）-Fm sorry I broke the vase.-Oh,.It wasnt very expensive.A.youM better not B.Tm afraid not C.as you wish D.thafs all right句意：对不起，我打碎了花瓶。-哦，没关系，它不很贵。根据句子情境上下文，用来回 答sorry.其他选项不符合英语表达习惯A.“你最好别那样做”。B“我恐怕不是这样”C“正如你 期待的”答案D.（2010 天津）Professor Johnson,Im afraid I cant finish the report within this week.How about next week?A.Good for you B.It wont bother me C.Not at all D.Thats OK句意:一约翰逊教授，恐怕我这周完不成报告。一好的,下周怎么样？根据后面的How about next week,可以看出，Johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系，所以，用Thats OK。（2005 福建）一James,Im sorry I used your computer when you were away this morning.A.Thats all right B.Its a pleasure C.You are welcome D.Dont mention itThats all right意为“不用谢；没关系”，主要用于对感谢或歉意的礼貌回答答案A（2005 江西）一Hello,Mr.Smith.This is Larry Jackson.I am afraid I wont be able to arrive on time for the meeting in your office.Well wait for you.A.Hurry up B.No doubt C.Cheer up D.Thafs all right由答语知We511 wait fbr you可知，应选Thafs all right,意为“没关系”，答案Do而Hurry up.意为“抓紧”;No doubt.意为“多半,很可能”;Cheer up意为“加油”。Thafs great、Good idea 太女子了（2011 陕西）-We can give you a ride into town.-Thank you.A.Yes,why not?B.Oh,it would be my pleasure.C.Yes,please.D.Oh,that would be great.情景对话。没有难度。We can give you a ride into town.是要做的动作，是过程，还没做，B.Oh,it would be my pleasure.强调的是结果，所以不是正确答案；D.Oh,that would be great.是强调过程，当然是答案了。（2010 重庆）-Honey,lefs go out for dinner.-I dont have to cook.A.Forgot it!B.Thats great!C.Why?D.Go ahead!句意为“亲爱的，我们出去吃饭吧。”“太好了，我不必做饭了。“所以选B。A.Forget it.没 关系C.Why为什么D.Go ahead随便 均不符合语境。情态动词与虚拟语气may I might as well do sth 还是好”、“不妨”Youmight as well|tell me the truth.你最好把真相告诉我的好。H2008 全国 IILiza well not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.A.will B.can C.must D.may句意为:Liza极有可能不想去旅行-她讨厌旅行。may well很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。当表示猜测时,will和can不能与well连用，must只能用于肯定句中。must只用于肯定句/表示很有把握的猜测/翻译成“肯定/一定”；can/could用于疑问句和否定句；may/might用于肯定句/表示没有把握的猜测/翻译成“可能也许”mustnt have done绝对错/是无效选项must 必须，“不必”用 needn/dont have tomustn禁止/不准H2011 四川卷1 The police still havent found the lost child,but they5re doing all they.A.can B.may C.must D.should句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可 以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。K2011 湖南卷No one be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A.can B.need C.must D