博士研究生入学考试真题英语-2012.doc

装备学院2012年博士研究生入学考试
英语（1001）试题
（注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，本试卷满分100分）
Part I Vocabulary (10 points, 0.5 point each)
Directions: There are 20 sentences in this section. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D under each of the following sentences. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
1. He was ______ a medal for his outstanding contribution to science.
A. rewarded B. awarded
C. promised D. admitted
2. Tall and _______ , with close-cropped hair, Austin looks like anyone else on the track team.
A. allergic B. confused
C. slender D. splendid
3. The problem of ________ injury and sickness received a good deal of publicity and attention this year.
A. career B. professional
C. occupational D. employment
4. Three _________ of workers produce machines that reduce tree branches to wood chips.
A. shifts B. shuttles
C. treaties D. treads
5. It is well known that the first can only work hard planting young trees for a new business, while the following people may obtain the successful fruits.
A. practitioners B. amateurs
C. forerunners D. managers
6. The ________ between direct and non-direct investment is thus meant to focus on the issue of control.
A. distinct B. distinguish
C. discrimination D. distinction
7. The old gentleman __________ to be an old friend of his grandfather's.
A. turned in B. turned over
C. turned up D. turned out
8. With its share of the market falling sharply, Vermeer opened a plant in Beijing, taking a Chinese partner and drawing help for the __________ from the Chinese.
A. adventure B. venture
C. feature D. fracture
9. The wealthier nations _______ deprive their poorer neighbors of their most able citizens.
A. rejected B. denied
C. withheld D. deprived
10. His casual clothes were not ______ for such a formal occasion.
A. appropriate B. granted
C. conspicuous D. noble
11. The focus of the conference was the application of computer-game technologies and ______ environments to real -world business problems.
A. proper B. outside
C. virtual D. inside
12. The most _______ explanation is that professors are not particularly interested in students' welfare.
A. plausible B. clarified
C. respectful D. indifferent
13. The manufacturers rely increasingly on governments, here and abroad, to _______ and expand.
A. profound B. prosper
C. extract D. conquer
14. The Obama ________ hasn’t tried to formulate policy that far into the future.
A. management B. government
C. administration D. parliament
15. While _________ the cause of the accident to one part, the commission also raised broader concerns about quality control.
A. exploring B. consulting
C. completing D. narrowing
16. The commission recommended that the space agency _________ a better quality-control program for engine parts.
A. put into action B. put into effect
C. take into action D. take into action
17. The __________ significance of the new fossils is that Australopithecus sediba is the direct ancestor of the human genus.
A. principle B. effective
C. principal D. affective
18. The analysis is not complete and Dominion _______ no numbers to the public.
A. released B. published
C. confessed D. dominated
19. The rules stated that anyone who had held office for three years was not ________ for re-election.
A. admirable B. eligible
C. reliable D. capable
20. The rocks above the cave have gradually _______ away, bringing the fossils to the surface.
A. tracked B. traced
C. emerged D. eroded
Part II Cloze Test (15 points, 1 point each)
　Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on your Answer Sheet.
Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? __21__ an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets to the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to __22__ the news.
      Newspapers have one basic __23__, to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to know it. Radio, telegraph, television, and other inventions brought competition for newspapers. __24__ did the development of magazines and other means of communication. However, this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the __25__ and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers __26__ of the latest news, today's newspapers __27__ and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices __28__ advertising Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very __29 __. Newspapers are sold at a price that fails to __30__ even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main __31__ of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The __32__ in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This __33__ in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends __34__ on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment offered in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as a source of information about the community, city, country, state, nation, and world, and even __35__ space.

21. A.  Mean while   B. Just when       C. Soon after             D. Before then
22. A. gather            B. spread               C. carry                       D. bring
23. A reason            B. cause              C. purpose D. problem 
24. A. How              B. So                   C. More            D. What
25. A.value               B. ratio                  C. rate                         D. speed
26. A.inform            B. be  informed     C. to be informed         D. informed
27. A.entertain        B. encourage        C. educate                  D. edit
28. A. on                  B. through               C. with                       D. of
29. A. forms             B. existence             C. contents                 D. purpose
30. A. spend    B. cover C. earn     D. realize
31. A. source            B. origin                  C. course                    D. finance
32. A. way                 B. means                C. chance                    D. success
33. A. measures        B. is measured     C. measured             D. was measured
34. A. somewhat        B. little                    C. much                      D. something
35. A. far                   B. farther                 C. out                         D. outer

Part III Reading Comprehension (30 points)
Section A (20 points, 1 point each)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are four short passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully, and then answer the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.

Passage 1
Hurricanes are violent storms that cause millions of dollars in property damage and take many lives. They can be extremely dangerous, and too often people underestimate their fury.
Hurricanes normally originate as a small area of thunderstorms over the Atlantic Ocean west of the Cape Verde Islands during August or September. For several days, the area of the storm increases and the air pressure falls slowly. A center of low pressure forms, and winds begin to whirl around it. It is blown westward, increasing in size and strength.
Hurricane hunters then fly out to the storm in order to determine its size and intensity and to track its direction. They drop instruments for recording temperature, air pressure, and humidity (湿度), into the storm. They also look at the size of waves on the ocean, the clouds, and the eye of the storm. The eye is a region of relative calm and clear skies in the center of the hurricane. People often lose their lives by leaving shelter when the eye has arrived, only to be caught in tremendous winds again when the eye has passed.
Once the forecasters have determined that it is likely the hurricane will reach shore, they issue a hurricane watch for a large, general area that may be in the path of the storm. Later, when the probable point of landfall is clearer, they will issue a hurricane warning for a somewhat more limited area. People in these areas are wise to stock up on nonperishable foods, flash light and radio batteries, candles, and other items they may need if electricity and water are not available after the storm. They should also try to hurricane-proof their houses by bringing in light-weight furniture and other items from outside and covering windows. People living in low-lying areas are wise to evacuate their houses because of the storm surge, which is a large rush of water that may come ashore with the storm. Hurricanes generally lose power slowly while traveling over land, but many move out to sea, gather up force again, and return to land. As they move toward the north, they generally lose their identity as hurricanes.
36. The eye of the hurricane is__________.
A. the powerful center of the storm
B. the relatively calm center of the storm
C. the part that determines its direction
D. the center of low pressure
37. Which of the following statements is true?
A. A storm surge is a dramatic increase in wind velocity.
B. A hurricane watch is more serious than a hurricane warning.
C. Falling air pressure is an indicator that the storm is increasing in intensity.
D. It is safe to go outside once the eye has arrived.
38. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. How to Avoid Hurricane damage B. Forecasting Hurricanes
C. The dangerous Hurricane D. Atlantic Storms
39. The low-lying areas refer to those regions that__________.
A. close to the ground level B. one-storey flat
C. flat houses D. near to the lowest level of hurricane
40. Which of the following is NOT a method of protecting one's house from a hurricane?
A. taking out heavy things B. moving in light-weight furniture
C. covering windows D. equipping the house with stones
Passage 2
On the morning of September 11th, I boarded the train from Washington Heights in Upper Manhattan just as usual and went to the Body Positive office in the South Street Seaport of Lower Manhattan. While I was leaving the subway at 8:53 am, a man ran down the street screaming, "Someone just bombed the World Trade Center." Those around me screamed and shouted "No!" in disbelief. However, being an amateur photographer, and thinking that I might be able to help out, I ran directly toward the WTC. I stopped just short of the WTC at a corner and looked up. There before me stood the gaping hole and fire that had taken over the first building. I stood there in shock taking pictures, wanting to run even closer to help out, but I could not move. Soon I saw what looked like little angels floating down from the top of the building. I began to cry when I realized that these "angels" -- in fact, desperate office workers -- were coming down, some one-by-one, some even holding hands with another. Could I actually be seeing this disaster unfold with hundreds of people around me crying, screaming and running for safety?
As I watched in horror, another white airliner came from the south and took aim at the South Tower. As the plane entered the building, there was an explosion and fire and soon debris ( 碎片) began to fall around me. It was then that I realized that we were being attacked and that this was just not a terrible accident. Yet, I still could not move, until I was pushed down by the crowd on the street, many now in a panic running toward the water, as far from the WTC as they could possibly get. All around me were the visual reminders of hundreds of people running in panic. There were shoes, hats, briefcases, pocketbooks, newspapers, and other personal items dropped as hundreds of people ran for safety.
Much has been written about the disaster already. We have learned so much in such a small amount of time about appreciating life. In some way we must move forward, bury the dead, build a memorial for those lost, and begin the coping and healing process for the survivors. But healing takes time. Some have been able to head right back to work, others seek counseling, while others remain walking through the streets with expressionless faces. However, we are all united in our grief.
41. According to paragraph 1, the author’s office was ______.
A. at Washington Heights
B. just beside the World Trade Center
C. in the South Street Seaport
D. far from the WTC
42. The passage tells us that the author ______.
A. was a social worker
B. worked in the Body Positive office near the WTC
C. was asked to take some pictures of WTC
D. ran toward WTC because he wanted to make out what was happening
43. What was his first reflection when he stood at the corner?
A. People were floating down from the top of the building as if they wanted to break a world record.
B. A terrorist attack against America had begun. .
C. There was a terrible accident in which an airliner struck the first building.
D. He was just at a loss and could not make out what had happened.
44. What was the immediate reaction of the man on seeing all this?
A. He watched in horror and cried, but couldn’t move.
B. He ran nearer to help out.
C. He ran nearer to take pictures.
D. He ran away to try to find a shelter.
45. In the last paragraph, the author’s attitude is that ______.
A. different people have different ideas
B. people shouldn’t walk with expressionless faces
C. people should go back to work immediately
D. however difficult the situation is, people should unite and move forward
Passage 3
We can b