2022版高考英语大一轮复习-第二部分-语法知识贯通-专题一-动词的时态、语态和主谓一致备考试题.doc

2022版高考英语大一轮复习 第二部分 语法知识贯通 专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致备考试题

2022版高考英语大一轮复习 第二部分 语法知识贯通 专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致备考试题

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第二部分 语法知识贯通
专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
高考帮·备考方向导航
1. [2020全国Ι,61]The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon
goddess — 　　　　(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 
2.[2020全国Ⅱ,62]This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 　　　　(carry) special significance. 
3.[2020新高考Ι(山东),40&41]The parts of a museum open to the public 　　　　(call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection 　　　　(be) on display.  
4.[2020浙江,61]By about 6000 BC, people 　　　　(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 
5.[2020天津,9]The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and 　　　　(remain)around that level ever since. 
6.[2020江苏,22]If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that　　　　(suit)everyone. 
7.[2019全国Ι,65]In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 　　　　(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements... 
8.[2019浙江,56]When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody　　　　(have) to worry about fashion(时尚). 
9.[2019江苏,29]A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith　　　　(fall)in love with the people and culture there. 
10.[2018全国Ⅱ,61]Since 2011, the country 　　　　(grow) more corn than rice. 
11.[2018江苏,30]I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan　　　　(carry)out in the past two years. 
12.[2018浙江11月,56 & 57]You probably 　　　　(use) caffeine since childhood. Caffeine 　　　　(be) in your first Coke. 
13.[2016江苏,22]More efforts, as reported, 　　　　(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. 
14.[2020全国Ш改错]My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples. 　　　 
15.[2018全国Ⅱ改错]I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. 　　　 
16.[2018全国Ш改错]It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. 　　　 
习思用·语法特训
一、单句填空
1.As we all know, Hangzhou, a beautiful city, 　　　　　　　(win) the bid on September 16th, 2015. Thus, it will be the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games. 
2.Agricultural experts say having a large variety of plants 　　　　　　　(help) to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises.  
3.He had his eyes on me,and I guessed he 　　　　　　　(consider) right then whether or not to tell me the truth. 
4.US writer Margaret Lee Runbeck once 　　　　　　　(write), "Happiness is not a station you arrive at, but a manner of traveling." But traveling is not always happy, at least for the buddies in the movie Green Book.The movie 　　　　　　　(adapt) from the true story of a road trip through the southern US in the early 1960s.  
5.The International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 　　　　　　　(hold) on May 15th every year.  
6.Over the past decade, a global push to reduce hunger and extreme poverty 　　　　　　　(mark) some significant success. 
7.If you give up in winter, you　　　　　　　(miss) the hope of spring, the beauty of summer, and the harvest of autumn in your life. 
8.By the time the ban was finally lifted, he 　　　　　　　(stick)at the airport for more than two weeks. 
9.Jack　　　　　　　(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 
10.Choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives　　　　　　　(spend) on work.  
二、单句改错
1.Though Wang Kai had cleared the driveway the day before to make way for the ambulance, more snow fall on the ground last night. __　　 
2.In the past several months, we had seen the courage not just of doctors but of nurses. _　___
3.My village,where the climate and landscape are pleasant,lie in the mountains in southwest China. 　　　 
4While picking the tea, he received the news of his mother’s illness, so he carelessly puts the leaves in his sleeve and left Hangzhou for Beijing. 　　　 
5.The lion regarded as the king in the animal world so it represents power. 　　　 
6.So far, reading has became such an important part in my life that I can hardly imagine what life would be like without reading. ______
三、"语法—写作"迁移练
　　用正确的时态和语态完成句子。
1.[2020全国Ⅱ]Each of us carried a basket and a pair of scissors, 　　　　　　　　(快速爬上梯子并开始摘橘子). 
2.[2020新高考Ι(山东)]With the intention of enriching our campus life, 　　　　　　　　(我们学校组织了一场5千米越野赛)last Sunday. 
3.[2020浙江]Through your tireless work, 　　　　　　　　(我们所有人在英语学习上都取得了很大进步),especially in spoken English. 
4.[2020浙江]I believe in the near future, 　　　　　　　　(我们将不辜负您的期望). 
5.[2018全国Ι]The elderly 　　　　　　　　(通常是第一个品尝) the food served on the table because 　　　　　　　(他们很受尊敬) in China. 

答 案
专题一　动词的时态、语态和主谓一致

1.touched　句中有时间状语last week, 故用一般过去时。
2.carries　在why引导的表语从句中,动词-ing短语decorating...flowers作主语,谓语动词用单数,并且此处讲的是客观事实,用一般现在时。
3.are called; is　分析句子结构可知,第一空所在句的主语为The parts of a museum,设空处为谓语动词,与主语之间为被动关系,结合语境可知这里为客观事实,故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。第二空根据Often及语境可知该句应用一般现在时,设空处为谓语动词,主语为only a small part of a museum’s collection,是单数形式,故此处用is。
4.had discovered　根据时间状语By about 6000 BC可知,句子谓语动词用过去完成时,故填had discovered。
5.has remained　ever since是解题关键,与现在完成时连用。"the number of+复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
【易错点拨】　remain通常不用于进行时。
6.suits　句意:如果你从各个方面看待这个情况,你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。根据语境可知,此处陈述的是客观情况,故用一般现在时;that...everyone为定语从句,主语that指代 a solution,为单数形式,故谓语动词用单数,故填suits。
7.have reported　句中的时间状语In recent years多与现在完成时连用,主语some Inuit people为复数意义,因此本空填have reported。
8.has/will have　此处用一般现在时描述一般情况,主语是nobody,所以谓语动词用has。也可理解为When引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,主句用一般将来时,故可填will have。
9.fell　句意:史密斯先生到中国几个月后,爱上了那里的人和文化。这里描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。注意fall为不规则变化动词,过去式为fell。
10.has grown　由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知,空处谓语动词应用现在完成时。
11.had been carried　本句中主句的时态是一般过去时,因此从句中应该使用过去的某种时态;根据时间状语in the past two years可知,应使用完成时态;又因plan与carry out为被动关系,故应用被动语态。因此空处应用过去完成时的被动语态。
12.have used/have been using; was　句意:你可能从小就在服用咖啡因。咖啡因就在你的第一杯可口可乐里。根据since childhood可知,use这一动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在,已经结束或者还有可能持续下去,所以第一空应用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时;又主语为You,故第一空填have used/have been using。in your first Coke暗含过去的时间,故第二空应用一般过去时;又主语为Caffeine,故第二空填was。
13.will be made　根据句中的时间状语in the years ahead"在未来几年中"可知,本句应用一般将来时。efforts与make之间是被动关系,故本句应该使用一般将来时的被动语态。
14.第一个don’t→doesn’t　My dad为第三人称单数,故此处应用doesn’t。
15.are→were　根据句中的"didn’t""entered"可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,因此 realize后面的宾语从句也应用过去的时态,故将are改为were。
16.begin→begun　根据语境可知,此处应用过去完成时,begin的过去分词为begun,故将begin改为begun。

一、单句填空
1.won　句意:众所周知,杭州,一座美丽的城市,于2015年9月16日赢得了主办权。因此,它将是第三个举办亚运会的中国城市。句中有表示过去的时间状语"on September 16th, 2015",故谓语动词应用一般过去时。
2.helps　分析句子成分可知,空格处在宾语从句中作谓语,从句主语是having a large variety of plants,谓语动词用单数形式。此处是对一般情况的介绍,时态应用一般现在时,故填helps。
3.was considering　句意:他盯着我,我猜他当时正在考虑是否告诉我真相。结合句意和时间状语right then可知,此处是说当他盯着"我"的那个时候,即表示过去的某个时间正在发生的动作,用过去进行时。主语he为第三人称单数,故填was considering。
4.wrote;was adapted　由once可知,第一空应用一般过去时。第二空,此处表示这部电影改编自真实的故事,表示过去发生的事情,且The movie与动词adapt之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
5.is held　根据时间状语every year可知,句子应用一般现在时;句子主语The International Day of Families表示单数概念,且与动词hold之间为被动关系,故填is held。
6.has marked　根据句中时间状语Over the past decade可知,应用现在完成时。主语a global push是单数,故填has marked。in/during/over the past/last decade都表示"在过去的十年里",通常与现在完成时连用。
7.will miss　句意:如果你在冬天放弃,你会错过你生命中春天的希望、夏天的美丽和秋天的收获。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,主句应用一般将来时,即"主将从现"原则,故填will miss。
8had been stuck　 根据句中的时间状语从句"By the time the ban was finally lifted"可知,主句的谓语动作发生在过去的过去,且动词stick与he之间为被动关系,故用过去完成时的被动语态。注意动词stick的过去式和过去分词均是stuck。
9.was working　句意:杰克正在实验室工作,这时停电了。be doing sth. when...表示"正在做某事这时……"。本题考生可能由于没有掌握when用作并列连词的特殊用法而误填worked。when用作并列连词常用于句型"was/were doing sth. when...;was/were about to do sth. when..."。
10.is spent　根据句中的is及语境可知,空格处应用一般现在时。从句主语为most of the time in our lives;"most of+the+名词"作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与of后的名词的单复数保持一致;time为不可数名词,且主语与谓语动词spend之间为被动关系,故空格处填一般现在时的被动语态形式is spent。
二、单句改错
1.fall→fell　根据主句的时间状语last night可知,主句表示过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时。
2.had→have　句意:在过去的几个月里,我们不仅看到了医生的勇气,还有护士的。根据时间状语In the past several months可知,句子应用现在完成时,故将had改为have。
3.lie→lies　此处时态为一般现在时,句子的主语My village为单数,故谓语动词应用单数形式lies。
4.puts→put　根据and left可知,此处用一般过去时,故把puts改为put。
5.regarded前加is　so连接两个并列分句,在前一分句中,The lion是主语,与谓语动词regard为被动关系,因此用被动语态。由so后分句的时态可知,此处是对一般情况的介绍,因此用一般现在时的被动语态。
6.became→become　现在完成时的基本形式为"have/has+过去分词",become的过去式为became,其过去分词和原形一样,故把became改为become。
三、"语法—写作"迁移练
1.quickly climbed up the ladder and started to pick oranges
2.our school organized a 5km cross-country running race
3.all of us have achieved much progress in English study
4.we will live up to your expectations
5.are usually the first to taste; they are well respected