2022版高考英语大一轮复习-第二部分-语法知识贯通-专题七-定语从句备考试题.doc

2022版高考英语大一轮复习 第二部分 语法知识贯通 专题七 定语从句备考试题

2022版高考英语大一轮复习 第二部分 语法知识贯通 专题七 定语从句备考试题

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第二部分 语法知识贯通
专题七　定语从句
高考帮·备考方向导航
1.[2020全国Ш,61]In ancient China lived an artist 　　　　paintings were almost lifelike. 
2.[2020江苏,21]Many lessons are now available online, from　　　　students can choose for free. 
3.[2019天津,11]Their child is at the stage 　　　　she can say individual words but not full sentences.  
4.[2018 全国Ι,66]Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 　　　　showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.  
5.[2018浙江,57]Many westerners 　　　　come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.  
6.[2017乙卷(全国Ι),70]Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 　　　　is not good for the health.  
7.[2016江苏,23]Many young people, most of　　　　 were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.  
8.[2016天津,9]We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, 　　　　the weather may be better.  
9.[2015江苏,21]The number of smokers, 　　　　is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.  
10.[2020全国Ш改错]Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. 　　　 
11.[2019全国Ш改错]In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them. 　　　 
12.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. 　　　 
习思用·语法特训
一、单句填空
1.Li Ziqi, the Chinese Internet celebrity, is famous for her videos 　　　　she performs the work of a farmer with the grace of a fairy. 
2.Written Chinese has become an important means by 　　　　China’s present is connected with its past. 
3.Beijing Opera has a history of about 200 years, 　　　　origin can date back to old local operas, especially Anhui Opera. 
4.As far as I am concerned, youth is a period 　　　　we should study hard and make ourselves well prepared for the future. 
5.To examine how singing with other people affects mental health, researchers followed a group of people　　　　attended free weekly singing workshops for six months. 
6.Doctors say misunderstandings and false information about the disease are spreading on the Internet, 　　　　they think should be stopped. 
7.Education is believed to be the best soil 　　　　supports children’s growth and develops their minds. 
8.The reason　　　　 he explained at the meeting was that they didn’t have enough money. 
9.Thomas was the first person to 　　　　I spoke after arriving in Washington D.C. 
10.Such people 　　　　were recommended by the highly respected scholar were reliable. 
二、单句改错
1.It was a hot day, so I left for my destination early in the morning where it was cool. 　　　 
2.The exhibits cover the works by Qi Baishi, which works have influenced the development of Chinese paintings. 　　　 
3.In cities like Chengdu and Hangzhou where can hardly avoid heavy traffic, it’s only in the morning that the roads are not crowded. 　　　 
4.Behavior is a mirror which everyone shows his image. 　　　 
5.The city has special facilities for cyclists,what can be used for free. 　　　 
三、"语法—写作"迁移练
　　用定语从句完成下列句子。
1. [2020全国Ш] We’re not sure how different roles communicate in the play, 　 　　　　　　　　　　(这让我们很
困惑). 
2.[2020新高考Ι(山东)]Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, 　　　　　　　　　　　(其中三十名是女生). 
3.[2020浙江1月]The contest, 　　　　　　　　　　　(定于1月18日在我校礼堂举行), will focus on the traditional Chinese culture. 
4.[2020北京高考适应性测试]My classmates and I went to a farm in northern Beijing, _________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(在那里我们帮助农民摘了一整天的苹果). 
5.[2019全国I]I’m Li Hua, a student from China, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(暑假期间正在伦敦学习). 

答 案
专题七　定语从句

1.whose　本句主句为倒装句,主语an artist为先行词,后接一个定语从句,空处与其后名词paintings之间构成所属关系,故用whose。
2.which　句意:现在许多课程都可以在网上找到,学生们可以免费从中选择。分析该句结构可知,介词from和空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词Many lessons,故用which。
3.where　句意:他们的孩子处于一个会说个别词但不会说完整句子的阶段。先行词stage意为"阶段",空处引导定语从句,在从句中作状语,此处表示抽象的地点,故用关系副词where。
4.that/which　句意:该评论的两位作者2014年也发表了一项研究,该研究表明每天仅跑步5—10分钟就可以降低心脏病及各种原因导致的早亡的风险。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是a study,指物,且定语从句中缺少主语,故填that或which。
5.who/that　句意:许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭有多便宜,就会比在自己国家时做饭少得多。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为Many westerners,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who或 that。
6.which　分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个主句,且关系词在从句中作主语,故填which。
7.whom　 分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词是young people, 指人, 且此处为"表示部分的词语+of+关系代词"结构,关系代词作of的宾语,因此应该填whom。
8.when　分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,先行词为next week,且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用when。
9.as　分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,作从句的主语,指代的是整个主句的内容。as引导非限制性定语从句时,表示"如同,正如",符合语境。
10.what→that　what不能引导定语从句。先行词被all, any, much, little(少), few, no等修饰时,关系代词用that。
11.what→that/which　句意:在咖啡馆里,顾客会在为他们创造的历史环境中过得很愉快。分析句子结构可知,environment后是定语从句。先行词为historical environment,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语,故将what改为that/which。
12.that→which　此处是非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,先行词为garden,所以用关系代词which来引导该定语从句。故将that改为which。

一、单句填空
1.where　句意:中国网络名人李子柒以她的视频而闻名,视频中她干起农活如仙女般优雅。先行词是videos,关系词在从句中作地点状语,因此本空应填关系副词where。
2.which　句意:书面汉语已成为将中国的现在与过去联系起来的重要手段。定语从句修饰先行词means,关系词在从句中作介词by的宾语,此处是"介词+关系代词which"引导的定语从句。
3.whose　句意:京剧有约200年的历史,它的起源可以追溯到古老的地方戏,特别是徽剧。定语从句修饰先行词Beijing Opera,从句中origin缺少定语,故用关系代词whose引导定语从句。此题易误认为200 years 为先行词。
4.when　句意:在我看来,青年时期是我们应该努力学习并且让我们自己为未来做好充分准备的时期。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句(该从句修饰先行词a period),且在从句中作时间状语,故用when。
5.who/that　定语从句的先行词为a group of people,是人,且空处所填关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填who/that。
6.which　句意:医生们说,关于那种疾病的误解和虚假信息正在互联网上传播,他们认为这种情况应该被制止。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导非限制性定语从句,指代"misunderstandings...Internet",they think 为插入语,从句中缺主语,故填which。
7.that　句意:人们认为,教育是帮助儿童成长并发展其思维的最佳土壤。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,且先行词被形容词最高级修饰,关系词在从句中作主语,故用关系代词that。
8.that/which　分析句子结构可知,"　　　 he explained at the meeting"为定语从句,修饰先行词reason,且空处在从句中作宾语,故此处应用指代物的关系代词that/which。 
9.whom　句意:到达华盛顿后,我最先和托马斯说话。分析句子结构可知,"to 　　　　I spoke...D.C. "为定语从句,先行词是the first person,关系词在从句中作to的宾语,故填whom。 
10.as　句意:这样深受尊敬的学者推荐的人是可靠的。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,句中的"Such"表明,此处应用as来引导定语从句。
二、单句改错
1.where→when　根据语境可知,因为天气热,我一大早就出发前往目的地,因为那个时候天气不那么热。先行词是表示时间的early in the morning,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用when。
2.which→whose　此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的Qi Baishi,意为"他的作品影响了中国画的发展",关系词与works是所属关系,故应用whose。
3.where→which/that　根据句意以及句子结构可知,先行词cities后跟限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which/that。
4.which→where或which前加in　句意:行为是一面镜子,人人都在其中展示自己的形象。分析句子结构可知,先行词是mirror,空处在从句中作地点状语,表示"在……中",故用in which或where引导从句。
5.what→which　句意:这个城市有专门为骑自行车的人提供的设施,可以免费使用。分析句子成分可知,逗号后的成分修饰special facilities,故此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词是物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导,故将what改为which。注意:what不能引导定语从句。
三、"语法—写作"迁移练
1.which really puzzles us/which really makes us puzzled
2.among whom thirty were girls
3.which is scheduled to be held in our school hall on January 18th
4.where we helped the farmers pick apples the whole day
5.who is studying in London during the summer holiday