河南省名校联盟2020-2021学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题(含解析).doc

河南省名校联盟2020-2021学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）

河南省名校联盟2020-2021学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）

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河南省名校联盟2020-2021学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Got 48 hours to relax yourself? You’ll make full use of your timeand have great fun at these amazing destinations.
Alabama: Gulf Shores
For relaxing weekend getaways in Alabama, head south to the white-sand beaches of Gulf Shores. Get on the water for some deep-sea fishing. History lovers can get a lesson in the Civil War along a 90-mile path with more than a dozen historic sites.
Alaska: Homer
How does fresh seafood sound? You’ll find it in Homer, located in south-central Alaska, which is either a short flight or a great four-hour scenic drive on the Seward Highway from Anchorage. Get your fill of fishing in Kachemak Bay explore local trails and enjoy exceptional birding in this remote natural setting.
Arizona: Sedona
Adventurous types can get their fill in the magical red rocks of Sedona, which is said to be the location of healing centers of energy. People flood to the area to meditate, practice yoga and more. Sedona also offers fantastic hiking, off-roading, biking, and even climbing.
Arkansas: Hot Springs
Relax and renew in Arkansas’ hot waters in Hot Springs, an art community with Art Deco architecture that is also the home of Hot Springs National Park. Make time for a visit to Bathhouse Row, a National Historic Landmark of eight bathhouses, and Superior Bathhouse Brewery, which produces beer made of the hot spring water inside the National Park. Don’t miss these National Parks that are off the beaten path.
1. Which activity can be found in both Gulf Shores and Homer?
A. Going fishing. B. Taking a flight.
C. Enjoying beautiful birds. D. Visiting historic sites.
2. What is Superior Bathhouse Brewery known for?
A. Its bathhouses. B. Its paths.
C. Its self-made beer. D. Its architecture.
3. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A survey. C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【答案1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。介绍了4个放松自己的旅游项目，48小时的时间安排紧凑，其乐无穷。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。在第1个项目中的Get on the water for some deep-sea fishing.去深海钓鱼。第2个项目中的Get your fill of fishing in Kachemak Bay, 去卡切马克湾钓鱼。选项A去钓鱼，切题，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。第4个项目中的…Superior Bathhouse Brewery, which produces beer made of the hot spring water inside the National Park.，Superior Bathhouse Brewery生产由在国家公园内温泉水制成的啤酒。选项C它自产的啤酒，切题，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。文章介绍了4个景点，4个休闲放松的项目，有广告性质，不可能来自：日记，调查报告，小说。选项D杂志，切题，故选D。
B
Six-year-old Stella Malpass is a first grader. She likes games, playing house and her favorite class is gym. But she has been learning to overcome some difficulties since she was born. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a condition that limits her ability to fully extend(伸展) her arms and legs. She has had five operations.
"She can’t run but she can walk really fast, but there are just certain things she wishes she could do," said Stella's mother, Kim Malpass. One of those things is going to the restroom on her own." This is the one thing in school she needs help with," Kim said, "she can do just about everything on her own but she just isn't able to pull her pants up."
Jodi Carroll, Stella's doctor for two years had been trying to find a solution, but had no luck reaching out to clothing companies. "After many searches I realized we needed to invent something," Carroll said. She then got in touch with the Petoskey High School drafting team, and no doubt they were all in.
"As soon as I told the students about it they supported me and we went to work right away," Lauren Liebler, the school's engineering teacher, says. Students say it was the perfect project for the students, combining brainstorming, design thinking, problem-solving and tests.
Once Stella tried the device(装置), it was kind of a disappointment to find out that the first one didn't work, but then it was just the matter of coming up with the next idea or seeing how they could improve the first one to make it work. After three tests, the class's 3D-prinled tool worked.
Liebler says the class can use its 3D printing technology to continue to work and grow with Stella. They can even print different colors to match her dresses.
4. What caused Stella’s physical condition?
A. An illness from her birth. B. An accident in an operation.
C. A serious traffic accident. D. A fire she experienced at six.
5. What difficulty did Stella have at school?
A. Walking fast. B. Learning math well.
C. Taking a gym class. D. Going to the toilet by herself.
6. What can we know about Jodi Carroll?
A. She runs a clothing company on her own.
B. She is good at designing dresses for children.
C. She manages to help Stella recover completely.
D. She gets the idea of making something new to help Stella.
7. What did the students think of the project?
A. Hard and dangerous. B. Easy but useful.
C. Useful and difficult. D. Useless but funny.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。六岁的 Stella Malpass 因患有疾病，导致她在上卫生间的时候会遇到困难，她的主治医生联系一个中学生团队为她设计了专门的工具帮助她克服这一困难。
【4题详解】
细节理解題。根据第一段中的“But she has been learning to overcome some difficulties since she was born. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a condition that limits her ability to fully extend(伸展) her arms and legs. ”（但她从一出生起就学会了克服一些困难，先天性多发性关节炎是一种限制她充分伸展手臂和腿的能力的疾病）可知，Stella因患有AMC这一疾病，她从出生开始都在学习克服一些困难。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解題。根据第二段中的““One of those things is going to the restroom on her own. This is the one thing in school she needs help with, ” Kim said,“she can do just about everything on her own but she just isn't able to pull her pants up.” ”（其中一件事情就是去自己去洗手间。“这是她在学校里唯一需要帮助的事情”金说，“她几乎可以自己做任何事情，但她拉不起来裤子。”）可知，Stella 不能自己提裤子，故她独自上卫生间会遇到一些困难。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解題。根据第三段中的““After many searches I realized we needed to invent something,’ Carroll said””（“在很多查找之后，我意识到我们需要发明一些东西”Carroll说）可知，在多次查找之后， Carroll意识到必须发明一些东西来帮助Stella，故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断題。根据第四段中的“Students say it was the perfect project for the students, combining brainstorming, design thinking, problem-solving and tests”（学生们说，这是一个完美的项目，集头脑风暴、设计思维、问题解决和测试于一体。）可知，学生们认为这个项目很好，但在项目中要解决一些问題。由此推知，这个项目很有用且有一定的难度。故选C。
【点睛】

C
Many of us have had this annoying experience: You are waiting at a bus station when someone nearby begins to smoke a cigarette. You frown and move, but it seems that there isn't much you can do about it.
The situation is changing now, as in Beijing, a new ban is set to fight against smoking. Seen as the toughest anti-smoking regulation in China's history, the law makes smoking in Beijing locations such as offices, restaurants, hotels and hospitals punishable by fines.
Businesses that fail to rein in smoking can be fined up to 10,000 yuan and repeat offenders could have their licenses revoked (吊销).
Individual smokers themselves can be fined up to 200 yuan. As well as indoor smoking, the law prohibits lighting up in some open-air spaces close to schools, hospitals, and sports stadiums. Tobacco advertisements are not allowed to appear outdoors.
Health commission inspectors will be in charge, carrying out spot checks and acting on tip-offs from the public — posters in the capital advertise a hotline number, and the city government has launched a social media account allowing observers to upload images of smokers caught in the act.
"Since previous anti-smoking laws have been poorly carried out we don't expect it will be entirely smooth running," said Bernhard Schwartlaender, the WHO's representative in China. "The key point is enforcement (强制实行)."
"I don't think you can just rely on policy," Yang Gonghuan, deputy head of the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control, said of the law. "Parents and teachers who smoke have a strong influence on children. Smoking scenes in films and TV programmes also make young people wrongly connect tobacco use with glamour(魅力) and a cool image."
8. The best title for the passage is probably _______.
A. No more smoking, Beijing
B. Anti-smoking movement
C. Fight against indoor smokers
D. Get rid of tobacco in China
9. What does the underlined phrase "rein in" in the third paragraph probably mean?
A. Promote. B. Control. C. Advocate. D. Quit.
10. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. There used to be some anti-smoking laws in the past.
B. Experts are positive about the new anti-smoking law.
C. Beijing is the first city in China to produce a ban on smoking.
D. The most effective way to ban smoking is to get smokers fined.
11. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______.
A. family members are the decisive factor
B. teachers hold the key to fighting against smoking
C. education matters in discouraging people from smoking
D. media are responsible for the failure of banning smoking
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京出台的最严厉的禁烟法令及具体举措。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“The situation is changing now, as in Beijing, a new ban is set to fight against smoking.(现在情况正在改变，北京出台了一项新的禁烟令)”可知，北京出台的最新的禁烟法令，并综合全文，没有提到别的地方。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词后面的“can be fined up to 10,000 yuan and repeat offenders could have their licenses revoked (吊销).(罚款最高可达1万元，屡教不改者可吊销执照)”可知，禁烟不力的企业单位要接受罚款，甚至可能会被吊销执照。由此可知，Businesses that fail to rein in smoking指的是“无法控制吸烟的企业”。划线词组rein in意为“控制，禁止”，与Control意思接近。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Since previous anti-smoking laws have been poorly carried out, we don't expect it will be entirely smooth running(以前的反吸烟法执行得很糟糕，我们不认为它会完全顺利)”可知，在过去曾经有过反吸烟的法律。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“Parents and teachers who smoke have a strong influence on children. Smoking scenes in films and TV programmes also make young people wrongly connect tobacco use with glamour (魅力) and a cool image.(吸烟父母和老师对孩子有很大的影响。电影和电视节目中的吸烟镜头也会让年轻人错误地把吸烟与魅力和酷酷的形象联系起来)”可推知，教育在禁烟运动中起重要作用。故选C项。
D
The old Chinese saying "as happy as spending the New Year" might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.
Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering(爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.
"In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to(屈从于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion," said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher.
"As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy," said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang.
"I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings. On New Year’s Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us," said Zhang Hui, from Hebei.
12. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A. Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years.
B. Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival.
C. People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits.
D. In the past, setting off fireworks couldn’t be seen almost anywhere.
13. What Li Shunzhi said implies 　　　　.
A. what people do during the festival now is different from the past
B. people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve
C. people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest
D the New Year holiday is just like any other day
14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival.
B. Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family.
C. Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival.
D. Zhang Hui lives in the urban area.
15. What does the whole passage show?
A. The Spring Festival is as lively as before.
B. The Spring Festival is outdated now.
C. The Spring Festival is losing its qualities.
D. The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
本文是夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句"Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival"可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的"I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside"和"Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us"以及本段的整体内容可推知，张惠习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句"But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice"，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象，故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you constantly use the computer, whether for learning or entertainment? Computers give off radiation that is bad for your health, but here are some ways to protect yourself from computer radiation.
___16___ Green tea can be absorbed by the body easily into a form of vitamin A, which helps reduce radiation. ______17______
It is advisable to attach a radiation filter plate in front of your computer s screen. Make sure to avoid putting any metal substances near your computer as these may have reflected some of the electromagnetic waves that are harmful to your health. ________18________ The brighter the screen is, the higher the radiation will be and vice versa.
You can also put some radiation absorbing plants such as several each (仙人掌) near your computer to prevent radiation.
Make sure you do a skincare protection before sitting in front of the computer. _____19_____ Wash your face soon after using the computer in order to reduce 70% of the radiation.
___20___ The old computer in general has one to two times more radiation released than the new one within the same distance.
A. It also helps your eyes see things clearly in the dark by improving the visual ability.
B. If possible, purchase a new computer instead of usi