2021届高考英语二轮复习-Part-Ⅰ考前提分必练课时优化作业.doc

2021届高考英语二轮复习 Part Ⅰ考前提分必练课时优化作业

2021届高考英语二轮复习 Part Ⅰ考前提分必练课时优化作业

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考前提分必练
Day 15　阅读板块——练速度

Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We run different activities.Not only will you have fun and get some fresh air but you will learn about caring for a horse, preparing for shows and entering competitions.It's a great way to really get to know your favorite horse and meet other teenagers at the Berkshire Riding Centre.
Teen Day Camp
We have created a Teen Day Camp for those who are aged 13 and above.You've probably had a number of lessons but would like to have a day to get out of the house, forget about exams and spend the whole day with horses. The day includes 2 hours of riding, stable management and games!
Suggested age: 13＋
Timings: 9：30 a．m.－3 p．m.(Don't forget to bring a packed lunch and a drink.)
Cost: ￡100
Dressage Days
Learn how to build a competition ground, plait (编成辫子) a horse's tail and prepare a horse for a competition.Participate in a dressage theory lesson and finally compete with all the other members of the day.You'll be awarded.You'll need to dress appropriately.Also, don't forget to bring a packed lunch.
Suggested age: 11＋
Timings: 9：30 a．m.－3：30 p．m.
Cost: ￡85
Clear Round Jumping Days
A single course of jumping will be prepared, starting at 20 cm.The day will be a mix of instruction and jumping.You'll warm up in the playpen (围栏) and participate in three rounds of jumping.You choose if the rounds are at different heights or all at the same height.When not jumping or warming up you'll receive instruction from an instructor.You can also jump different horses if you want to.Bring a packed lunch.
Suggested age: 11＋
Timings: 10 a．m.－3 p．m. (Your section will last about 2 hours.Start times will be confirmed.)
Cost: ￡45
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Berkshire Riding Centre为青少年准备的一些活动。
1．What can participants learn at the Berkshire Riding Centre?
A．How to take care of a horse.
B．How to be a good horse trainer.
C．How to choose their favorite horse.
D．How to manage a horse riding club.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Not only will you have fun and get some fresh air but you will learn about caring for a horse，preparing for shows and entering competitions.”可知，在Berkshire Riding Centre，参与这些活动的孩子可以学习如何照顾马，因此正确答案为A。
答案：A
2．Which of the following is included in Clear Round Jumping Days?
A．A free lunch.
B．A theory lesson.
C．A riding competition.
D．Three rounds of jumping.
解析：细节理解题。根据文中Clear Round Jumping Days部分的“You'll warm up in the playpen and participate in three rounds of jumping.”可知，正确答案为D。
答案：D
3．Who are the activities mainly intended for?
A．Experts devoted to horse research.
B．Teenage boys fond of horse riding.
C．Volunteers intending to train horses.
D．A 7­year­old girl who likes lovely horses.
解析：推理判断题。根据文中对三项活动的建议年龄和介绍可以推断，喜欢骑马的十几岁的男生适合这几项活动，因此正确答案为B。
答案：B
B
Throughout history, music spread among people of different cultures.In today's technologically advanced society, however，people spread music online, sometimes without an artist's permission. This can lead to many problems, and music companies are now cracking_down_on this practice. Sharing music online without permission is theft.
Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money through their efforts They say that sharing music online has resulted in a huge drop in profits and sales over the past 10 years. People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every MP3 download.To truly understand the influence of music piracy (盗版行为) on creators, one must understand how many people are involved in the recording process. For the sale of each album, profits must be shared between musicians, sound engineers, music producers，managers, advertisers, and the company selling the product.Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts business of all the companies involved.
There are many people who don't see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right to do it. One online blogger states that he originally paid for an entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material whatever he wants.While he may have legally paid for the music, he does not have the right to provide permission, which means people like the blogger are thieves.
Although we don't spread today's music the same way we did before, there's no doubt that people around the world love to share music. However, Internet piracy would prevent musicians from continuing producing albums for fear of theft. Therefore, if people want to continue listening to their favorite artists, they need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profit to continue their music careers.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。作者论述了在没有经过音乐版权持有人允许的情况下在网上分享音乐的危害。
4．The underlined phrase “cracking down on” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．bringing up carefully
B．speaking highly of
C．dealing seriously with
D．destroying completely
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句后面的句子(未经允许在网上分享音乐是偷窃行为)可知画线短语的意思是“严厉打击”，此意思与C项(严肃对待)最相近，故答案为C项。A项意为“悉心培养”；B项意为“高度赞扬”；D项意为“彻底摧毁”。
答案：C
5．What can we infer from the text?
A．Artists are taking action to protect their right.
B．Sharing music files online affects a lot of people.
C．Online music sharing increases sales of music CDs.
D．A person who bought a CD has the right to share it online.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For the sale of each album，profits must be shared between musicians，sound engineers，music producers，managers，advertisers，and the company selling the product.”可知，在网上分享音乐会影响许多人，故答案为B项。
答案：B
6．How is the text organized?
A．Topic—Argument—Explanation.
B．Opinion—Discussion—Description.
C．Main idea—Comparison—Supporting statements.
D．Introduction—Supporting statements—Conclusion.
解析：推理判断题。文章第一段提出观点(Sharing music online without permission is theft.)，第二、三段论证了这一观点，第四段进行了总结(Therefore，if people want to continue...，they need to buy their music...)。由此可知本题答案为D项。
答案：D
7．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Music piracy is a kind of theft.
B．Sharing music is acceptable.
C．Downloading music should be punished.
D．Music piracy is good for music lovers.
解析：主旨大意题。本文是从“Sharing music online without permission is theft.”这一论点展开的，由此可知本文的中心是“音乐盗版是一种盗窃”，故答案为A项。
答案：A
C
Having an older brother or sister comes with plenty of benefits. Big brothers and sisters tend to look out for their younger siblings, and despite the occasional rocky moments，many siblings have lifelong close relationships.However, a new study finds the interesting downside: children with older brothers take longer when it comes to developing language skills.
The study, conducted by a group of researchers in Paris, France, builds on the earlier research that had already established that having older siblings is associated with poor linguistic (语言的) development. Now, researchers say they have come to a more specific conclusion: only children with older brothers exhibit these linguistic difficulties.
One would assume that children with older brothers would grow up around more conversation on a daily basis, thus speeding up their language development.Yet researchers say such children actually take longer than their older brothers to begin developing these skills.
Researchers studied more than 1,000 children from their birth to the age of five and a half years old. Each child's language skills were tested at ages 2, 3, and 5.5, using tests specially designed to measure numerous aspects of language development such as vocabulary, syntax (句法), and verbal reasoning.
What the research team discovered was significant: children with older brothers had, on average, a two­month delay in their language development compared to children with older sisters.
When explaining this phenomenon, researchers have proposed two hypotheses (假设)．The first hypothesis is that older sisters tend to talk more often than older brothers, which would make up for parents potentially being less present than they were for their first child.The second is that older sisters usually compete with their siblings less than older brothers for their parents' love.
So far, the study's authors say they can't say for certain why children with older brothers have a harder time developing language skills.In the future they would like to investigate if cultures or locations impact the results of the study.
[语篇解读]　有一个哥哥或姐姐有很多益处，哥哥和姐姐倾向于照顾他们的弟弟妹妹，但一项新的研究发现，有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展比较慢。
8．People may enjoy having brothers and sisters because ________.
A．siblings may affect the speed of language learning
B．they share the happy moments on rocky mountains
C．older brothers and sisters will take care of younger ones
D．all siblings will stay close to each other no matter what happens
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“Big brothers and sisters tend to look out for their younger siblings”可知，哥哥和姐姐往往会照顾他们的弟弟、妹妹，由此可推知，很多人可能喜欢有哥哥、姐姐，是因为哥哥、姐姐们会照顾弟弟、妹妹。故选C。
答案：C
9．What does the previous research suggest about having older siblings?
A．Many children prefer having brothers and sisters.
B．It will affect the younger ones' language development.
C．Older brothers may have something to do with the linguistic difficulties.
D．Children with older brothers would grow up around more conversation on a daily basis.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“the earlier research that had already established that having older siblings is associated with poor linguistic development”可知，之前的研究表明，有哥哥姐姐与语言能力发展不良有关。故选B。
答案：B
10．Why do children with older brothers experience the delay in language development?
A．Probably because older brothers are eager for more attention.
B．Probably because parents tend to focus more on the first child.
C．Probably because children with older brothers are usually less competitive.
D．Probably because older sisters get less love from their parents compared to older brothers.
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段第三句“The second is that older sisters usually compete with their siblings less than older brothers for their parents' love.”可知，对于有哥哥的孩子语言能力发展比有姐姐的慢这个现象的原因，研究人员提出的第二个假设是，为了得到父母的爱，姐姐们通常比哥哥们更少地与弟弟妹妹竞争。由此可推知，哥哥们渴望得到更多的关注。故选A。
答案：A
11．Which one is the best title for the passage?
A．Having older siblings: a good thing or a disaster?
B．The delay of your children's language development
C．Why do children suffer from poor language skills?
D．Older brothers may affect younger ones in language learning
解析：标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究——有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展要比有姐姐的孩子慢。文章第一段介绍了该研究的发现，第二至第七段详细介绍了该研究的过程、发现及对这种现象发生原因的假设，故D项最适合作本文标题。
答案：D
D
Different types of memories are stored in different regions of our brains.Long­term memory is divided into two types: declarative and procedural.
There are two types of declarative memory: Recollections of experiences such as the day we started school are called episodic memory (事件记忆)．This type of recall is our explanation of an episode or event that occurred.Factual knowledge, on the other hand, such as the capital of France, is part of semantic (语义的) memory.These two types of declarative memory content have one thing in common—you are aware of the knowledge and can communicate the memories to others.
Skills such as playing an instrument or riding a bicycle are, however, rooted in a separate system called procedural memory.
In the 1950s, an epileptic (癫痫患者) named Henry Gustav Molaison (H.M.) underwent the removal of portions of his brain.After the operation, doctors found that although H．M.'s condition got much better, he was unable to form new memories.Many of his memories before the operation were also erased.
To learn more about his condition, neuropsychologists carried out various tests with H．M.In one, they asked him to draw a five­pointed star on a sheet of paper while only looking at it and his hand in a mirror which means the image was reversed (颠倒的)．Although H．M.'s hand­eye coordination skills improved over the several days, he never remembered performing it.
Is procedural knowledge then fundamentally more stable than explicit knowledge? As it turns out, the former is more resistant to both loss and trauma (创伤)．Even with traumatic brain injury the procedural memory system is hardly ever compromised.That's probably because the structures responsible for processing nondeclarative memory are protected in the brain's center.However, it's not clear, beyond brain damage, why procedural memory contents are not as easily forgotten as declarative ones are.According to one idea, in the regions where movement patterns are rooted, fewer new nerve cells may be formed in adults.Without the development of nerve tissues, it's less likely for those memories to get erased.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。我们大脑里的不同部分分管不同的记忆这就是有些记忆容易丧失而有些不容易丧失的原因。
12．What can we learn about episodic memory from the text?
A．It is the same as semantic memory.
B．It is responsible for one's performance.
C．It deals with memories that can be shared.
D．It is divided into short­term and long­term memories.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，事件记忆可以与人分享。
答案：C
13．What happened to H．M.after the operation?
A．He lost all the memories stored in his brain.
B．He couldn't remember what he had done.
C．He found it hard to keep his temper.
D．He was unable to recognize things.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句以及第五段的例子可知，术后H.M.无法记住自己做过些什么。
答案：B
14．What might the neuropsychologists most probably conclude from the tests?
A．H.M.couldn't recognize a thing when it was reversed.
B．H.M.could develop new procedural memories.
C．H.M.could create new declarative memories.
D．H.M.couldn't learn to perform a new task.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的最后一句可知，尽管H.M.无法记住自己做过的事，但他的手眼协调性越来越好，这表明他可以形成新的程序记忆。
答案：B
15．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The effects of traumatic brain injury.
B．The functions of different parts of our brain.
C．Why procedural memories are less likely to get lost.
D．Differences between declarative and procedural memories.
解析：段落大意题。最后一段主要分析了程序记忆不容易忘记的原因。
答案：C
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is self­esteem (自尊)? Many people agree that this term describes a person's level of confidence. 　1　 A student with healthy self­esteem，therefore, has faith in his or her abilities and value, and may feel that he or she can achieve realistic goals.
Discussions are common classroom practices, and provide another opportunity to observe the effects of self­esteem on students' behavior.When students discuss class topics, they learn to express complex ideas and respond to different arguments. 　2　 Likewise, a student with weak self­esteem is probably more unlikely to prove his or her own viewpoints.
Another effect of self­esteem is apparent when looking at students' levels of motivation. 　3　 A high school student with healthy self­esteem might aim to enter a famous university while a person with low self­esteem might not believe that he or she is smart enough to go to college.
　4　 For example, a student with unhealthy self­esteem might feel that he or she never has enough time to finish assignments.Instead of working out a schedule that makes sense, he or she might decide that he or she is simply not able