2018年高考英语全国2卷试题与答案.doc

*2018 年全国普通高等学校统一考试英语试题第二部阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASummer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activitiesthey would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them toindicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their children?s choices.MemberActivity Description Costof staffTake yourself out of your comfort zone for aweek, discover new personal qualities, andOutdoorlearn new skills. You will be able to take part in Adventurea number of activities from canoeing to wild Mr.Clemens 140camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and(OUT)work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoorenvironment.On Monday we travel to London. After staying WW Battlovernight in London, we travel on Day 2 toefields and Mrs. Wilson 425northern France to visit the World WarParis (WBP)battlefields. On day 3 we cross into Belgium.Thursday sees us make the short journey to英语试卷 第 1 页 共 12 页*Paris where we will visit Disneyland Parispark, staying until late to see the parade and thefireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visitcentral Paris and tour the main sights.Four days of product design centred aroundCrafty foxes(CRF)textiles. Making lovely objects using recycledand made materials. Bags, cushion anddecorations Learn skills and leave withMrs. Goode 30modern and unusual textiles.Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buypicnic, stay overnight in an approved YouthPotty about Hostel in Streatly-on-Thames, guided tour ofPotter Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch Miss Drake 150(POT) outside Oxfords Christchurch, boating on theRiver Cherwell through the University Parks,before heading back to Exeter.21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D.POT.22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?A. Travel to London B. see a parade and fireworks.C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields.23. How long does Potty about Potter last?A. Two days. B. Four days C. Five days D. One week.BMany of us love July because it?s the month when nature?s berries and stonefruits are in abundance. These colorful and sweet jewels from British Columbia?sfields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although,because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质), iron and英语试卷第 2页共 12 页zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high inantioxidants (抗氧化物质 ). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches arehigh in the carotenoids we turn into Vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As forcherries(樱桃), they are so delicious who care? However, they are rich in VitaminC.When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make anexcellent base for thick, cooling fruits shakes and low fat “icecream”F. or thispurpose, select ripe bananasfor freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove theskin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeezeof fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozenbananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature ofthe freezer.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berriesor sliced fruit. Out comes a “So-ftserve ”creamy dessert,to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a children?sparty; they love feeding the fruit andfrozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come outbelow.24. What does the author seem to like about cherries?A. They contain protein. B. They are high in vitamin A.C. They have a pleasant taste. D. They are rich in antioxidants.25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A. To make them smell better. B. To keep their colour.C. To speed up their ripening. D. To improve their nutrition.24. What is “a juicer ” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert. B. A drink. C. A container. D. A machine.25. From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.C. A research paper. C. A travel brochure.C英语试卷 第 3 页 共 12 页Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to aCommon Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data inthe report shows that reading remains a big part of many children?slives, andindicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report?skey findings, “theproportion(比例) who say they,hardly ever? read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today. ”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages2-8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each sessionhad declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. Itdoes point out that many parents still limit electronic reading mainly due toconcerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parentsserving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequentreaders, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parentswho read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.At the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom逼( 近)ahead, parents might take the chance to step in and make their own summer readinglist and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.26. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A. Children?s reading habit.sB. Quality of children?s books.C. Children?s afte-rclass activities.D. Parent-child relationships.27. Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot le英语试卷 第 4 页 共 12 页for fun ”?A. In paragraph 2 B. In paragraph 3C. In paragraph 4D. In paragraph 528. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A. E-books are of poor quality.B. It could be a waste of time.C. It may harm children?s health.D. E-readers are expensive.29. How should parents encourage their children to read more?A. Act as role models for them. B. Ask them to write book reports.C. Set up reading groups for them. D. Talk with their reading classteachers.DWe?ve been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded bypeople who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, strugglingwith the uncomfortable silence.What?s the problem? It is possible that we all have compromisedconversational intelligence. It?s more likely that none of us start a conversationbecause it?s awkward and challenging, or we think it?sannoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers,consider that small talk isworth the trouble. Experts say it?s an invaluable social practice that results in bigbenefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can?t forget that deeprelationships wouldn?t even exist if it weren?t for casual conversation. Small talk isthe grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director ofthe Shyness Research Institute at Indian University Southeast. ost every grea“t Almlove story and each big businessdeal begins with small talk, h”e explains. “Thekey to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not justcommunicate with them. ”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC,英语试卷 第 5 页 共 12 页invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out aninteraction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary.Theresults showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantlyhigher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It?s not thathe waiter is better than talking to your husband, ” say Dunn. “But interacperipheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-beingalso. ”Dunn believes that people who research out to strangers feel a significantlygreater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing sucha sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Smalltalk is the basis of goodmanners, ” he says.30. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A. Addiction to smartphones.B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C. Absence of communication between strangers.D. Impatience with slow service.31. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people.C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals.32. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A. It improves family relationships. B. It raises people?sconfidence.C. It matters as much as a formal talk. D. It makes people feel good.33. What is the best title for the text?A. Conversation CountsB. Ways of Making Small TalkC. Benefits of Small TalkD. Uncomfortable Silence第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）英语试卷 第 6 页 共 12 页根据短文内容， 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With suchbusy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working outin the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake andreadyto handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out inthe mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for thewhole day, not in your sleep.39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise sleptbetter than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it ismore difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be morelikely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruintheir good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus onpositive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set youralarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized allday long.A. You will stick to your diet.B. Your quality of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E. You can keep you head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you?re doing it now, then listenup.英语试卷 第 7 页 共 12 页第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（ A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He?d moved to Englandwith his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I?d 41 seenhim. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come tovisit me.I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak (皮筏艇) was in47 . “Something?s not48 ! ” I took off myT-shirt and 49 into the water.I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors, I helped 51 theyoung man out of water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53“What?shis name?”Iasked theinstructor. “Ben,”he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was myson.The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hospital,Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up fordinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. “I just want tosay thank you, ” he said. 5“8 Youmy life! ”I still can?t believ e what a 59 it was. I?m just so glad I was there 60to help my son.34. A. also B. often C. even D. last35. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry36. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed37. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle英语试卷 第 8 页 共 12 页38. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed39. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser40. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle41. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit42. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell43. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking44. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep45. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed46. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar47. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew48. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly49. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave50. A. joked B. returned C. listened D. pointed51. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided52. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain53. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in China-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, thecountry 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumpednearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of itscorn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn?s rise: Thegovernment encouragesfarmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve)water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)英语试卷 第 9 页 共 12 页runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country?s major lakesand reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds thatbetween 2005-when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizeruse dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放） of 51.8million tons of carbon dioxide. China?s approach to protecting its environmentwhile 70 (feed) its citizens “offersuseful lessons for agricu