2021届高考英语二轮复习-仿真模拟练(二)课时优化作业(含解析).doc

2021届高考英语二轮复习 仿真模拟练（二）课时优化作业（含解析）

2021届高考英语二轮复习 仿真模拟练（二）课时优化作业（含解析）

年级：
姓名：

仿真模拟练(二)
本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Improving Your Lifestyle Through Sports
Do you want to lead an active lifestyle? Are you passionate about sports? Have you thought about making new friends? Come on and sign up for any of our classes at our exclusive launch!

We offer classes like badminton, tennis, basketball and volleyball for everyone from the age of 10 to 40.Come to learn more about our classes as well as our special rates.All our classes are conducted by certificated coaches.

Highlights of our launch event：
•1 p．m.：A talk on balancing sports and studies by Dr.Claire Leow.
•3 p．m.：An autograph signing session by professional badminton player Kate Wee, winner of the recent Singapore Open.
•5 p．m.：A talk on how sports can benefit one's lifestyle by Mr.Ryan Tan.
•6 p．m.：A free tennis clinic for children conducted by Michael Ismail, a former professional tennis player.
To register for the above events, please contact Michelle at 6234­6226 or email sports@.
Limited places available on a first­come­first­served basis.
Take part in a lucky draw when you enter for any sports class on the day of our launch! Prizes include VibraSquare Mall vouchers (票券), Wellness & Fitness sports clothing and many more!
Official Sponsors：
VibraSquare Mall　Wellness & Fitness　Glizard Drinks

[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了体育运动课程发布活动的情况，包括发布活动的时间安排、体育运动课程的类型、发布活动最精彩的部分等。
1．What can we know about the mystery gift?
A．It is available anytime during April.
B．It is given to the first fifty class applicants.
C．You may choose vouchers or clothing.
D．Each participant of the launch event can get one.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二个方框内的“A mystery gift will be given to the first 50 people who sign up for any sports class！”可知，报名参加任一体育运动课程的前五十名将获得一份神秘礼物，故B项正确。
答案：B
2．When will kids attend the launch event if they are fond of tennis?
A．At 1 p．m.　　　　　　　 B．At 3 p．m.
C．At 5 p．m. D．At 6 p．m.
解析：细节理解题。根据题干关键词“kids”和“fond of tennis”可定位至文中的“6 p．m.：A free tennis clinic for children conducted by Michael Ismail，a former professional tennis player.”，据此可知，下午6点的活动是前职业网球运动员Michael Ismail带领的儿童免费网球培训班，故D项正确。
答案：D
3．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To report the sports events.
B．To introduce healthy lifestyles.
C．To advertise the sports classes.
D．To give advice on making friends.
解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文第一段最后一句“Come on and sign up for any of our classes at our exclusive launch！”为本文的主题句，并结合下文介绍的发布活动的时间、地点和体育运动课程的类型以及发布活动中的抽奖活动可知，本文是在为体育运动课程做广告，故C项正确。
答案：C
B
At England's University of Plymouth, Professor Eduardo Miranda has been programming pairs of robots to compose music.Miranda's robots have simple “vocal cords” (声带) and are programmed to sing and listen to each other.The robots' unique warbling sounds (颤音) do not perfectly match the human voice，but each machine is exactly sharing music with the other in a new and unique way.
Each robot is equipped with speakers，software that mimics the human voice, a mouth that opens as it “sings”， a microphone for ears, and a camera for eyes. The robots also move.Miranda hopes that by studying his robot vocalists, he can discover something about how and why humans create, perform，and listen to music.
When the robots sing, the first robot makes six random sounds.Its partner responds with more sounds.The first robot analyzes the sounds to see if their sequences (顺序) are similar.If they are, it nods its head and commits the sounds to memory, and the second robot notices and “memorizes” the musical sequence, too. If the first robot thinks the sounds are too different, it shakes its head and both robots ignore the sounds.Then the process continues.
Miranda set up an experiment in which he left the two robots alone in his study for two weeks.When he returned, his little warblers had, by imitating each other, not only shared notes but combined them.The product of their cooperation was far from symphonic, but the robots had begun to combine the notes into their own self­developed “songs”．
With the help of his warbling robots, one of Miranda's goals is to create music that no human would ever compose.Miranda believes the robots are ideal for this purpose because they would not be influenced by any existing musical styles or rules.
[语篇解读]　普利茅斯大学的教授Eduardo Miranda通过编写程序让一对机器人创作音乐。本文介绍了Miranda的实验过程以及他的目标等。
4．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “mimics” in Paragraph 2?
A．Substitutes.　　　　　　　 B．Interrupts.
C．Controls. D．Copies.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“a mouth that opens as it ‘sings’， a microphone for ears, and a camera for eyes”可知，“唱歌”时嘴张开、麦克风用作耳朵、摄像头用作眼睛。由此可推知，此处表示用来模仿人声的软件，故D项正确。A项意为“代替，取代”。
答案：D
5．What did the two robots do during Miranda's experiment?
A．They interacted with each other.
B．They ignored the unique sound.
C．They learned to sing better than humans.
D．They committed random sounds to memory.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“When the robots sing，the first robot makes six random sounds.Its partner responds with more sounds.”可知，当机器人唱歌时，第一个机器人发出六个随机的声音；它的同伴会发出更多的声音来回应。并结合该段其他内容可知，在唱歌时，机器人之间会互动，故A项正确。
答案：A
6．What does Miranda want his robots to do?
A．Sing as well as humans do.
B．Create new styles of music.
C．Memorize a variety of music.
D．Promote traditional musical forms.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“With the help of his warbling robots，one of Miranda's goals is to create music that no human would ever compose.”可知，Miranda的目标之一就是凭借机器人的帮助创作出人类永远无法创作出的音乐，即创造出新风格的音乐，故B项正确。
答案：B
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．Future robots.　　　　　 B．Special songs.
C．Music by robots. D．Experiments by Miranda.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句“At England's University of Plymouth, Professor Eduardo Miranda has been programming pairs of robots to compose music.”为全文的主题句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了Eduardo Miranda教授用机器人创作音乐的实验过程。故C项正确。
答案：C
C
A new study shows thornbills (刺嘴蜂鸟), a kind of little birds, have evolved a technique that enables them to imitate the goshawk (苍鹰) alarm calls produced by other small neighboring species in order to scare away nest attackers such as pied currawongs (澳洲喜鹊), according to a study conducted by scientists at the University of Cambridge.
Pied currawongs, 40 times bigger than thornbills, are sensitive to the goshawk alarm calls made by other species to help them avoid being hunted by the coming goshawks.Therefore, the medium­sized black birds take the false alarm made by the six­gram thornbills as a real call and leave the tiny birds alone.
“The enormous size difference between a tiny thornbill and a 0.5 kg goshawk might make it difficult for thornbills to imitate goshawk vocalization (发声) accurately, limiting them to imitating the sound of goshawk alarm calls given by small local species instead，” said Jessica McLachlan, a PhD student from Cambridge's Department of Zoology.
“As goshawks are silent when they hunt, the alarm calls of local species may be the only sound that warns of a goshawk's presence，” Jessica McLachlan further noted.
When pied currawongs are distracted by the false alarm calls, thornbill nestlings (雏鸟) will have enough time to escape.“Distracting a pied currawong attacking the nest could give elder thornbill nestlings a chance to escape and hide in the surrounding plants，” said Dr.Branislav Igic, director of the study, from ANU.
“It's perhaps the best nest defense for thornbills in the circumstances because physical attacks on the much larger pied currawongs are hopeless，” Dr.Branislav Igic added.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。体型微小的刺嘴蜂鸟能够模仿苍鹰来袭的警报声以吓跑捕食者。
8．What's thornbills' purpose in imitating the goshawk alarm calls?
A．To look for food.　　 B．To confuse enemies.
C．To attract other birds. D．To entertain their nestlings.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，当刺嘴蜂鸟发出苍鹰来袭的警报时，澳洲喜鹊会当真，不敢去袭击它。由此可知，刺嘴蜂鸟学苍鹰来袭的警报声的目的是迷惑猎食者。
答案：B
9．Why are pied currawongs sensitive to the goshawk alarm calls?
A．They live near goshawks.
B．They are friendly to goshawks.
C．Goshawks hunt and eat them.
D．They can't bear the sharp cry.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，澳洲喜鹊对苍鹰来袭的警报声敏感是因为它们害怕自己被苍鹰吃掉。
答案：C
10．What makes it hard for the thornbill to imitate goshawk vocalization?
A．Its relatively small size.
B．The disturbance of other species.
C．The threat from pied currawongs.
D．The silence of goshawks when they hunt.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，刺嘴蜂鸟体型微小，因此很难直接模仿苍鹰的叫声。
答案：A
11．What do Branislav Igic's words suggest?
A．Thornbills have weak surviving ability.
B．Thornbills have poor ability to imitate.
C．Thornbills can hardly cheat pied currawongs.
D．Thornbills have a good way to defend themselves.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Branislav Igic的话可知，刺嘴蜂鸟在体型上不是澳洲喜鹊的对手，因此模仿苍鹰来袭的警报声是一种很好地保护自己的手段。
答案：D
D

How did people look after their children in the Stone Age? It turns out that prehistoric parents may not have been so different to modern moms and dads.Clay vessels (器皿) that have been found in Germany could have been used to supplement breast milk and wean (使断奶) children more than 5,000 years ago.They are thought to be some of the first­known baby bottles.Our results showed that three vessels contained animal milk, either from cows, sheep, or goats.Their presence in child graves suggests they were used to feed babies animal milk.
This is interesting because animal milk would only have become available as humans changed their lifestyles and settled in farming communities.It's at that time—the dawn of agriculture—that people first raised cows, sheep, goats, and pigs.The widespread use of animal milk to feed babies or as a supplementary weaning food in some parts of the world improved nutrition，contributing to an increased birth rate.
This research gives us a greater insight into the lives of mothers and babies in the past and how prehistoric families were dealing with baby feeding and nutrition at what would have been a very risky time in a child's life.The death rate of children would have been high—there were no antibiotics (抗生素) in those days—and feeding babies with animal milk would have come with its own set of risks.Although it may have provided a valuable source of nutrition, today we know that unpasteurized (未经巴氏杀菌的) milk carries the risk of being spoiled by bacteria and can pass on disease from the animal.
Both the ancient Greeks and the Romans used very similar vessels and we know of a small number in a prehistoric site in Sudan.It would be interesting to see how these generations of children were fed and raised elsewhere in the world.It makes us feel better to know that despite the vast distance of time, these people loved and cared for their children in much the same way as we do today.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。研究者在德国发现装有动物乳汁的黏土容器，这表明史前人类在孩子断奶期间已经开始用动物乳汁来作辅食。
12．What did the researchers find out about prehistoric people?
A．They used clay vessels to store breast milk.
B．They fed babies animal milk with clay vessels.
C．They fed babies breast milk longer than thought.
D．They made vessels in the shape of animals for babies.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，德国研究者发现在5 000年前人们就开始给孩子用黏土容器喂动物乳汁，作为孩子断奶期间的辅食。
答案：B
13．What do we know about the animal milk in prehistoric times from the text?
A．It increased babies' risk of falling ill.
B．It was only available for rich families.
C．It helped people live longer than expected.
D．It provided all the nutrition babies needed.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，虽然动物乳汁可以为孩子们提供营养，但当时没有抗生素，这些乳汁没有经过消毒，这增加了孩子们受病毒感染以及疾病传播的概率。
答案：A
14．What does the author probably think of the way prehistoric people raised kids?
A．It is scientific. B．It is unreliable.
C．It is comforting. D．It is ridiculous.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It makes us feel better to know that...”可推知，尽管时间久远，但知道人类对孩子的关爱和照顾的方式和现代人一样，仍让我们感到欣慰。
答案：C
15．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．Prehistoric people ate many of the things we eat today.
B．Prehistoric parents may have a better way to raise children.
C．Prehistoric people could make different vessels used to feed babies.
D．Prehistoric baby bottles show how we raised kids 5,000 years ago.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了研究者在德国发现装有动物乳汁的黏土容器，这表明史前人类在孩子断奶期间已经开始用动物乳汁来作辅食。
答案：D
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Housing swaps are becoming very popular for people who want to travel，but want to stay at a private home instead of a hotel.In this type of exchange，a person swaps his/her house with another person in an area he/she wishes to travel to. 　16　 In fact, apartments and even yachts (快艇) and recreational vehicles are exchanged as well.
In addition to a housing swap, you can choose a hospitality (好客) exchange in which people host guests in their home, and then are hosted later in their guests' home. 　17　 For those interested in arranging a housing swap，there are websites that can facilitate (使便利) the exchange.
The benefits of a housing swap are obvious.It is free, so you can save a lot of money. 　18　 Some prefer to stay at a private home over a hotel because it is more comfortable, and you can rest at ease knowing that someone is taking care of your home while you're away.
　19　 The exchange is built on mutual (相互的) trust between strangers, sometimes thousands of miles apart.So it is difficult to guarantee that the house you are interested in is accurately described and that the person will take care of your home while you're away.
When you leave your house, make sure that you leave specific instructions about the home and your expectations.Contact the post office to hold your mail and lock away your valuables.Do any yard maintenance and pay last­minute bills 　20　
A．A housing swap is not limited to houses.
B．Besides, it is more flexible and convenient.
C．There are also some drawbacks of a housing swap.
D．You'd better leave the house with a small thank­you gift.
E．Leave it in the same or better shape than it was in when you arrived.
F．This is a social arrangement that provides the opportunity to have a tour guide if you're lucky.
G．It's nice to leave a little welcome gift with information about the area and activities.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是住房互换。
16．解析：由空后的内容“In fact, apartments and even yachts and recreational vehicles are exchanged as well.”可知，两句之间为递进关系，说明房屋交换不局限于只交换房子。
答案：A
17．解析：F项中的this指的是a hospitality exchange，好客交换是一种社交安排，如果你幸运的话，你有机会拥有一个导游。
答案：F
18．解析：B项内容与空前内容并列，共同说明房屋交换带来的好处。
答案：B
19．解析：本段主要讲房屋交换的弊端，C项与本段内容吻合，是本段的主旨句。
答案：C
20．解析：本段主要是提出建议，告诉我们把房屋留给对方之前，需要把一切事宜安排妥当，并建议给房屋交换者留下一份欢迎的小礼物，里面有当地情况介绍和活动介绍。
答案：G
第二部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At 36, I have three kids and a great husband, and I'm enjoying a challenging but fun career.Although this is __21__，sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly am.
The chaos of the family kitchen __22__ my brain: the noise of the kettle, pots and the dishes, and the conversation demands while I'm making breakfast. I escape __23__ to my bedroom.Only in silence do I hear the self that is __24__ from the children and wonder who that person might be.
So, I journeyed, for the first t