2020-2021学年高中英语-UNIT-3-CONSERVATION作业北师大版选择性必修第一册.doc

2020-2021学年高中英语 UNIT 3 CONSERVATION作业北师大版选择性必修第一册2020-2021学年高中英语 UNIT 3 CONSERVATION作业北师大版选择性必修第一册年级：姓名：UNIT 3CONSERVATION第一部分阅读(50分)第一节(共15小题，每题25分，375分)AGiven Europes high concentration of gorgeous big cities and worldclass art museums, it is easy to completely overlook the continents abundance of small, quiet villages and towns. However, if you are after relaxation, peaceful country walks, beautiful architecture and opportunities for cultural appreciation on your next trip across the pond, consider cutting down some of your city time and head out to a village instead. Here are four of the most charming villages in Europe, along with our top picks for places to stay in each.Eze in Cota DAzur, FranceSet on a hilltop overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, the Provencal township of Eze is easily one of the most picturesque spots in the region. It is largely a tourist destination, and many of its buildings dates back to the Middle Age. In fact, Eze is particularly popular with couples seeking romantic solitude.Hotel pick: Chateau de la ChevreBadenBaden in Wurttemberg, GermanyGermanys bestknown spa town, BadenBaden, in the Black Forest of BadenWurttemberg, has been a popular spot for soaking in mineralrich waters off and on since the Roman era. And while spa treatments and hot springs are still among the most popular draws for tourists, there are also plenty of museums, gardens, performing arts venues and charming old buildings and churches.Hotel pick: Hotel Belle EpoqueMontepulciano in Tuscany, ItalySpread over a hilltop nearly 2,000 metres above sea level, the Tuscan village of Montepulciano offers gorgeous Renaissance architecture as well as opportunities to visit wine companies. Surrounded by strong walls dating back to the 14th century, the village features a handful of churches and public squares.Hotel pick: Etruria ResortOia in Santorini, GreeceOia is undoubtedly the most charming village on the beautiful Greek island of Santorini. This oftphotographed cliffside town is best known as a sunsetviewing spot, but it is fantastic any time of day thanks to its abundance of typical whitewashed structures topped with blue domes plus its fabulous views out onto the Aegean Sea.Hotel pick: Hotel Aspaki1Which village will newlymarried couples most possibly choose to spend their honeymoon?AOia.BBadenBaden.CMontepulciano. DEze.2The visit to Montepulciano will be different from to other three because _.Ayou can appreciate Renaissance architectureByou can enjoy a beautiful sunset viewCyou can have a spa treatmentDyou can overlook Mediterranean Sea3You probably find this passage in _.ATimesBNational GeographicCReaders DigestDEconomist【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要介绍了欧洲大陆上四个最迷人的村庄及其景点，即法国阿杜尔的埃兹、德国巴登巴登、意大利托斯卡纳的蒙特普齐亚诺和希腊圣托里尼的伊亚。1D细节理解题。根据Eze in Cota DAzur, France部分中的最后一句“In fact, Eze is particularly popular with couples seeking romantic solitude.”可知，Eze尤其受到追求浪漫单独相处的夫妇的欢迎。故新婚夫妇最可能选择度蜜月的村庄是Eze。故选D项。2A细节理解题。根据第二个村庄Montepulciano in Tuscany部分可知，蒙特普齐亚诺有华丽的文艺复兴建筑这个村落环绕着坚固的城墙，可以追溯到十四世纪，村子里有几座教堂和广场。可知这个村庄区别于其他的村庄就是可欣赏到文艺复兴时期的建筑风格。故选A项。3B推理判断题。文章说，鉴于欧洲高度集中的大城市和世界级的艺术博物馆，人们很容易完全忽略大陆上众多小而安静的村庄和城镇。接着就介绍了几个国家的最迷人的村庄。故选B项。BThe Mississippi is a romantic river whose relationship with man goes back beyond its discovery by the Spaniards in the 16th century. Indians used the river as a highway and as a source of food, and it was they who gave it its name “misi”， meaning “great” and “sipi” meaning “water”When the length of its great tributary (支流), the Missouri, is added to it, the Mississippi becomes the third longest river in the world. From the source of the Missouri to the tip of the delta (三角洲), it is 2,480 miles long. Its head waters have been compared to a healthy, thickbranched tree, healthy because its main branches, or tributaries, are navigable for most of their length.The Indians paddled up and down the river in their canoes. The first streamer was launched in 1810It had a single great paddlewheel at the stern, and was known as a “paddlewheeler.” Throughout the 19th century these unique ships were queens of the Mississippi. They have become part of American history and American literature. The noted writer, Mark Twain, immortalized (使不朽) the river in his greatest novel, Huckleberry Finn, and Oscar Hammerstein immortalized it in his song, Old Man River, which was made popular all over the world by the great black American singer and actor, Paul Robeson.4The Mississippi was discovered by the _.AAmericans BIndiansCSpaniards DQueens of the Mississippi5Indians gave _ the name “misi and sipi” meaning “great water”Athe Mississippi Bthe MissouriCthe tributary Dthe delta6Because most of the Mississippis length can be navigated, it has been compared to a _.AbranchBriverCpaddle Dtree7During _ the single paddlewheel ships were queens of the Mississippi.Athe 16th century Bthe 19th centuryCthe 17th century Dthe 15th century【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了密西西比河的名字来源、基本概况及其他相关的信息。4C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Mississippi is a romantic river whose relationship with man goes back beyond its discovery by the Spaniards in the 16th century.”可知，密西西比河是西班牙人发现的。故选C项。5A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Indians used the river as a highway and as a source of food, and it was they who gave it its name misi， meaning great and sipi meaning water”可知，印第安人把这条河作为一条高速公路和一个食物来源，是他们给它起了名字“misi”，意思是“伟大的”，“sipi”意思是“水”。由此可知，印第安人给密西西比河命名为“misi and sipi”，意思是“伟大的水”。故选A项。6D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Its head waters have been compared to a healthy, thickbranched tree, healthy because its main branches, or tributaries, are navigable for most of their length.”可知，它的源头被比作一棵健康的、粗壮的树，之所以健康是因为它的主要分支或支流在大部分长度上都是可以航行的。由此可知，因为密西西比河的大部分长度都可以航行，它被比作一棵树。故选D项。7B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Throughout the 19th century these unique ships were queens of the Mississippi.”可知，整个19世纪，这些独特的船只都是密西西比河的女王。由此可知，在19世纪，单桨轮船是密西西比河的女王。故选B项。CRight in front of the Minneapolis Central Library, a row of green hikes sits parked in a special stand. Each hike is designed with the logo “Nice Ride”， the name of the citys bikeshare program.Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow. To rent a bike, you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station. Members can rent one of 1,200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesotas largest city. People use the Nice Ridebikes to go to work, to go out on business, or just to enjoy the citys many bike paths.The rise of bikeshare programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving. Skyrocketing gas prices and concerns about the environment have also gotten people to dust off their bike helmets, pump air into flat tires, and hit the road.Why ride? Not only is biking good exercise, but switching from a car to a bike also reduces the amount of pollution in the air. Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas linked to climate change, is one of the many polluting substances that come out of a cars tailpipe.Bikeshare systems are found around the world in cities like London, Paris, Barcelona, and Melbourne, Australia. The largest program with 70,000 bikes is in Wuhan, China.To make roads friendlier to nonmotorists, the U. S. Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars in cycling and pedestrian projects in recent years. The money went toward building thousands of miles of onstreet bike lanes and bike and pedestrianonly passages called greenways.8If one wants to use the bike, its a must to _.Agive away a bicycleBknow Nice Ride wellCpay the cost in advanceDget a membership card9Which of the following can people do with the bikes?AEarn a living.BEnjoy bike ways.CCompete in a race.DRent them out to others.10Paragraph 4 is mainly about _.Abenefits of bikingBpollution caused by carsCmethods to use the bikesDways to reduce pollution11The authors purpose in writing this text is to _.Aspread bikeshare programsBseek advice for Nice RideCcompare Nice Ride with librariesDintroduce the public bike system【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了公共自行车体系。就像借书一样，人们可以用会员卡在许多自行车站租用自行车，这样人们在锻炼身体的同时也减少了空气污染。8D细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“To rent a bike, you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station.”可知，若想租用自行车必须有会员卡。故选D项。9B细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business, or just to enjoy the citys many bike paths.”可知，人们可以用这些自行车享受自行车车道。故选B项。10A段落大意题。第四段主要介绍了骑自行车带来的好处，既能锻炼身体，又能减少空气污染。故选A项。11D写作意图题。本文由Nice Ride这一项目引出话题，主要介绍了公共自行车体系。故选D项。DAsk someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that overconsumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.12What does the underlined word “overconsumption” refer to?AUsing too much packaging.BRecycling too much waste.CMaking more products than necessary.DHaving more material than needed.13The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _.Athe tendency of cutting household wasteBthe increase of packaging recyclingCthe rapid growth of supermarketsDthe fact of packaging overuse14What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?AUnpackaged products are of bad quality.BSupermarkets care more about packaging.CIt is improper to judge quality by packaging.DOther products are better packaged than food.15What can we learn from the last paragraph?AFighting wastefulness is difficult.BNeedless material is mostly recycled.CPeople like collecting recyclable waste.DThe author is proud of his consumer culture.【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文，讲述了过度包装的现状、人们对包装的认识和过度包装的危害，指出虽然有更多人已经开始循环利用，但形势很严峻，要想改变现状是一项艰巨的任务。12D词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，“我们正在以最环保的方式处理_的后果，但如果我们一开始不带那么多的材料回家，情况会好得多”。故推知画线部分意义应为“过度消费”，与后面的“不带那么多的材料”形成对比转折。故选D项。13D推理判断题。根据第二段中引用的数字“The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK(从1999年到2005年，包装总量增加了12%。它现在占了英国典型家庭垃圾的三分之一)”可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题。故选D项。14C推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差，可以推断出以包装评判产品是不对的。故选C项。15A推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.”可知，我们需要面对我们消费文化中的浪费，但我们还有一座高山要攀登，所以回收利用抗击浪费任务艰巨。故选A项。第二节(每小题25分，满分125分)World Wildlife Day 3rd March 2020Our planet is home to every lifeform we know._16_Humans are no different. We depend on wildlife and on the planets rich biodiversity for our survival and wellbeing. We might think we have fully bent nature to our needs, but we entirely depend on the resources of our biosphere to meet the needs of over seven billion people. And nature has its own needs. _17_ After all, we are only one link in the chain of life. When we harm other links in the chain, we hurt the bond of life that unites us all._18_ But we can prevent that. We must conserve the wild plants, animals, and ecosystems around us._19_ By doing so, we are protecting ourselves.In 2020, World Wildlife Day celebrates biodiversity, including wild fauna and flora, in all its varied and beautiful forms._20_AWe must be careful not to overexploit it.BToday, unsustainable human activity could cause up to a million species to go extinct.CThese come in all shapes and sizes from the most unfamiliar to the ones you see every day.DWe need one another for food and sustenance.EWe must use our natural heritage wisely and sustainably.FWere not always the kindest neighbors to each other.GLets work together to build a world that can truly sustain all life on Earth.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，2020年3月3日是世界野生动物日，作者号召大家共同努力，保护野生动物。保护自然，也就是保护人类自己。16C空前一句提到“我们的星球是我们所知道的每个生命体的家园”；选项C意思为：它们有各种各样的形状和大小从最不熟悉的到你每天都能看到的。选项C 中these指代空前一句的every lifeform。故选C项。17A空前一句提到“自然也有自己的需要”；空后提到“毕竟，我们只是生命链中的一个环节”；选项A意思为：我们必须小心，不要过度开发。选项A是承上启下，其中it指代空前一句中的nature，空后的内容是对选项A做进一步的说明。故选A项。18B选项B意思为：今天，不可持续的人类活动可能导致多达一百万种物种灭绝。空后一句提到“但我们可以防止”，but表示转折关系，句中的that即指代选项C的内容。故选B项。19E空前一句提到“我们必须保护我们周围的野生植物、动物和生态系统”；选项E意思为：我们必须明智、可持续地利用我们的自然遗产，其中“We must use”与空前一句中的“We must conserve”是并列的句式，都是说明空后一句“By doing so”的具体做法，即如何保护自然。故选E项。20G文章最后一段指出世界野生动物日的意义；选项G意思为：让我们共同努力，建立一个真正能维持地球上所有生命的世界。选项G 是号召大家共同努力，与空前一句的语义顺承。故选G项。第二部分语言运用(30分)第一节(每小题1分，满分15分)When Bill Geske was diagnosed with cancer six years ago, his life was turned upside down.After being _21_ to the emergency room with severe stomach pain, doctors found a tumor in his left kidney and unusual spots on his lungs. For treatment, Geske had the kidney removed and at the time the spots were _22_. However, a few months later, he learned from doctors that the cancer had indeed spread.The situation wasnt good, and doctors estimated his _23_ to be no more than two years._24_ the emotional and physical pains, his personal and family life suffered.“We have a family business. We have two children who were thrown into the middle of this chaos _25_， and theyve had to grow up very fast and handle the business, which they knew nothing about.” he said.But _26_ all the chaos, there has been one constant: his wife Diane.Whether it was accompanying hi