卧式双面铰孔组合机床电气系统设计英文翻译学士学位论文.doc

襄 樊 学 院 理 工 学 院毕业设计(论文)英文翻译题 目About TOOL关于组合机床专 业机械设计制造及其自动化班 级姓 名学 号指导教师职 称2011年 4月 30 日装订线襄樊学院理工学院 毕业设计（论文）报告纸About TOOLMachine Tool (transfer and unit machine) machine tool is based on common components, together with the workpiece by a specific shape and design of special processing technology parts and fixtures, consisting of semi-automatic or automatic machine tools. Machines and mechanical and electrical auto line is an integrated set of higher degree of automation of manufacturing technology and complete technology and equipment. It is characterized by high efficiency, high-quality, economical and practical, they have been widely used in construction machinery, transportation, energy, industry, light industry, household appliances and other industries. The combination of traditional machine tools and machine tools automatic production line mainly uses the combination of mechanical, electrical, gas, hydraulic control, its main targets is the production of bulk processing of large and medium-sized box type, and shaft parts to complete the drilling, reaming, reaming and processing of various threads, boring, and the boss end cars, tanks of various shapes in the hole boring, and milling and forming flat noodles. As technology advances, a new combination of tools - flexible machine tool more and more people of all ages, it applied a number of spindle box, you can change the spindle box, code accompanying the automatic replacement of fixtures and tools, together with the available programmable controller (PLC), numerical control (NC), able to arbitrarily change the duty cycle control and drive systems, and the flexibility to adapt to variety the adjustable variable combination of processing machine. Combination of machining methods. Generally use multi-axis machine tool, multi tool, multi-process, multi-faceted or multi-station while processing means higher productivity than the general machine several times to several times. The common parts have been standardized and serialized, can be flexibly configured and can shorten the design and manufacturing cycle. Therefore, the combination of both machine tools and high-efficiency low-cost advantages, large, mass production has been widely used, and can be used to form an automatic production line. Machine Tool Box for processing general or special shapes of parts. Processing, the workpiece is generally not rotate, the tool rotation and tool and workpiece relative feed motion, to achieve the drilling, reaming, counter sinking, reaming, boring, milling surface, cutting and processing internal and external cylindrical thread and end and so on. Some machine tool head by turning the workpiece is rotated by a tool for feed motion, but also realize some of the revolving parts (such as the flywheel, axle rear axle, etc.) of the cylindrical and end processing. Machine tools development. Since the 70s the twentieth century, with the turning tool, fine-toothed milling, boring and tool automatically detects the size of automatic compensation technology, the combination of machining accuracy is also improved. Milling plane flatness up to 0.05 mm / 1,000 mm, the surface roughness can be as low as 2.5 to 0.63 microns; boring accuracy IT7 6 level, pitch accuracy is up to O.03 O.02 microns. Machine tools, with the rise of the automobile industry to develop. In certain parts of machine tools for reuse, and gradually developed into a general components, resulting in a combination machine. The first machine tool is made in the United States in 1911, for the processing of automobile parts. Initially, the machine tool manufacturers have their own standards of common parts. In order to improve different parts of the interchangeability of generic manufacturer, user and maintenance, 1953 Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation in consultation with the U.S. machine tool manufacturer to determine the combination of machine tool standardization principle that the stringent requirements links between components size, but not provided for the structure of parts. Machine tool parts classification. General components can be divided into power components according to function, supporting parts, transmission parts, control parts and accessories five. Power components for the machine tool to provide the main movement and feed movement of the parts. The main power box, cutting head and power slider. Supporting parts are for the installation of power slide, with the feeding mechanism of the cutting head or fixture parts, with side base, intermediate base, frame, adjustable brackets, columns and column bases and so on. Transmission components are used to transport a workpiece or spindle box components to processing station, the main partakers degree rotary table, rotary table indexing ring, indexing drum and reciprocating table and so on. Control unit is used to control the duty cycle of automatic machine parts, a hydraulic, electrical cabinets and consoles and so on. Accessories lubrication devices, cooling devices and chip devices. Machine tool development. Machine tool in order to get small and medium volume production applications, often require the application of group technology, similar to the structure and process components focused on a single machine tool process in order to improve machine utilization. There are two such tools often can be combined for box-type machine tool spindle and turret machine tool. The future development of machine tool will be more so with variable speed motor and ball screw drive to simplify the structure and shorten the production cycle; use of digital control system and the spindle box, the fixture automatically change the system to improve the process adjustability; and into the flexible manufacturing systems. In small batch production in machine tool is how to apply it? Machine tool is based on common components, together with the workpiece by a specific shape and design of special processing technology parts and fixtures, consisting of semi-automatic or automatic machine tools. It is commonly used multi-axis, multi-tool, multi-process, multi-faceted or multi-station while processing means higher productivity than the general machine several times to several times. The common parts have been standardized and serialized, can be flexibly configured and can shorten the design and manufacturing cycle. Therefore, the combination of both machine tools and high-efficiency low-cost advantages, large, mass production has been widely used, and can be used to form an automatic production line. Machine tool generally used for processing or extraordinary form for box parts. Processing, the workpiece is generally not rotate, the tool rotation and tool and workpiece relative feed motion, to achieve the drilling, reaming, counter sinking, reaming, boring, milling surface, cutting and processing internal and external cylindrical thread and end and so on. Some machine tool head by turning the workpiece is rotated by a tool for feed motion, but also realize some of the revolving parts (such as the flywheel, axle rear axle, etc.) of the cylindrical and end processing. Machine tools, with the rise of the automobile industry to develop. In the special machine for repeated use in some parts, and gradually developed into a general-purpose components, resulting in a combination machine. The first machine tool is made in the United States in 1911, for the processing of automobile parts. Initially, the machine tool manufacturers have their own standards of common parts. In order to improve different parts of the interchangeability of generic manufacturer, user and maintenance, 1953 Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation in consultation with the U.S. machine tool manufacturer to determine the combination of machine tool standardization principle that the stringent requirements links between components size, but not provided for the structure of parts. General components can be divided into power components according to function, supporting parts, transmission parts, control parts and accessories five. Power components for the machine tool to provide the main movement and feed movement of the parts. The main power box, cutting head and power slider. In order to machine tool can be applied in small and medium volume production, often require the application of group technology, similar to the structure and process components focused on a single machine tool process in order to improve machine utilization. There are two such tools often can be combined for box-type machine tool spindle and turret machine tool. The future development of machine tool will be more so with variable speed motor and ball screw drive to simplify the structure and shorten the production cycle; use of digital control system and the spindle box, the fixture automatically change the system to improve the process adjustability; and into the flexible manufacturing systems. 关于组合机床组合机床（transfer and unit machine）是以通用部件为基础，配以按工件特定形状和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动专用机床。组合机床及其自动线是集机电于一体的综合自动化程度较高的制造技术和成套工艺装备。它的特征是高效、高质、经济实用，因而被广泛应用于工程机械、交通、能源、军工、轻工、家电等行业。我国传统的组合机床及组合机床自动线主要采用机、电、气、液压控制，它的加工对象主要是生产批量比较大的大中型箱体类和轴类零件，完成钻孔、扩孔、铰孔，加工各种螺纹、镗孔、车端面和凸台，在孔内镗各种形状槽，以及铣削平面和成形面等。随着技术的不断进步，一种新型的组合机床柔性组合机床越来越受到人们的青睐，它应用多位主轴箱、可换主轴箱、编码随行夹具和刀具的自动更换，配以可编程序控制器（PLC）、数字控制（NC）等，能任意改变工作循环控制和驱动系统，并能灵活适应多品种加工的可调可变的组合机床。组合机床加工方式。组合机床一般采用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床高几倍至几十倍。由于通用部件已经标准化和系列化，可根据需要灵活配置，能缩短设计和制造周期。因此，组合机床兼有低成本和高效率的优点，在大批、大量生产中得到广泛应用，并可用以组成自动生产线。 组合机床一般用于加工箱体类或特殊形状的零件。加工时，工件一般不旋转，由刀具的旋转运动和刀具与工件的相对进给运动，来实现钻孔、扩孔、锪孔、铰孔、镗孔、铣削平面、切削内外螺纹以及加工外圆和端面等。有的组合机床采用车削头夹持工件使之旋转，由刀具作进给运动，也可实现某些回转体类零件(如飞轮、汽车后桥半轴等)的外圆和端面加工。组合机床的发展史。二十世纪70年代以来，随着可转位刀具、密齿铣刀、镗孔尺寸自动检测和刀具自动补偿技术的发展，组合机床的加工精度也有所提高。铣削平面的平面度可达0.05毫米1000毫米，表面粗糙度可低达2.50.63微米；镗孔精度可达IT76级，孔距精度可达O.03O.02微米。 专用机床是随着汽车工业的兴起而发展起来的。在专用机床中某些部件因重复使用，逐步发展成为通用部件，因而产生了组合机床。 最早的组合机床是1911年在美国制成的，用于加工汽车零件。初期，各机床制造厂都有各自的通用部件标准。为了提高不同制造厂的通用部件的互换性，便于用户使用和维修，1953年美国福特汽车公司和通用汽车公司与美国机床制造厂协商，确定了组合机床通用部件标准化的原则，即严格规定各部件间的联系尺寸，但对部件结构未作规定。组合机床部件分类。通用部件按功能可分为动力部件、支承部件、输送部件、控制部件和辅助部件五类。动力部件是为组合机床提供主运动和进给运动的部件。主要有动力箱、切削头和动力滑台。 支承部件是用以安装动力滑台、带有进给机构的切削头或夹具等的部件，有侧底座、中间底座、支架、可调支架、立柱和立柱底座等。 输送部件是用以输送工件或主轴箱至加工工位的部件，主要有分度回转工作台、环形分度回转工作台、分度鼓轮和往复移动工作台等。控制部件是用以控制机床的自动工作循环的部件，有液压站、电气柜和操纵台等。辅助部件有润滑装置、冷却装置和排屑装置等。组合机床的发展。为了使组合机床能在中小批量生产中得到应用，往往需要应用成组技术，把结构和工艺相似的零件集中在一台组合机床上加工，以提高机床的利用率。这类机床常见的有两种，可换主轴箱式组合机床和转塔式组合机床。组合机床未来的发展将更多的采用调速电动机和滚珠丝杠等传动，以简化结构、缩短生产节拍；采用数字控制系统和主轴箱、夹具自动更换系统，以提高工艺可调性；以及纳入柔性制造系统等。 在中小批量生产中组合机床是如何应用的？组合机床是以通用部件为基础，配以按工件特定外形和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动专用机床。它一般采用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床高几倍至几十倍。由于通用部件已经标准化和系列化，可根据需要灵活配置，能缩短设计和制造周期。因此，组合机床兼有低成本和高效率的优点，在大批、大量生产中得到广泛应用，并可用以组成自动生产线。 组合机床一般用于加工箱体类或非凡外形的零件。加工时，工件一般不旋转，由刀具的旋转运动和刀具与工件的相对进给运动，来实现钻孔、扩孔、锪孔、铰孔、镗孔、铣削平面、切削内外螺纹以及加工外圆和端面等。有的组合机床采用车削头夹持工件使之旋转，由刀具作进给运动，也可实现某些回转体类零件(如飞轮、汽车后桥半轴等)的外圆和端面加工。 专用机床是随着汽车工业的兴起而发展起来的。在专用机床中某些部件因重复使用，逐步发展成为通用部件，因而产生了组合机床。 最早的组合机床是1911年在美国制成的，用于加工汽车零件。初期，各机床制造厂都有各自的通用部件标准。为了提高不同制造厂的通用部件的互换性，便于用户使用和维修，1953年美国福特汽车公司和通用汽车公司与美国机床制造厂协商，确定了组合机床通用部件标准化的原则，即严格规定各部件间的联系尺寸，但对部件结构未作规定。 通用部件按功能可分为动力部件、支承部件、输送部件、控制部件和辅助部件五类。动力部件是为组合机床提供主运动和进给运动的部件。主要有动力箱、切削头和动力滑台。 为了使组合机床能在中小批量生产中得到应用，往往需要应用成组技术，把结构和工艺相似的零件集中在一台组合机床上加工，以提高机床的利用率。这类机床常见的有两种，可换主轴箱式组合机床和转塔式组合机床。 组合机床未来的发展将更多的采用调速电动机和滚珠丝杠等传动，以简化结构、缩短生产节拍；采用数字控制系统和主轴箱、夹具自动更换系统，以提高工艺可调性；以及纳入柔性制造系统等。- 7 -