高中英语虚拟语气知识点名师总结.docx

高中英语虚拟语气知识点名师总结1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、His doctor suggested that he a trip abroad.Awill takeBwould takeCtakeDtook答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他的医生建议他出国旅行。意为“建议”的suggest，后接宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语结构用(should) do形式，should可以省略。故选C项。2、-I was scolded for my wrong judgment.-If only you the issue more thought.AgaveBwould giveChave givenDhad given答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：-我由于错误的判断而受到责备。 -假如你能再做多一些思考就好了。根据“If only.和was scolded ”可知，此句是对过去的虚拟语气。If only从句与过去事实相反，故选D。小提示：if only中的虚拟语气。if only: 常常用来表示强烈的愿望，因为用于虚拟语句时和wish类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。因而使用起来的形式与wish相同。表示与将来情况不同：if only 从句主语would(could, might)+动词原形，eg：If only she would try again.我希望她能再试一次表示与现在情况不同：if only从句主语动词过去式，eg：If only I wasnt going to London.我希望我没去过伦敦.表达与过去情况不同：if only从句主语would/could have/had过去分词，eg：If only you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。3、_ each human being stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life, it would be a blessing.AIsBHad beenCShouldDWere答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果每个人在他成年早期的某个时候失明或失聪几天，这将是一件幸事。根据would be并结合句意，观察选项可知，句子运用虚拟语气，对一般情况的相反假设，条件部分用一般过去时，be stricken构成被动语态，表示虚拟，be动词用were，进行部分倒装，were置于句首，首字母大写。故选D项。4、Due to the popularity of the restaurant, it is advisable that a table_ for a get-together in advance.Amust be reservedBis reservedCbe reservedDwill be reserved答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：由于这家餐馆很受欢迎，建议提前预定一张聚会的桌子。固定句式：it is advisable that 主语+（should）+动词原形+-。此处a table和reserve之间是一种被动关系，故答案为C。5、How I wish I_her some help when he asked me to.AgaveBdid giveCcould have givenDhave given答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望在他要求我帮助她的时候我能给她一些帮助。wish的虚拟语气，对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时：主语wish(that)从句主语would/could have过去分词。故选C。6、They demand that we _ the task on time.AaccomplishBwill accomplishCaccomplishedDhad accomplished答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求我们按时完成任务。动词demand作“要求”之意时，后接宾语从句，从句用should + 动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选A。7、-I had butterflies in my stomach before I gave that talk.-I_nervous too if I had been in you shoes.AwasBwould beChad beenDwould have been答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我在演讲前心里一直忐忑不安。如果当时我是你的话，我也会很紧张的。根据后文had been可知此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句用 had been，主句用 would have done sth，故选D。小提示：if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设haddonewould/could/might/shouldhavedone与现在事实相反的假设过去时(waswere)would/could/might/shoulddo与将来事实相反的假设过去时(waswere);shoulddo;weretodowould/could/might/shoulddo有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故D选项正确。8、 for years of hard training, she would not be standing on the stage, receiving huge cheers and applause.AIt were notBIt had not beenCWere it notDHad it not been.答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：要不是多年的刻苦训练，她不会站在舞台上，获得巨大的欢呼和掌声。根据would判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句省略if可以采用倒装形式替代，If it had been for =Had it not been for表示“要不是”，故D项正确。小提示：本题的解题关键是根据would判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句省略if从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，谓语动词形式为had done，如果省略if，则操作词had倒装，If it had been for =Had it not been for表示“要不是”。9、I missed the chance to meet the movie star in the flesh. How I wish I _ ill yesterday！Adidnt fallBwerent fallingChadnt fallenDhavent fallen答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。解题步骤：1).确定虚拟语气：wish后面接宾语从句的时候用虚拟语气；2).确定时态：根据空后yesterday可知，此处描述的是对过去动作的虚拟，和过去相反的动作用过去完成时。句意：我错过了与这位电影明星见面的机会。我多么希望昨天没有生病啊！故选C。10、Its strongly recommended that the machine _ every year.ArepairBto repairCbe repairedDshould repair答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议这台机器每年被修理一次。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，“It”为形式主语，“that”引导的从句为真正的主语，“recommend”意为“建议”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”，“machine”和“repair”之间为被动关系，故空格处应用“should be repaired”或“be repaired”。故选C项。11、Without the wise leadership of the Party, it _ hard to achieve the GDP growth target for 2020 at between 6 percent and 6).5 percent.Awould have beenBwould beCwereDhad been答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有党的英明领导，很难实现2019年国内生产总值增长66).5的目标。此处是without短语相当于虚拟条件句，根据“2019”判断是对将来的虚拟，主句用would + do的形式，故B项正确。12、She required at the meeting that measures _ to protect the environment which we rely on to live.Ashould takeBmust takeCcould be takenDbe taken答案：D解析：考查虚拟。句意：她在会议上要求采取措施保护我们赖以生存的环境。根据句意可知，动词require“要求”，从句用虚拟即should+动词原形，should可以省略。又measures和动词take之间为被动关系，即should be taken，should可以省略，故选D项。13、I _ a full mark in the last listening exam if I hadnt practiced it during the winter holiday.Adidnt gotBhadnt gotCwouldnt getDwouldnt have got答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我在寒假没有练习听力的话，我就不会在最近的听力考试中得满分。分析句意可知，真正的事实是，我在寒假进行了听力练习，因而在听力考试中得了满分。此句应使用虚拟语气，表示对过去事实的虚拟。故已知从句部分使用过去完成时的否定形式表达虚拟（hadnt practiced），主句应使用过去将来完成时（would have done）表达虚拟，且结合句意应使用否定形式，故选D。14、Experts recommended parents _their children to play computer games for more than an hour a day.Anot allowBdo not allowCmustnt allowDcouldnt allow答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：专家建议父母每天不允许孩子玩电脑游戏超过一个小时。recommend表示主观的肯定时，后面的需要用到虚拟语气，但是其中的should可以省略，且后面应该跟随动词原形，当需要否定的时候，直接在do前面加否定词not，故选A。15、How I wish I had worked harder when I was in that company.If you had, you _ a department manager now.AareBwould beCwould have beenDwere答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望我在公司的时候工作更勤奋一些。如果你当时更勤奋一些，你现在就是部门经理了。答句中if从句是省略回答，完整的从句是if you had worked harder，从句为过去完成时，说明是与过去事实相反的假设，但是题干中的now说明主句是与现在事实相反；与现在事实相反时虚拟条件句的主句中用would/should/could/might+do，由此判断答案是B。16、Look at the trouble you are in！_your parents advice.AIf only you would have followedBIf only you followedCIf only you would followDIf only you had followed答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：看看你现在所处的困境。你要是听从你父母的建议多好啊！句意表达与事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气。Look at the trouble I am in 提示现在已陷入困境，而现在的境况是过去不听从父母的建议导致的。if only“要是该多好啊”表示对过去事实的相反假设时，条件句中要用过去完成时态来表示。故选D。小提示：if only引导的虚拟语气的用法If only：常常用来表示强烈的愿望，因为用于虚拟语句时和wish类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。因而使用起来的形式与wish相同。表示与将来情况不同：if only 从句主语would(could, might)+动词原形eg：If only she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。表示与现在情况不同：if only从句主语动词过去式eg：If only I wasnt going to London.我希望我没去过伦敦。表达与过去情况不同：if only从句主语would/could have/had过去分词eg：If only you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。17、It seems strange that the old man _ have returned to college to finish the degree he left undone four decades ago.AwouldBshouldCcouldDmight答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：这位老人回到大学去完成他四十年前没有完成的学位，这似乎很奇怪。在It is strange that.句式中，其中由that引导的主语从句可以陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气，其区别是：用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）主要强调惊讶之意，其感情色彩比较浓；若不特别强调感情色彩，则用陈述语气，故选B。18、My adviser recommended that I _for advanced literature because I like English.Asign upBsigned upCwas signed upDam signing up答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我的指导老师建议我报名参加高级文学，因为我喜欢英语。主句中谓语动词“recommend（建议）”后面跟宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“（should）+动词原形”；再根据从句主语“I”与“sign up for (报名参加)”应该是主动关系，所以该空应该填（should） sign up，should可以省略。故选A。小提示：19、If I had found a good job, I _ more money.AsaveBshould saveCsavedDwould have saved答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我找到一份好工作，我会存更多的钱。本句是由If引导的非真实条件句，用了虚拟语气，从句谓语had found用过去完成时，说明整个句子与过去事实相反，主句谓语用would have done形式，save (存钱)。故选D项。20、On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems _ paid special attention to.Areferred to beingBreferred to beCreferring to beDshould refer to be答案：B解析：考查过去分词作定语和虚拟语气。句意：在艾滋病日，卫生部部长要求对所提到的问题给予特别关注。分析句子可知，the problems和refer to是被动关系，用过去分词做后置定语；因为主句中包含demand（要求）引导的宾语从句，所以宾语从句的谓语用虚拟语气，(should) do；the problems和pay attention to是被动关系，用(should) be原形。故选B项。小提示：1).当分词做定语的时问候，如果构成分词的动词与名词之间构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做定语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做定语。2).英语中有“4”“3”“2”“1”动词，这些动词后面的宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形，should可以省略。4四个表示“要求”的词，require，ask，tell，demand；3三个表示“建议”的词，suggest， recommend，advice；2两个表示“命令”的词，order，command； 1一个表示“坚持”的词，insist。如本题中the problems和refer to被动关系，用过去分词做后置定语；表要求的demand后接了宾语从句，所以宾语从句的谓语用虚拟语气，(should) do，又因the problems和pay attention to是被动关系，用(should) be原形。故选B项。21、He runs very fast _ he _ a professional athlete.Aeven though; isBeven if; wereCas if; wereDas like; is答案：C解析：考查方式状语从句和虚拟语气。句意：他跑得很快，好像他是一个职业运动员。分析句子可知，句子描述的是他跑的“方式”，“好像”他是一个职业运动员，故句子为方式状语从句，as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”，符合句意，故第一个空填as if。根据句意可知，从句中的内容与现在事实相反，他并不是一个职业运动员，这时从句要用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时，故第二个空填were/was。故选C项。22、I wish I _ her the news and then she wouldnt be worried now.Adont tellBdidnt tellChavent toldDhadnt told答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：但愿我没有告诉她这个坏消息，那么她现在就不会担忧了。wish引导的宾语从句往往用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的愿望用过去时，be 动词用were；与过去事实相反的愿望用过去完成时；与将来事实相反的愿望用could/would+do。根据本题题意，告诉她这个消息是过去的事实，与过去事实相反的愿望用过去完成时，所以答案是D。23、My adviser recommended that I _ advanced literature.Asigned up forBsign up withCsigned up withDsign up for答案：D解析：考查动词短语辨析和虚拟语气。句意：我的学校顾问建议我选高等文学课程。根据句子结构可知，这是考查动词recommend后面宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形的结构。sign up with 的意思是注册、签约，sign up for的意思是报名参加；学生会报名；注册，选课等。根据句子意思可知，这句话需要选课的意思。故选D。24、The villagers are extremely grateful to the workers, without whose help the road to the village_.Acant be builtBmustnt be builtCcouldnt have been builtDmustnt have been built答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：村民们非常感谢工人们，没有他们的帮助，这条通往村庄的道路就不可能被建成。此处without whose引导的定语从句中用虚拟语气，相当于if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，且定语从句的主语the road和build之间是被动关系，故答案为C。25、His pale face suggested that he_ill and his teacher suggested that he_to the hospital at once.Ashould be; sendBwas; should sendCwas; be sentDwere; be sent答案：C解析：考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：他苍白的脸色表明他生病了，他的老师建议他立刻送往医院。第一个 suggest表示“暗示，表明”，后面从句叙述的是客观事实，且主句为一般过去时，所以一般过去时，表示当时所处的状态；第二个 suggest表示“建议”后面宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略。主语he与send之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。26、Mr. Turner looked _he had completed the task by himself. But in fact, he had little contribution to the achievement.Aeven thoughBin thatCnow thatDas if答案：D解析：考查连接词。句意：特纳先生看上去好像是自己完成了这项任务。但事实上，他对这一成就贡献甚微。A.even though尽管；B. in that因为；C. now that既然；D. as if 好像。as if 引导的表语从句表示一种与过去事实相反的情况，从句用虚拟语气（过去完成时）。故选D项。27、With college entrance examination approaching, its time that I _ myself into hard work.Ashould throwBhave thrownCthrowDthrowing答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：随着高考的临近，是我应该努力学习的时候了。Its time that.句型中从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气，should+动词原形/过去式，should不能省略。故选A。28、We were delayed at the airport. _ we would have been here by lunch time.AHoweverBInsteadCProbablyDOtherwise答案：D解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们在机场耽搁了，否则的话，我们在午饭之前就能到那里。A. However然而；B. Instead相反；C. Probably可能；D. Otherwise否则。分析语境可知，在机场耽搁是真实的事情，但是午饭之前达到是假设的事情，故后一句为含蓄虚拟语气，如果不耽搁的话，就会在午饭之前达到，故选D。小提示：含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气。非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况：1).条件暗含在短语中He would not get such a result without your help.没有你的帮助，他就不会有今天的成果。(条件暗含在介词短语without your help中)But for you, I could not be recovered so soon.要不是有你，我就不会恢复得这么快。(条件暗含在But for you中)2).条件可根据上下文推理出It would do you no good.这可能会对你没好处。(条件可能是if you should give up the job如果你放弃这项工作的话)They could have won.他们本来是会赢的。(条件可能是if they had been patient如果他们有耐心的话)3).条件用其他形式来表示She was ill, otherwise she would have been present at the meeting.她病了，否则的话就会出席会议了。(条件通过连词otherwise， or表示出来If she had not been ill.)I told him to go there himself, but perhaps I should have gone together with him.我让他自己去那里，但也许我应该和他一道去。(连词but暗示条件)比如本题，分析语境可知，在机场耽搁是真实的事情，但是午饭之前达到是假设的事情，故后一句为含蓄虚拟语气，如果不耽搁的话，就会在午饭之前达到，故选D。29、If we could live our life once again, I suppose many people _ a different one.Awill chooseBwill have chosenCwould chooseDwould have chosen答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。解题步骤：1).确定虚拟语气：If条件句谓语动词用了could do，说明此处是虚拟语气；2).确定谓语动词：If条件句用could do，表示和现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would/could/should do。句意：如果我们能再活一次，我想很多人会选择一个不同的人生。故选C。30、You have scolded her for her failure. After all, she had tried her best.AmustBshouldCmustntDshouldnt答案：D解析：考查情态动词及虚拟语气。句意：你本不应该因为她的失败斥责她。毕竟，她已经尽力了。A. must必须；B. should应该；C. mustnt禁止；D. shouldnt不应该。根据句意、句子结构及时态可知，此句是对过去的虚拟，表示“本不该做，但做了某事”。故选D项。31、- Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I late for the flight yesterday.- Dont mention it.Awill have beenBwould have beenCmust beDcould be答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：“谢谢你提醒我时间，否则昨天我要迟到了。”“不客气。”would+have+done表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。故B选项正确。32、If the contest _ tomorrow, I would probably go to see it.Ais to take placeBwere to take placeCwas taken placeDwould take place答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果竞赛明天举行，我可能去看。结合语境和下文的would go可知，此处为if引导的非真实条件句，与将来的事实相反用一般过去时，should+ 动词原形，或者were to+动词原形，take place无被动语态，综上。故选B。33、What a wet blanket he was! We a good journey.Awould have hadBwill haveChadDhad had答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他真是个令人扫兴的人!我们本该有一段美好的旅程。根据前句“What a wet blanket he was!”可知，这里表示与过去的事实相反，所以用would have done。故选A。小提示：虚拟语气的解题方法是：回归法。即将主句和从句的时态回归到非虚拟语气的状态，然后再用“时态向前推”的方法将主从句改变为虚拟语气的时态。本题虽然是两个单句，但可以转换为if条件从句的虚拟语气，即：如果不是他让人扫兴，我们就会有一段美好的旅程。分析What a wet blanket he was!可知，这里表示与过去的事实相反，所以用would have done。34、They demanded that the right to vote _ to every adult.Awas givenBwas givingCbe givingDbe given答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求给予每个成年人投票权。demand表示“要求”时，所接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分是（should）+动词原形，又由动词give和从句主语the right to vote之间是动宾关系，所以使用被动语态be given。故选D项。35、If he had been working hard, he _ in the office now. However, he didnt.Awould be workingBwere to be workingCwas workingDshould work答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他过去一直努力工作，现在就坐在办公室工作了。然而，他没有。根据“However, he didnt.”可知，此句是混合虚拟语气。If从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。与现在相反的虚拟语气的主句可用would/could/ might +动词原形。根据语境及时间状语“now”可知，此处是指现在正在工作，因此要用进行时，故选A。小提示：一、虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法虚拟语气用于表示说话人所说的并不是事实，而是一种假设或愿望，往往与事实相反。1). 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were），主语+would(should/ could/might)+动词原形 1) If I were you, I would study English.如果我是你，我就会学英语。2)I would certainly go if I had time.如果有时间的话，我一定会去的。2). 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+ had done，主语+would（should /could/ might）+ have done 1) If you had taken my advice, you would not have missed the test. 如果你接受了我的建议，你就不会错过考试。3).表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。If+主语+should（were to）+动词原形/动词的过去式，主语+would（could /should /might）+动词原形。If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨，会议就会推迟了。二、 错综时间虚拟条件句。即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整：If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。36、If they had informed us, we _ here now.Awould not comeBwould have comeCwill not comeDmay not come答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。本句属于错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形，故A项正确。小提示：错综条件句是虚拟语气的一大难点，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定，例如本题，句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。从句与过去事实相反，而“here”表明主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形。37、Pele had bags of natural talent, but he _ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.Awould never succeedBnever succeededCwould never have succeededDhave never succeeded答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：贝利是很有天赋，但是如果没有处理生活中遇到的所有问题的决心，他是永远不