2020-2021学年高中英语-单元素养提升-Unit-8-Green-Living北师大版必修3.doc

2020-2021学年高中英语 单元素养提升 Unit 8 Green Living北师大版必修3

2020-2021学年高中英语 单元素养提升 Unit 8 Green Living北师大版必修3

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单元素养提升(二) Unit 8
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Over the past two centuries, the Industrial(industry)Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.
2 When students feel a sense of school spirit, they tend to be more involved(involve) in the great opportunities.
3. With the full package, the programme organiser(organise) is supposed to collect students’ luggage in advance.
4. Initially, I disagreed with his proposal(propose), but later I changed my mind.
5. If cancers are found early, there is a high opportunity of survival(survive).
6. My determination(determine) was what pushed me to work hard at my lessons.
7. Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container(contain).
8. Do you know how much you spend on clothes and groceries annually(annual)?
9. There are clear indications (indicate)that the economy is improving.
10. The library will officially(official) open next Sunday.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
all around the world, to sum up, work through, do one’s part for, take action, cut back on, come up with, be not bothered to do, make sb. ’s dream come true, take part in
1. Tom has promised that he will do his part for the project.  
2. Honestly speaking, I am not bothered to do my homework every day.  
3. As long as there is the possibility of saving our planet, take action now before it is too late.  
4. It takes place almost every year all around the world.  
5. As long as you do your best, you can make your dream come true.  
6. I suggested that you’d better work through before testing.  
7. This is the first time that I have taken part in the great sports meeting.  
8. They shall have to cut back on our spending because of war.  
9. To sum up, only when they take advantage of their free time to play sports can they keep fit and achieve their goals.  
10. Peter came up with an approach to solving the problem at the meeting, but most of his colleagues didn’t think it was practical.  
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 他边等车边看报纸。
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.  
2. 如果你按照我的建议去做, 你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
If you had taken my advice, you couldn’t have failed the exam.  
3. 他站起来向前看, 看外面发生了什么事情。
He stood up and looked forward to see what was going on outside.  
4. 我让他们慢慢抬起头来, 这样我们就可以分享我们的音乐旅程。
I asked them all to raise their heads slowly so that we could share our musical journeys.  
5. 为了获得更多的证据, 律师调查了许多证人。
To get more evidence, the lawyer investigated many witnesses.  
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
(2020·石嘴山高一检测)
　　Environmental experts warn that our planet is drowning in plastic.
　　The world’s cities produce 2 billion tons of trash every year. By the year 2050 that number is expected to rise to 3 billion tons. The World Bank estimates that the largest amount of trash today, about 44 percent, is plastic. But we often have to buy packaged goods. And often that packaging is made of plastic.
　　Now, that may be changing. A new environmentally-friendly shopping model was recently launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. This shopping model, called Loop, aims to replace throwaway containers with reusable ones.
　　Loop is the idea of Terra Cycle an American-based recycling company. Its chief, Tom Szaky, told the Associated Press (AP) that “removing plastics from the ocean is not enough. ” He said the point is to get away from single-use packages. Szaky said that Loop is the future of shopping. But it comes from an idea of the past.
　　He compared it to the “milkman model” of the 1950s in the United States. Back then, someone brought milk to your doorstep in glass bottles and then left with empty bottles. These could be cleaned and used again. The result is zero-waste.
　　Jennifer Morgan from the environmental non-profit organization Greenpeace also joined in the discussion about Loop at Davos. She said that “Greenpeace welcomes the aim of the Loop Alliance to move away from throwaway culture and disposability”. But Morgan questioned whether companies worldwide are ready to change their business models.
　　Loop is set to launch later 2019 in three eastern U. S. states, and also in Paris, France and some of the surrounding areas. Then Loop plans to expand to the U. S. West Coast, Toronto, Canada and Britain by the end of this year or 2020.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍美国一家公司推出一种新的“零浪费”购物模式。
1. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?
A. Provide background information.
B. Advocate zero-waste lifestyle.
C. Explain the reason for trash.
D. Introduce a new topic.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第二段The world’s cities produce 2 billion tons of trash every year. By the year 2050 that number is expected to rise to 3 billion tons. The World Bank estimates that the largest amount of trash today, about 44 percent, is plastic. But we often have to buy packaged goods. And often that packaging is made of plastic. 可知, 作者写本段目的是为下文提出新的购物模式提供背景信息。
2. Where does the idea “Loop” come from?
A. The World Economic Forum.
B. Demand of some companies.
C. Zero-waste model.
D. Jennifer Morgan.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第四段Szaky said that Loop is the future of shopping. But it comes from an idea of the past. 和第五段He compared it to the “milkman model” of the 1950s in the United States. Back then, someone brought milk to your doorstep in glass bottles and then left with empty bottles. These could be cleaned and used again. The result is zero-waste. 可知, Loop模式是一种零浪费的模式。
3. Which countries is Loop expected to expand to by 2020?
A. United States and Switzerland.
B. Switzerland and Britain.
C. Canada and Britain.
D. France and Canada.
【解析】C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Loop is set to launch later 2019 in three eastern U. S. states, and also in Paris, France and some of the surrounding areas. Then Loop plans to expand to the U. S. West Coast, Toronto, Canada and Britain by the end of this year or 2020. 可知, Loop计划在2020年前将业务扩大到加拿大多伦多、美国西海岸和英国。
4. What is the text mainly about?
A. A new shopping model.
B. The development of future city.
C. The world’s environmental issue.
D. The concerns of future shopping.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章第三段A new environmentally-friendly shopping model was recently launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. 及全文内容可知, 文章主要介绍美国一家公司推出一种新的“零浪费”购物模式。
B
　　My sister Alice and I have been trying to get people to stop dropping cigarette butts(烟头)for seven years. One day, we were walking in our hometown and saw hundreds of cigarette butts on the ground. They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”.
　　At first, we drew pictures with “The Earth is not your ashtray(烟灰缸)”written on them. We put the pictures around our hometown—in parks, by beaches, and along roads. We wanted to make people understand that dropping butts hurts the environment. Most smokers don’t think that dropping butts hurts the Earth. But it does, and all rubbish does!
　　Later, we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us. We used the money to buy ashtrays to give smokers. We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn’t have to drop butts.
　　At the moment, we are trying to get cigarette companies to put an ashtray in each pack of cigarettes. Some companies want to do it. Many people have started to join our group since it began. Today there are 45 other “No Butts About It” groups in America.
　　Now there are even groups in England, Australia and India! Many newspapers have written about my sister and me over the last seven years. And we have won many prizes for what we do. But we are not interested in prizes. We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people.
　　One day, it will be.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者姐妹两个人为了不让人们乱扔烟头而发起了一个组织, 并积极向公司或组织寻求帮助。在过去几年里她们的组织给美国, 甚至其他国家带来了影响, 她们也因此受到嘉奖。她们只希望地球环境变得更好。
5. What did the writer think about the cigarette butts in the first paragraph?
A. They made the town smelly.
B. They made the town unhealthy.
C. They made the town dirty.
D. They made the town poor.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts. 可知, 她们成立该组织的最初原因是: 烟头让城市变得脏乱不堪, 非常难看。
6. What does the writer do with the cigarette butts?
A. Give ashtrays to the smokers.
B. Stop people buying cigarettes.
C. Pick up the cigarette butts.
D. Win prizes for starting groups.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的Later, we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us. We used the money to buy ashtrays to give smokers. We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn’t have to drop butts. 可知, 作者找公司赞助买了烟灰缸给那些抽烟的人。
7. From the passage we can know that ______.  
A. no companies wanted to give money to them
B. The writer believes that the Earth will be a better and cleaner place
C. There are only 45“No Butts About It”
D. The writer likes to be on newspapers and win prizes
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段One day, it will be. 和倒数第二段的We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people. 可以推测出, 作者相信地球终有一天会变得更好更干净。
8. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Save our Town from Cigarette Butts
B. Buy Yourself an Ashtray
C. Cigarette Butts Also Destroy Other Countries
D. No Butts Prize
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”. 可知, A项“拯救我们的城市远离烟头”可以作为标题概括全文。
Ⅴ. 阅读填句
　　Kids may be young and small. 　1　There are lots of easy ways to teach your kids about their responsibility to the earth.  
　　Make recycling a sorting game with your kids. 　2　 Sorting teaches kids about sizes, shapes, similarities and differences. Turn recycling into a brain-building game by setting aside all your recyclable materials.  
　　Turn off the tap when brushing teeth. Save up to 8 gallons of water a day per person simply by turning off the tap while you and your kids brush your teeth in the morning and at night! 　3　To help young kids understand the importance of water, have them think of all the ways they use clean water every day, like drinking, cooking, and bathing. If they understand the connections, they will be more likely to remember to turn off the tap while they brush their teeth.  
　　　4　There’s probably no better way to show the wonder of nature by having your child plant a seed and watch it grow. If you like, try planting flower seeds in the front yard or fruit-bearing plants in the backyard. Your family can enjoy an organic, homegrown harvest that your child can be proud of.  
　　Spend time in nature. 　5　There are many great things you can do outside like playing sports, taking your dog for a walk, going to the beach or planning an outdoor game with the neighborhood kids. Not only will the earth love your being outside, but you’ll feel great playing out in the fresh air!  

A. Plant something as a family.
B. Bring homemade foods to school.
C. However, they can help save the environment!
D. Think about the savings on your next water bill.
E. The more we keep our earth clean, the happier we will be.
F. Instead of watching TV or playing indoors, why not go outside to play?
G. When children learn to sort, they are actually learning an important math skill.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了教孩子保护环境的几种方法。
1. 【解析】选C。根据上文提示“孩子们可能年轻瘦小。”可推知, C项However, they can help save the environment! (然而, 他们可以帮助拯救环境! )切题。本句与前一句形成转折关系, 孩子虽然还小, 但他们一样可以帮助保护环境。
2. 【解析】选G。根据上文提示“和你的孩子一起做一个回收分类游戏。”承接上文, G项When children learn to sort, they are actually learning an important math skill. (当孩子们学习整理时, 他们实际上是在学习一项重要的数学技能。)切题。本句为下文作铺垫, 说明孩子学习分类就是在学习一项重要的数学技能。
3. 【解析】选D。根据上文提示“当你和你的孩子早晚刷牙的时候, 只要关掉水龙头, 每个人每天就能节约8加仑的水! ”承接上文, D项Think about the savings on your next water bill. (想想你下次水费的节省。)切题。本句对上文的叙述作进一步解释, 说明节约水的好处: 节约钱。
4. 【解析】选A。根据下文提示“也许没有比让你的孩子种下一粒种子并看着它长大更好的方式来展示大自然的神奇了。”承接下文, A项Plant something as a family. (像一家人一样种植一些东西。)切题。本句概述了本段的内容, 即一家人一起种植东西。
5. 【解析】选F。本段主题“花点时间回归自然。”承接上文, F项Instead of watching TV or playing indoors, why not go outside to play? (与其在室内看电视或玩, 为什么不出去玩呢? )切题。本句解释了标题句, 作者建议孩子不要在室内看电视或玩耍, 要出去玩耍。
Ⅵ. 完形填空
(2020·济南高一检测)
　　In 1994, The Brazilian photographer Salgado went back to his homeland in Minas Gerais, Brazil. He was 　1　 to see the land run by his family. The thick forest there was once a paradise ( 乐园 ) for him and his friends, bringing them 　2　 memories.  
　　To his horror, he saw a totally different 　3　. Only 0. 5% of the land was covered with trees. “The land was as sick as a serious patient — everything was 　4　 due to deforestation (砍伐森林), ” Salgado said 　5　 during a meeting on climate change in Paris.  
　　Salgado 　6　 that he should do something about it. Then he 　7　 the bold idea of replanting trees on the land, which beyond his expectations, received 　8　 from his wife and relatives. Soon the whole family 　9　 and the results are remarkable. 　10　, the land is changing: It is carpeted with green trees again and some of the insects, birds and animals living in the land before 　11　. The land has been brought back to life. The 　12　 family’s hard work also impressed people around them. They 　13　 cutting down trees and began to protect the environment.  
　　“The work over the years is quite difficult but well worth the 　14　 and I think every little bit of work 　15　, ” said Salgado. Therefore, everyone should play a part in protecting the environment.  
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Salgado发现了自己儿时的天堂——由于森林砍伐, 茂密的森林病入膏肓。Salgado一家人通过自己的努力, 使它再次被覆盖上了绿色的树, 之前生活在这片土地上的一些昆虫, 鸟类和动物也回来了。
1. A. sorry　　B. ready　　C. eager　　D. willing
【解析】选C。句意: 他渴望看到他的家族经营的土地。sorry抱歉的; ready准备好; eager渴望的; willing乐意的。根据The thick forest there was once a paradise for him and his friends, bringing them ______memories. 可知他渴望看到他的家族经营的土地。故选C。 
2. A. wonderful B. embarrassing
C. painful D. complex
【解析】选A。句意: 茂密的森林曾经是他和他的朋友的天堂, 给他们带来了美好的回忆。wonderful美好的; embarrassing使人尴尬的; painful痛苦的; complex复杂的。根据The thick forest there was once a paradise for him and his friends可知茂密的森林给他们带来了美好的回忆。故选A。
3. A. direction B. atmosphere
C. plan D. sight
【解析】选D。句意: 令他惊恐的是, 他看到了一个完全不同的景象。direction方向; atmosphere气氛; plan计划; sight景象。根据Only 0. 5% of the land was covered with trees. 可知他看到了一个完全不同的景象。故选D。
4. A. disturbed B. destroyed
C. prohibited D. abandoned
【解析】选B。句意: 这片土地病入膏肓——由于森林砍伐, 一切都被破坏了。 disturbed干扰; destroyed破坏; prohibited禁止; abandoned抛弃。根据due to deforestation, 可知这里意思是由于森林砍伐, 一切都被破坏了。故选B。
5. A. calmly B. nervously
C. sadly D. lightly
【解析】选C。句意: Salgado在巴黎举行的气候变化会议上悲伤地说。calmly平静地; nervously紧张地; sadly悲伤地; lightly轻松地。根据上文The land was as sick as a serious patient — everything was ______due to deforestation, 可知Salgado在巴黎举行的气候变化会议上悲伤地说。故选C。 
6. A. admitted B. realized
C. agreed D. proved
【解析】选B。句意: S