高中英语虚拟语气真题.docx

高中英语虚拟语气真题1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、Where are the children? The school bus is leaving. I wish they _ always late.AarentBwerentCwouldnt beDhadnt been答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：孩子们在哪里？校车就要离开了。我希望他们没有迟到。Wish后的宾语从句，使用虚拟语气，根据前一句可知，“孩子们在哪里”是叙述现在的事情，因此推断“孩子们不要迟到”是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去时。故选B。2、Why didnt you call me?Oh，my cell-phone ran out of power，otherwise I_ you.Awould callBhad calledCcalledDwould have called答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：-你为什么不给我打电话？-哦，我的手机没电了，否则我会给你打电话的。英语中当表示条件时没有连词if，而是用otherwise、or、but、but for等形式来表达，这种类型的虚拟语气被称之为含蓄的虚拟条件句。本题中otherwise表示“否则”，相当于一个虚拟条件句。由“ran out of power”可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以用“would/should/could/mighthave done”，故选D。3、 for years of hard training, she would not be standing on the stage, receiving huge cheers and applause.AIt were notBIt had not beenCWere it notDHad it not been.答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：要不是多年的刻苦训练，她不会站在舞台上，获得巨大的欢呼和掌声。根据would判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句省略if可以采用倒装形式替代，If it had been for =Had it not been for表示“要不是”，故D项正确。小提示：本题的解题关键是根据would判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句省略if从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，谓语动词形式为had done，如果省略if，则操作词had倒装，If it had been for =Had it not been for表示“要不是”。4、When the earthquake happened, it seemed _the world were coming to an end.AthatBasCifDas if答案：D解析：考查表语从句。句意：地震发生的时候，好像世界末日到了。A. that 连接词，无意义；B. as 正如，像一样；C. if 是否；D. as if 似乎，好像。分析句子可知，此处引导一个表语从句，根据句意可知，从句使用虚拟语气，所以应用as if 引导该从句，故选D项。5、The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.Adid; setBhad done; must be setCshould do; should be setDhad done; be set答案：D解析：考查时态语态和虚拟语气。句意:这个年轻人坚持说他没有做错，并坚决要求被释放。insist 所接的宾语从句，表示“坚持某种观点或做法”，要使用(should) do 的虚拟语气，但如果表示“坚持认为某件事情的客观存在”，不需要使用虚拟。所以，本题第一空表示“坚持认为没有做错”不用虚拟，做错这件事情先于坚持发生，所以是过去的过去需要用过去完成时。第二空则表示“坚持要求被释放”需要用虚拟语气，即(should) do 的形式。他与释放的关系为被动关系，即(should) be set free。故选D。6、Which of the following is Wrong?ABut for his help, I wouldnt have done such a wonderful job in English.BHis house, all the windows of which face south, enjoys great sunshine.CNot until the result turned out to be so serious that he realized his fault.DIt is at this moment that he made the most important decision in his life.答案：C解析：考查倒装句。A项考查虚拟语气。but for his help是含蓄条件句，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would have done，故A项正确；B项是定语从句。which指代house，从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，用关系代词which，故B项正确；D项是强调句型，去掉it isthat，句子at this moment he made the most important decision in his life.是完整的句子，故D项正确。C项Not until the result turned out to be so serious置句首，主句用倒装句，that改为助动词did，故C项错误。故选C。7、If Lincoln had lived, it_ be that his postwar policies would have brought criticism upon him that would_ his reputation.Amight as well have tarnishedBmight well have tarnishedCmight as well tarnishDmight well tarnish答案：B解析：考查固定搭配。句意：如果林肯还活着的话，他的战后政策也许很可能会给他带来有损他名望的批评。might as well意为“也可以，倒不如”，might well意为“有可能”,根据句意，故排除A、C项错误；根据If Lincoln had lived是虚拟语气，意为“如果林肯还活着”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句使用了would have+过去分词虚拟语气，故B正确。8、The project _ possible had the relations of the two countries not reached their current level.AwerentBwerent to beCshouldnt beDwouldnt have been答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：这个项目不会那么成功，假如两国之间的关系不像现在这么好的话。分析句子可知，此处考查if的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设。if被省略，从句进行了半倒装。根据句意“如果在过去两国的关系不像现在这么好的话，这个项目过去就不会那么成功”。对过去的虚拟主句用would have done，从句用过去完成时。故选D项。9、“If no one the rubbish,” an environmentalist pointed out, “the street would soon become dirty, the number of rats would increase, and the disease would spread.”AcollectsBwill collectCis to collectDwere to collect答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：一位环保人士指出，如果没有人收拾垃圾，街道很快就会变脏，老鼠的数量就会增加，疾病就会传播。根据would判断此处是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用were to do，故D项正确。小提示：虚拟语气是英语语法中的一大难点，注意在if非真实条件句中，主句和从句谓语动词有以下三种形式：表示与现在事实相反，从句用过去式（be用were），主句用would（should, could）+动词原形；表示与过去事实相反，从句用had+过去分词，主句用would（should, could）+have+过去分词；表示与将来事实相反，从句用过去式（should/were to+动词原形），主句用would（should, could）+动词原形。10、How I wish I had worked harder when I was in that company.If you had, you _ a department manager now.AareBwould beCwould have beenDwere答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望我在公司的时候工作更勤奋一些。如果你当时更勤奋一些，你现在就是部门经理了。答句中if从句是省略回答，完整的从句是if you had worked harder，从句为过去完成时，说明是与过去事实相反的假设，但是题干中的now说明主句是与现在事实相反；与现在事实相反时虚拟条件句的主句中用would/should/could/might+do，由此判断答案是B。11、I highly recommended that he _ another chance to try.AgivesBgaveCgiveDbe given答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我强烈建议给他再试一次的机会。 recommend后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，且谓语动词give与主语和是被动关系，故选D。12、He urged that she _ the Great Wall on Monday.Awould visitBshall visitCvisitDvisited答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他极力主张她星期一去游览长城。urge表示“极力主张，强烈要求”时，后跟从句需用虚拟语气，结构为should +动词原形，其中should 可省略。故选C。小提示：urge的用法归纳和词义辨析urge的用法：urge的用法1：urge的基本意思是“力劝”“敦促”,指外部或内部的影响或压力激励某人达到明确的目的。引申可表示“强烈要求”等。urge的用法2：urge可以接名词、动名词或that从句作宾语,从句中的谓语动词多用虚拟式。有时也可接由动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。urge的用法3：urge还可用作名词,意为“强烈的愿望”。例如:He has an urge to become a film star.他非常希望成为电影明星。urge的词汇辨析：induce，persuade，urge，convince，counsel，coax这些动词均有“劝说，劝导，劝诱”之意。induce 指用讲道理来使某人做某事。persuade 普通用词，指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。urge 语气强，指不断地热情地规劝诱导。convince 指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。counsel 较正式用词，指对一些较重大事情所提出的劝告。有时也用于非正式场合，但仍强调严肃的一面。coax 指用好话善意或耐心劝诱、哄骗某人做某事。13、My adviser recommended that I _for advanced literature because I like English.Asign upBsigned upCwas signed upDam signing up答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我的指导老师建议我报名参加高级文学，因为我喜欢英语。主句中谓语动词“recommend（建议）”后面跟宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“（should）+动词原形”；再根据从句主语“I”与“sign up for (报名参加)”应该是主动关系，所以该空应该填（should） sign up，should可以省略。故选A。小提示：14、-Mr Frank Smith truly stands out as the best friend and teacher combination.- Absolutely! When I look back on what he did, Im not sure whether I _ the same in his position.Awould doBwould have doneCmust have doneDcould do答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：-弗兰克史密斯先生确实是最好的朋友和老师。” -“当然！当我回顾他的所作所为时，我不确定我是否会在他的位置上做同样的事。”分析语境，可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，我无法确定我在他的位置上时是否会做同样的事。故选B项。15、If God _everything in the world, the strange creatures in fossils _so many years before.Ahad created; shouldnt existBhad created; couldnt have existedCshould create; wouldnt existDcreated; wouldnt have existed答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果上帝创造了世界上的一切，那么化石上的奇怪生物在这么多年前就不可能存在了。结合句意可知，本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构：if+主语+had done, 主语+could/would/should/might (not) have done。故选B项。16、I wish I _ at my sisters wedding, but I was on a business trip in New York last weekend.Awill beBwould beCwereDhad been答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我真希望我参加了我姐姐的婚礼，但我上周末去纽约出差了。用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时，故选D。小提示：动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气1)用wish表示现在的祝愿和报歉。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be用were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例：I wish they were at home this time.2)用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时。例：I wish I hadnt hurt him so much.3)用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。其句子结构为宾语从句的谓语为would/could/might+动词原形。例：I wish I might be able to come tomorrow 。17、He suggested to Jane that she _ the problem another way, and her expression suggested that she _.Asolve; agreedBsolve; agreeCsolved; should agreeDsolved; agreed答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气/宾语从句/时态。句意：他建议Jane用另一种方式解决这个问题，她的表情表明她同意了。suggest意为“建议”时，其后that引导的宾语从句的谓语应用should+动词原形，should可以省略，所以排除C，D选项；suggest意为“表明”时，宾语从句用陈述语气，时态与主句一致，由主句谓语suggested可知，时态为一般过去时，故选A项。18、_for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see films so often.AIf it is notBWere it notCHad it not beenDIf it has not been答案：C解析：考查if引导的非真实条件句和部分倒装。句意：如果不是因为有这张免费票，我就不会去看电影了。此处是if引导的非真实条件句，与过去的事实相反，所以if条件句用过去完成时，且if省略时，则从句用部分倒装，把助动词had提到主语的前面。故选C。19、_ then what I know now, I would have made different decisions.AShould I knowBI knewCI did knowDHad I known答案：D解析：考查If条件句中的虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果我之前知道我现在知道的事情，我可能会做出不同的决定。分析句意可知，这是If引导的条件句，从句“_ then what I know now”表达的是“如果我之前知道我现在知道的事情”，这是对过去的一种假设，从句谓语动词需用过去完成时had known。分析句子可知，If在句中被省略，if引导的条件句中，如果if被省略，从句需进行部分倒装，将助动词had提前。故选D。小提示：If条件句是高中语法的常考知识点，主要考核虚拟语气和倒装。学生在遇到If条件句的题型，首先需要判断主从句是否表达的是一种虚拟假设。如果确定了是虚拟语气，需要再分析是对过去，现在还是将来的虚拟假设，从而对主从句谓语动词时态进行变化。此外，还要特别留意If条件句中if是否被省略，如果if被省略，从句需进行部分倒装。本题中If引导的从句“_ then what I know now”表达的是“如果我之前知道我现在知道的事情”，这是对过去的一种假设，从句谓语动词需用过去完成时had known。另外，本题中的If在句中被省略，从句需进行部分倒装，将助动词had提前。故选D。20、If I_in the bus that fell into the river, I_with you now.Awas; would not talkBwere; couldnt talkChad been; wouldnt have talkedDhad been; couldnt be talking答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我在那辆掉进河里的公共汽车里，我现在就不可能和你在这说话了。本题考查错综条件虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，所以用had +动词的过去分词；主句与现在事实相反，所以用would/should/could/might +动词原形。故选D。21、Our English teacher insisted that the homework _ tomorrow morning.Amust be handed inBhand inCbe handed inDwould be handed in答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们的英语老师坚持要求作业要明天早上提交。insist表示“坚持要求”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词用（should）+动词原形，should可以省略。句中homework和hand in是被动关系，故选C。小提示：1）如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”，即that从句表示已经发生的动作时，则宾语从句使用陈述语气，即从句该用什么时态就用什么时态，注意和主句时态保持呼应。如：She insisted that she was right. She insisted (that) she had been to Beijing the year before.2）如果insist翻译为“坚持要求/坚持主张”，即that从句的动作当时尚未发生的话，则宾语从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词由“should + 动词原形”构成，should可以省略。如：He insisted that she (should) say sorry to him first.22、But for the chances I was blessed with，my life _ easily _ a turn for the worse.Awould；takeBwill；have takenCshould；takeDcould have；taken答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我有幸有这样的机会，我的生活也许就可能会每况愈下。句中but for表示条件，意为“要不是”，根据“the chances I was blessed with”可知是与过去事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气。对过去的虚拟，主句要用情态动词+have done来构成；will不能构成虚拟，故选D。23、Had it not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences more serious.Amight beBmust have beenCmust beDmight have been答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是你及时帮助我进行急救，我担心后果会更严重。此处表示与过去相反的假设，条件句中用had+过去分词，主句用would/might/could have done。故D选项正确。小提示：if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设haddonewould/could/might/shouldhavedone与现在事实相反的假设过去时(waswere)would/could/might/shoulddo与将来事实相反的假设过去时(waswere);shoulddo;weretodowould/could/might/shoulddo此处表示与过去相反的假设，条件句中用had+过去分词，主句用would/might/could have done。故D选项正确。24、What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _ a good time together.AhadBwill haveCwould have hadDhad had答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，是与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。25、The old couple loves the boy _ he were their own son.Aeven ifBunlessCas ifDthough答案：C解析：考查从属连词和虚拟语气。句意：这对老夫妇爱这个男孩，就好像他是他们自己的儿子一样。A. even if即使；B. unless除非；C. as if好像；D. though虽然，尽管。分析句子可知，句子为状语从句，从句部分为虚拟语气，再结合句意可知，空格处应用“as if”引导从句，意为“好像”，从句谓语动词动作与主句谓语动词动作同时发生，从句要用一般过去时，“be”动词要用“were”。故选C项。26、To keep pace with changes around the world, it is vital that teachers_ students to use computer technology.Ashould be taughtBmust teachCteachDare taught答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：为了跟上世界巨变的步伐，老师们教会学生电脑技术是很重要的。在it is vital that这种句型中，主语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“（should+）动词原形”。故选C项。小提示：关于主语从句中的虚拟语气，在以下两种句型中比较常用：1).It is/was important/necessary/essential/impossible/natural/unthinkable/strange/surprising that或It is/was a rule/a shame/an honour/a surprise/no wonder that；2).It is/was advised/suggested/requested/required/ordered/proposed/decided that此时，主语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。本题符合第一种句型，谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”。27、Its time that I about that essay.Aget down to thinkBget down to thinkingCgot down to thinkDgot down to thinking答案：D解析：考查短语和虚拟语气。句意：我该认真考虑一下那篇论文了。表示“开始，着手处理”短语为get down to doing sth.，故排除A、C选项；句型its time that+从句,表示“到了该做的时候了”，从句需用虚拟语气，且从句中谓语动词需用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”，should不能省略，故选D。28、One of the requirements for being admitted to the University is that you _ the English test organized by it.Awill passBwould passCpassDmust pass答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：被这所大学录取的条件之一是你必须要通过它组织的英语考试。在require、recommend、demand、suggest、advise等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用 (should)+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。同样，这些动词的名词形式后若有表语从句或同位语从句，从句中谓语动词用此类虚拟语气。故选C项。29、If you_here half an hour ago, you would have known what we were talking about.AarrivedBhad arrivedCshould arriveDwould arrive答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你半小时前到达这里，你就知道我们在说什么了。结合后文half an hour ago可知，表示与过去事实相反，主句用would (should, could, might) +have+过去分词，从句用过去完成时。故选B。小提示：if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设haddonewould/could/might/shouldhavedone与现在事实相反的假设过去时(waswere)would/could/might/shoulddo与将来事实相反的假设过去时(waswere);shoulddo;weretodowould/could/might/shoulddo有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故C选项正确。30、The experts urge that governments _ social services and city planning policies.AimprovesBto improveCimproveDwill improve答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：专家催促政府改善社会服务和城市规划政策。urge催促，后跟宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故选C。31、_ he seen you yesterday, he _ your book.AHas; will have returnedBHad; will have returnedCHad; would have returnedDHas; would have returned答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天见到你，他会还你书的。根据句意可知，句子为与过去事实相反的假设，应用虚拟语气，主句应用“主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”，故空格二应用“would have returned”；从句应用“If+主语+had+过去分词”，句中省略了If，这时要把had提到句首，变为倒装句式，故空格一应用“Had”，如不省略If，句子为“If he had seen you yesterday”。故选C项。32、It is suggested that you _ English as often as possible.Amay practiseBpractiseCcan practiseDwould practice答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：建议你尽可能多地练习英语。It is suggested that.有人建议，其中that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，其中的should通常可以省略。故选B。33、My boss is so mean.I should quit my job.I_very seriously about that if I were you.After all its not easy to get a job these days.Awill thinkBwill have thoughtCwould thinkDwould have thought答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我的 老板很刻薄。我应该辞职不干了如果我是你我会认真考虑一下。毕竟现在这个时候不好找工作”，根据if I were you提示，是对一般现在情况的虚拟，根据if条件句虚拟语气的使用规则，主句和现在情况相反，用would/should/could/might + do 。故选C。34、You are always sleeping in class. Id rather you_my class.Aare not attendingBwere not attendingCwont attendDnot attend答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你总是在课堂上睡觉。我宁愿你没来听我的课。would rather后接从句时，从句谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示“现在或将来的愿望”时通常使用一般过去时态，结合语境和选项，只有B项符合，选B。35、She remembered everything in childhood _ they had just happened.Aas ifBso long asCeven ifDnow that答案：A解析：考查连词辨析。句意：她记得儿时的一切，就好像它们刚刚发生一样。A. as if好像；B. so long as只要；C. even if即使；D. now that既然，由于。as if引导方式状语从句，意为“仿佛，好像”，表示“事情发生在过去，好像是刚刚发生一样”，因此该句话使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选A。小提示：as if (though)从句中的虚拟语气以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+动词原形：He acts as if he knew me. 他显得认识我似的。They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。He talked as if he had been abroad. 他说起话来好像曾经出过国。He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。本题中“她记得儿时的一切，就好像它们刚刚发生一样”，但是儿时的事情已经很遥远，并不是刚刚发生，因此从句中使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相