全国高考英语优化考试习题集.doc

2016年全国高考英语优化习题集 (19)
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2015·河北七校高三联考)It was something she had dreamed of since she was five.Finally，after years of training and intensive workouts，Deborah Duffey was going to compete in her first high school basketball game.The goals of becoming an outstanding player and playing college ball were never far from Deborah’s mind.
The game was against Mills High School.With 1 minute and 42 seconds left in the game，Deborah’s team led by one point.A player of Mills had possession of the ball，and Deborah ran to guard against her.As Deborah was running to block the player，her knee went out and she fell down on the court in burning pain.Just like that，Deborah’s season was over.
After suffering the bad injury，Deborah found that，for the first time in her life，she was in a situation beyond her control.Game after game，she could do nothing but sit on the sidelines watching others play the game that she loved so much.
Injuries limited Deborah’s time on the court as she hurt her knees three more times in the next five years.She had to spend countless hours in a physical clinic to receive treatment.Her frequent visits there gave her a passion and respect for the profession.And Deborah began to see a new light in her life.
Currently as a senior in college，Deborah focuses on getting a degree in physical treatment.After she graduates，Deborah plans to use her knowledge to educate people how to best take care of their bodies and cope_with the feelings of hopelessness that she remembers so well.
1．What is the best title for this passage?
A．A Painful Mistake
B．Great Adventure
C．A Lifelong Punishment
D．A New Direction in Life
2．How did Deborah feel when she first hurt her knee?
A．Calm.　　　　　　　　　 B．Confused.
C．Ashamed. D．Disappointed.
3．What is TRUE about Deborah Duffey?
A．She didn’t play on the court after the injury.
B．She injured her knee when she was trying to block a player.
C．She knew that she couldn’t be a basketball player when she was a child.
D．She refused to seek professional assistance to help her recover from her injuries.
4．What does the underlined phrase “cope with”in the last paragraph most likely mean?
A．Put up with. B．Get along with.
C．Deal with. D．Come up with.
B

(2015·潍坊一模)Can you imagine a world without chocolate? It’s not something I’d like to do，so I was relieved to read that there’s a university with a programme to safeguard the future of chocolate!
The University of Reading，in England，has just opened a new clearing house for all the world’s new cocoa varieties.They must be quarantined (实行检疫) before they can be grown.Why? Cocoa production hit a record high of 4.4 million tons last year but about 30% of the precious crop is regularly lost to pests and diseases.Now we don’t want that，do we?
Demand for chocolate has been increasing faster than the world supply of cocoa and researchers think that new varieties are key to solving this problem.
The University of Reading has been protecting the quality of the new crop since 1985，after it took over the task from the Royal Botanical Gardens in Kew，London.And it has improved its facilities.The leader of the institution’s cocoa project，Professor Paul Hadley，says，“One of the main issues concerning cocoa improvement is the supply of reliably clean，healthy，interesting cocoa material.”
The cocoa centre has a collection of 400 plant varieties and their greenhouse uses a lot of energy to keep them in tropical conditions.After up to two years in quarantine，clean and safe seeds are sent to some 20 countries，including several in West Africa.That’s where 75% of the cocoa used for chocolate worldwide comes from.The crop is extremely important for the local economy：it employs about two million people.
Professor Paul Hadley says he works with a small team of skilled technicians who look after the collection.And more of us seem to count on them now.
The scientist says，“There is some concern within the industry that demand is increasing constantly，particularly in countries like China，where the standard of living is increasing and people are getting a taste for different chocolates.”
5．What is the text mainly about?
A．Safeguarding cocoa seeds.
B．Planting cocoa seeds worldwide.
C．Keeping cocoa seeds in greenhouse.
D．Finding the new market for cocoa.
6．The institution’s cocoa project is to ________．
A．have cocoa skin removed
B．offer more jobs to people
C．ensure the quality of cocoa
D．supply cocoa for two million people
7．What does the last paragraph tell us?
A．The taste of chocolates is changing.
B．Demand for cocoa is increasing continually.
C．People are concerned about cocoa varieties.
D．Chinese have a long history of eating chocolates.
8．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To educate. 　　　　 B．To advertise.
C．To warn. D．To inform.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2015·甘肃第一次诊断)It was a freezing cold evening in northern Virginia many years ago.An old man was waiting for a __1__across the river.
At last he heard some hooves(马蹄)__2__along the frozen path.Anxiously，he watched as several horsemen came around the bend.__3__，he let them pass by one after another.Finally，as the __4__rider was drawing near，the old man __5__the rider’s eye and asked whether he would __6__giving him a ride to the other side.
The rider agreed __7__．Seeing the old man was unable to __8__his half­frozen body from the ground，the horseman __9__and helped the old man __10__the horse.The horseman took the old man not just across the river，but to his __11__，a tiny but cozy cottage.
Before leaving，out of __12__，the horseman asked the old man why on such a bitter winter night he would wait and ask the last rider and 13__he had refused.The old man replied，“I looked into the eyes of the other riders and immediately saw there was no __14__for my situation.But when I looked into your eyes，I was certain that your gentle spirit would give me __15__in my time of need.”
Those __16__comments touched the horseman deeply，who __17__the old man.“May I never get too busy with my own affairs that I __18__ to respond to the needs of others with kindness and compassion.”
With __19__，Thomas Jefferson，president of the United States，turned his horse around and __20__his way back to the White House.
1.A.horseman 　　　　　　　 B．horse
C．ride D．friend
2．A.attacking B．running
C．entering D．approaching
3．A.However B．Therefore
C．Thus D．Moreover
4．A.coming B．leaving
C．next D．last
5．A.kept B．caught
C．looked D．saw
6．A.mind B．avoid
C．prefer D．try
7．A.seriously B．doubtfully
C．willingly D．strangely
8．A.lift B．push
C．feel D．stand
9．A.went off B．turned around
C．set out D．got down
10．A.onto B．over
C．off D．above
11．A.hometown B．apartment
C．destination D．village
12．A.courage B．curiosity
C．enthusiasm D．honesty
13．A.what about B．if only
C．how come D．what if
14．A.chance B．doubt
C．concern D．reason
15．A.strength B．comfort
C．generosity D．assistance
16．A.heartwarming B．impressive
C．pessimistic D．optimistic
17．A.persuaded B．told
C．reminded D．suggested
18．A.manage B．fail
C．disagree D．remember
19．A.it B．them
C．that D．this
20．A.made B．struggled
C．felt D．fought

第十八组
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了Deborah Duffey是如何从篮球比赛的受伤中获得新生的。
1．解析：选D。标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段可知，Deborah Duffey现在正在大学学习物理疗法，毕业后，她打算利用所学知识教育人们如何照顾身体和处理无助的感觉，即Deborah找到了人生新的方向，故选D项。
2．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“she was in a situation beyond her control.Game after game，she could do nothing but...loved so much”可推知，Deborah对自己目前的状况感到失望，故选D项。
3．解析：选B。正误判断题。根据第二段中的“As Deborah was running to block the player，her knee went out and she fell down on the court in burning pain”可知，Deborah在拦截一个球员时，膝盖受伤了，故选B项。
4．解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，Deborah Duffey现在正在大学学习物理疗法，毕业后，她打算利用所学的知识教育人们如何照顾身体和处理无助的感觉，deal with“处理”，故选C项。
【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了英国一项保护可可种子的项目。
5．解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段的第二句“It’s not something I’d like to do，so I was relieved to read that there’s a university with a programme to safeguard the future of chocolate！”及第五段中的“clean and safe seeds”可知，本文主要讲的是英国保护可可种子的项目，即A项正确。
6．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“The leader of the institution’s cocoa project，Professor Paul Hadley，says，‘One of the main issues concerning cocoa improvement is the supply of reliably clean，healthy，interesting cocoa material.’”可知，这个机构是要确保可可粉的质量，即C项正确。
7．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的关键词“demand is increasing constantly”可知，本段主要讲可可需求的不断增长，即B项正确。
8．解析：选D。写作意图题。文章第一段点题，结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国保护可可种子的项目，属于向读者传递信息的类型，即D项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了美国前总统Thomas Jefferson帮助一位老人过河的故事。Thomas Jefferson通过这件事认识到，不要因为忙于自己的事而忽略了他人的需求。
1．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。horseman意为“骑马者”；horse意为“马”；ride意为“(骑马、骑自行车或乘车)旅程”；friend意为“朋友”。根据第二段最后一句中的“giving him a ride to the other side”可知，此处应填ride。故答案选C。
2．解析：选D。考查动词辨析。attack意为“攻击”；run意为“跑”；enter意为“进入”；approach意为“靠近，接近”。下文提到，骑着马的那几个人从这位老人身边一一经过，由此可推知，这位老人听到了马蹄声正在向他这个方向靠近。故答案选D。
3．解析：选A。考查副词辨析。however意为“然而”；therefore意为“因此”；thus意为“因此”；moreover意为“而且”。根据语境可知，这位老人想过河。然而他却没有向这几个骑马的人求助，而是让他们一个接一个地过河而去。故however符合语境。故答案选A。
4．解析：选D。考查词义辨析。coming意为“即将来临的”；leaving意为“离开”；next意为“下一个的”；last意为“最后的”。根据第四段第一句中的“ask the last rider”可知，此处应填last。故答案选D。
5．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。keep意为“保持”；catch意为“注意，看见”；look意为“看”，后面接名词时通常加介词；see意为“看到”。根据语境可知，这位老人注视着这位骑马者的眼睛，与第四段最后一句中“when I looked into your eyes”相呼应。故答案选B。
6．解析：选A。考查动词辨析。mind意为“介意”；avoid意为“避免”；prefer意为“更喜欢”；try意为“努力”。根据语境可知，这位老人问这位骑马者是否介意将他带到河对岸。故mind符合语境。故答案选A。
7．解析：选C。考查副词辨析。seriously意为“严肃地”，doubtfully意为“怀疑地”；willingly意为“乐意地”；strangely意为“奇怪地”。根据下文可知，这位骑马者将这位老人带过了河，说明他欣然同意了这位老者的请求。故willingly符合语境。故答案选C。
8．解析：选A。考查动词辨析。lift意为“将……从原地移开，举起”；push意为“推”；feel意为“感觉”；stand意为“站立”。根据语境“...was unable to________his half­frozen body from the ground...”可知，这位老者因为半个身子都冻僵了，所以他自己上不了马。故lift符合语境。故答案选A。
9．解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。go off意为“离开”；turn around意为“转身”；set out意为“动身”；get down意为“下来”。根据上文可知，这位老人自己上不了马，由此结合空格后的“helped the old man...”可知，此处应指这位骑马者下马帮助老人上马。故答案选D。
10．解析：选A。考查介词辨析。onto意为“移到……上”；over意为“越过”；off意为“从……上落下”；above 意为“超过，在……正上方”。此处指这位骑马者帮助老人上马。onto符合语境。故答案选A。
11．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。hometown意为“家乡”；apartment意为“公寓”；destination意为“目的地”；village意为“村庄”。根据空格后的“a tiny but cozy cottage”可推知，这位骑马者不仅帮助这位老人过河，还将老人送回了家，即老人的目的地。故destination符合语境。故答案选C。
12．解析：选B。考查名词辨析。courage意为“勇气”；curiosity意为“好奇”；enthusiasm意为“热情”；honesty意为“诚实”。根据空格后“the horseman asked the old man why on such a bitter winter night he would wait and ask the last rider...”可知，这位骑马者对这位老人不向前几位骑马者求助，而向他(即最后一位骑马者)求助的做法有些好奇，想知道他为什么这么做。故curiosity符合语境。故答案选B。
13．解析：选D。考查短语辨析。what about意为“……怎么样”；if only意为“要是……就好了”；how come意为“……怎么回事”；what if意为“要是……怎么办”。根据语境可知，这位骑马者问这位老人为什么会选择向最后一个骑马的人求助，要是他拒绝了怎么办。故what if符合语境。故答案选D。
14．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。chance意为“机会”；doubt意为“怀疑”；concern意为“关心，担心”；reason意为“理由”。根据语境可知，这位老人观察了其他骑马者的眼神，发现他们并不关心自己的处境。故concern符合语境。故答案选C。
15．解析：选D。考查名词辨析。strength意为“力量”；comfort意为“舒适”；generosity意为“慷慨”；assistance意为“援助，帮助”。根据语境可知，这位老人很确定最后一位骑马者会给他帮助。故assistance符合语境。故答案选D。
16．解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。heartwarming意为“使人愉快的，暖人心房的”；impressive意为“给人深刻印象的”；pessimistic意为“悲观的”；optimistic意为“乐观的”。根据上文这位老人所说的话可推知，老人这些暖人心房的话深深地触动了这位骑马者。故heartwarming符合语境。故答案选A。
17．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。persuade意为“说服”；tell意为“告诉”；remind意为“提醒”；suggest意为“建议”。根据空格后的内容可知，这是这位骑马者对这位老人说的话。故答案选B。
18．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。manage意为“管理”；fail意为“未能做，失败”；disagree意为“不同意”；remember意为“记起”。根据骑马者所说的话“May I never get too busy with my own affairs that I________to respond to the needs of others with kindness and compassion.”可知，这位骑马者希望自己将来不要因忙于自己的事而注意不到其他人的需求。故fail符合语境。故答案选B。
19．解析：选C。考查代词辨析。it用来指代上文提到的同一个事物；them用来指代上文提到的复数名词或代词；that用来指代上文提到的某种想法；this用于指代较近的人、物、地方或事情。此处用that指代Thomas Jefferson对这位老人所说的那句话。故答案选C。
20．解析：选A。考查动词辨析。make意为“使得，进行，制造”；struggle意为“挣扎”；feel意为“感受”；fight 意为“斗争”。根据语境可知，Thomas Jefferson转身踏上回白宫的路。make one’s way是固定短语，意为“前进，行走”，符合语境。故答案选A。
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