初中英语作文技巧和模板.doc

(一)掌握技巧：(1)注意篇章结构，合理布局开始部分(opening paragraph)说出文中的要点、核心问题。正文部分(Body paragraphs)围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。结尾部分(concluding paragraphs)对全文的总结和概括。要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容。(2)确定主题句主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。写主题句应注意以下几点：归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点提炼出一句具有概括性的话主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。(二)巧用连接词要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词表示罗列增加First, second, third,First, then / next, after that / next, finallyFor one thingfor another,On (the) one handon the other hand,Besides / whats more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,Especially / In particular,表示时间顺序now, at present, recently,after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,at first, in the beginning, to begin with,later, next, finally,immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the momentform now on, from then on,at the same time, meanwhile,till, notuntil, before, after, when, while, as during,表示解释说明now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreoverfurthermore, in fact, actually表示转折关系but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the otherhand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, ofcourse, after all,表示并列关系or, and, also, too, not onlybut also, as well as, bothand, eitheror, neithernor表示因果关系because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to, due to, therefore, as aresult (of), otherwise, sothat, suchthat表示条件关系as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless表示让步关系though, although, as, even if, even though, whetheror, however, whoever,whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when,whom)表示举例for example, for instance, such as, takefor example表示比较be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)just like,just as,表示目的for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,表示强调in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly,obviously, above all,表示概括归纳in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as faras I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in1考生列举出解决问题的多种途径:1.问题现状 2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点) In recent days, we have to face I problem-A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, -(说明A的现状).Second, -(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解决方法一). For another -(解决方法二). Finally, -(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because -(带来的好处).2.观点型作文：要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1.有一些人认为。2.另一些人认为。3.我的看法。Thetopicof-(主题)isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Therearetwosidesofopinionsofit.SomeeoplesayAisheirfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereasonof-(支持A的理由一)Whatismore,-理由二).Moreover,-(理由三).WhileothersthinkthatBisabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firstly,-(支持B的理由一).Secondly(besides),-(理由二).Thirdly(finally),-(理由三).Frommypointofview,Ithink-(我的观点).Thereasonisthat-原因).Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformerissurelyawisechoice.2)给出一个观点,要求考生反对这一观点Somepeoplebelievethat-(观点一).Forexample,theythink-(举例说明).Anditwillbringthem-(为他们带来的好处).Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,-(我不同意该看法的理由一).Foranotherthing,-(反对的理由之二).FormallwhatIhavesaid,Iagreetothethoughtthat-(我对文章所讨论主题的看法).3.作文的框架as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage inthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文题目的议题_ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_ in _to _ in _. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _.Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for _.Ontheonehand, _. Ontheotherhand,_ is duetothefactthat _.Inaddition, _ is responsiblefor _.Maybetherearesomeotherreasons toshow _.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonly convincing.AsfarasIamconcerned,I hold the point of view that _.Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.1：投诉信 Dear_, I am . (自我介绍) I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about_. The reason for my dissatisfaction is _(总体介绍). In the first place,_(抱怨的第一个方面). In addition, _(抱怨的第二个方面). Under these circumstances, I find it _(感觉) to _(抱怨的方面给你带来的后果). I appreciate it very much if you could_(提出建议和请求), preferably _(进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by _(设定解决事情最后期限). Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely Li Ming 2：询问信 Dear _, I am _(自我介绍). I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding_.(要询问的内容) First of all, what are _?(第一个问题) Secondly, when will_?(第二个问题) Thirdly, is _?(第三个问题) I would also like to inquire _(将最重要的问题单独成段). Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects? Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated. Yours sincerely Li Ming 3：请求信 Dear_, I am writing to formally request to_(请求的内容) The reason for _is that_（给出原因）.I_, so I _(给出细节) I would also like to request _(提出进一步的要求). I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused. Thank you for your attention to these requests. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at_(电话号码). I look forward to a favorable reply. Yours sincerely Li Ming初中英语作文高分秘诀1. 动笔之前，认真审题中考考试说明指出，书面表达要切中题意。怎样才能切中题意？就是要认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。2. 围绕中心，拟定提纲书面表达评分原则有四条：（1）内容要点；（2）运用词汇和结构的数量；（3）运用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（4）上下文的连贯性。由此可见，要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾，设想几个承上启下的连词，将主要句型、关键词语草草记下，形成提纲，写时切忌结构分散，废话连篇，严重跑题。书面表达，内容广泛，题材多样，要弄清考题的要求是写人、叙事、介绍、评论、图表、书信、日记、通知、便条还是看图作文或改写缩写。如果是日记，要写清年、月、日和天气情况；如果是书信，则要注意书信的格式，注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定的字数太多。3. 语言通顺，表达准确(1) 避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用，以避免重复和呆板。(2) 多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。(3)注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。1) 语态、时态要准确无误。2) 主谓语要一致，主语的人称和数要和谓语一致。3) 注意人称代词的宾格形式。4) 注意冠词用法，例如： He is an honest student.中的an不能写成a。5) 注意拼写、标点符号和大小写，例如：receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。标点符号特别注意汉英的不同，例如： 汉语 英语 A. 句号 。 . B. 省略号 C. 顿号 、 无(4) 描写人物时，要生动具体，例如：1) 外表特征：tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。2) 服饰颜色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。3) 内心境界：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。4) 感情描写：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。5) 动作描写：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。(5) 上下文要连贯。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则，因此同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序（时间或空间），使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。同学们应注意下面过渡的用法：1) 表示并列关系的过渡词：and, as well as, or 2) 表示转折关系的过渡词：but, yet, however 3) 表示时间关系的过渡词：first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that 4) 表示空间关系的过渡词：near (to), far (from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside 5) 表示比较关系的过渡词：in the same way, just like, just as 6) 表示对照关系的过渡词：but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though 7) 表示递进关系的过渡词： also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again 8) 表示因果关系的过渡词：because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result9) 表示解释说明的过渡词：for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually 10) 表示强调的过渡词：in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important 11) 表示目的的过渡词：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, 12) 表示列举的过渡词：for example , such as 13) 表示总结性的过渡词：in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking 4. 不会表达，另辟蹊径中考作文给分是以要点和语言准确度而定，不以文采打分。造句越简单准确越好，造复合句容易出错，容易被扣分，阅卷场上有句话：“错误面前人人平等，文采好不加分”。如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达，可采用变通的办法，化难为易，化繁为简。总之，所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯。(1) 迂回而行当汉语词义不会用英语表达时，可以想一个与这个汉语词义相似的几种词义。扩展思路，然后从英语中找出一个与其词义相近的代替。这样可有异曲同工之妙。(2) 小词大用汉语中有些语意看来很复杂很文雅，但在英语中可用一些常用词表达。下面这些词可能在你的书面表达中很有用：take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。(3) 借花献佛有时书面表达中需要的单词或词组或许在试卷中的其他地方出现。因为刚刚做过题，记忆犹新，那么就可信手拈来，为我所用。5. 锦上添花，量力而行如果你还有时间和精力，想把书面表达写得更好，那么，请注意以下几点：(1) 句型多样化，不要I（We）到底，使人觉得乏味。(2) 适当使用一些并列句或主从复合句。(3) 进一步描绘人或事物时，适当使用定语从句。(4) 适当使用分词或分词短语，烘托谓语动词。(5) 偶尔使用一下倒装句，增加新鲜感。(6) 适当调换一下状语在句子中的位置，使句子不雷同。(7) 上下句子紧接时，其中完全相同的成分可以省略，以节省篇幅。6. 书写工整，卷面整洁字迹要清晰，让阅卷人看得清楚，不可字迹潦草，难以辨认，要保持卷面的整洁。7. 写完之后，勿忘检查中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：(1) 格式是否有错。2) 拼写有无错误。(3) 语言是否用错。(4) 时态、语态错误。(5) 标点错误。(6) 人称是否用错。【注意】此时不宜在卷面上作较大的改动，以免顾此失彼，影响全局。总之，只要平时同学们多练习写作并有意运用上述方法和技巧，合理分配时间，在中考时一定能写出高质量的作文，得到令人满意的考分。