北师大版高中英语选修七第2讲：Unit19-Language-词汇篇2(学生版)-.doc

Unit19 Language-词汇篇2

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1.掌握本单元Lesson2、 Lesson3及Communication Workshop中的重点单词，短语及句型。
2. 灵活运用本单元Lesson2、 Lesson3及Communication Workshop中的重点单词，短语及句型。

一．重点单词和短语
1. catch on((思想、服饰等)受……的欢迎，(在……中)流行，(被……)接受(with sb.)；理解，了解((to sth.)；学会
短语拓展：
catch up with sb./sth. 赶上……
catch sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事
catch sight of 看见
catch one’s attention/eye吸引某人
Being a foreigner, Carl did not catch on to the joke.
卡尔是个外国人，不了解这个笑话的含意。
2.the +比较级…， the +比较级… 越……越……
The shorter your dialogue, the better is.你们的对话，越短越好。
The more difficult the problem is , the more careful we should be.
问题越难， 我们就应该越小心。
3.keep to 遵守
I’m sorry, but we have to keep to the timetable, sir.抱歉，先生 我们得按时间表办事。
Keep to the point.不要离题。
短语拓展：
keep on继续
keep away form 避免接近，远离
I must keep away form the thieves.
keep up 保持
Well done! Keep up the good work!干的好， 继续好好干吧！
4.set off 启程
短语拓展：set about 开始，着手
set aside 留出， 把…放一边
set down 记下， 写下
set out 动身；开始工作；陈述
set up 建立， 创建
Remove the mushrooms and set them aside.摘下这些文蘑菇， 把它们放在一边。
I want to set down my feelings sown on paper.我想将我的感受写在纸上。
5.congratulate vt.祝贺，恭喜
congratulate sb. on sth.为某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on 庆幸，感到幸运
You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。
【易混辨析】
congratulate与celebrate
(1)congratulate“祝贺，庆贺”，其宾语不是所祝贺的事，而是所祝贺的人。常用于祝贺某人取得成功、赢得奖品或名次等。
(2)celebrate“庆祝”，指用荣誉、节日或欢乐的庆典庆祝(一天或一个事件)。
You can congratulate yourself on having done a good job.
你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到高兴。
His victory was celebrated with music and dancing.
以音乐和舞蹈庆祝他的胜利。
6. on the other hand另一方面
on the one hand...on the other hand)...一方面……，另一方面……
for one thing..., for another...一则……；二则……
On (the) one hand I want to sell the house, but on the other hand, I can’t bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。
[特别提醒]
on (the) one hand...on the other (hand)...常表达相矛盾的两方面；
for one thing..., for another...陈述的两方面情况常一致。
7.consist of 由…组成
短语拓展
make up组成
be made up of 由……组成
The brain is made up of cells in a certain arrangement.人脑是细胞按照一定的排列方式组成的。
8. On purpose 故意地
for (the)purpose of 为的是；为了……的目的
with the purpose of 以……为目的
to the purpose 得要领的，中肯的；合适的
He did it on purpose.他故意做的。
I came here on purpose to see you.我特地来这儿看你。
9.while conj.然而
原文再现：Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss.某人高兴地跳跃是容易看到的，而挑起眉毛表示怀疑更容易被人忽略。
句型剖析：此句为并列句，while的意思并不是“当…的时候”，引导时间状语从句，此处的while为并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后意义上的对比或转折。
温馨提示：while 还可以引导让步状语从句， 意为“尽管”，此时while必须位于句首。
经典例句：
He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
While I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot
10. unconscious adj.无意的
辨析unconscious与unaware
易混词
词义
区别
unconscious
无意识的
指缺乏意识和感知能力
unaware
没察觉到的
指集中注意力却没发现
They found him lying unconscious on the floor.他们发现他晕倒在地板上。
He was unaware of his mistake.他没有意识到他的错误。
11. merely adv.只，仅仅
辨析merely/only/ simply
易混词
词义
区别
merely
仅仅
副词， 只不过
only
只
形容词，唯一的
simply
只，不过
副词，简单地
This is merely the beginning.这仅仅是个开头。
He is the only man for the position.他是这个职位的唯一人选。
This drink consists simply of fresh orange.这种饮料仅含新鲜橙汁。
12.negotiate v. 协商，洽谈
negotiator n.谈判者
negotiation n.商谈
短语拓展：
negotiate with sb.和某人谈判、协商
We’ve decided to negotiate with the employers about our wage claim.
我们决定就提高工资的问题与雇主谈判。
13.regardless of 不管， 不顾
辨析regardless of/despite/in spite of
易混词
词义
区别
regardless of
不管， 不顾
介词短语，强调客观上无法避免的事实
despite
尽管
介词，语气比in spite of轻
in spite of
不管，无视
介词短语，强调主观上故意忽视
He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’s feelings.他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的感受。
They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather. 尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。
The plane took off in spite of the bad weather. 尽管天气不好，飞机还是起飞了
14.due to由于
短语拓展：
thanks to…由于……，幸亏
on account of 因为……
because of …因为……
Thanks to his efforts, it is more successful that we have expected.由于他的努力，事情比我们预测的更加成功。
We delayed our departure on account of bad weather.由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟了。
Many beautiful fish are facing disappearance because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重， 许多美丽的鱼类正面临绝种。
15.nevertheless adv.然而
辨析nevertheless与but
易混词
词义
区别
nevertheless
然而
比but语气弱，并不是直接引出相反的情况，常用作插入语，侧重即使做出完全的让步，也没有任何影响，或者说也不是决定因素。
but
但是
but用来引出相反的情况，较口语化
There was no news; nevertheless, we went on hoping.尽管没有消息， 我们仍抱着希望。
Tom went to the party, but his brother didn’t.汤姆去参加聚会去了，但他的兄弟却没去。
二．重点句型
1.unless 引导条件状语从句
unless相当于if…not,引导条件状语从句，在翻译unless引导的条件状语从句时应关注主句与从句的逻辑关系，将其完整地翻译为“除非……否则的话……”
I shall not go unless I hear from her.除非我收到她的来信，否则的话我就不去。
2.provided (that)如果，在……条件下
provided that如果，在……条件下,其中that可以省略，也可以写作providing( that),引导条件状语从句，相当于on condition that

例1. (2014陕西) Ralph W. Emerson would always ________new ideas that occurred to him.
A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down
例2. (2014山东枣庄六中开学初检)It puzzles the scientists __________ some mammals produce their young _______others lay eggs .
A. that; while B. what; while C. that; as D. what; as
例3. (2014福建) Our club is open to everyone __________age, sex or educational background.
A. due to B. except for C. along with D. regardless of
例4. (2015安徽安庆一中四模)The manager refused to have his daughter in his department _________showing favor to her.
A. in need of B. because of C. for fear of D. regardless of
例5. (2015浙江杭州七校联考)My parents lent me the money.________, I couldn’t have afforded the trip.
A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless

基础演练
一.单项填空。
( )1. This special school accepts all disabled students，______educational level and background.
A. according to　　　　　 B. regardless of
C. in addition to D. in terms of
( )2. This is a nice song. I think it will ________quickly.
A. hold on B. go on
C. get on D. catch on
( )3.Cheer up! ________trying and you'll make it.
A. Keep up B. Keep on
C. Keep away from D. Go on with
( )4. －I wonder how much you charge for your services.
－The first two are free ________the third costs$30.
A. while B. until
C. when D. before
( )5. －I'm sorry. I didn't spill the juice on your clothes________.
－That's OK.
A. on purpose B. by accident
C. after all D. in general
( )6. I would like a job which pays more，but________I enjoy the work I'm doing at the moment.
A. in other words B. on the other hand
C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact
( )7. All happy families ________one another，but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.
A. like B. appear
C. resemble D. represent
( )8. My parents don't approve ________out.
A. of me and Mary staying B. of Mary and me staying
C. of Mary and my staying D. about Mary and me staying
( )9. The House of Commons________658 members.
A. make up　　　　　　　 B. consisted of
C. made up of D. was included
( )10. As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，________.
A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are
C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life
巩固提高
一．用括号内单词的适当形式填空

1.I hope the arrangements will meet with your ________(approve).
2. ________ (congratulate) on your success!
3.The story shows little ________ (resemble) to the facts.
4.He lay in bed ________ (conscious) for many days and finally he woke up.
5.Their ________ (negotiate) was fruitless.
二．用方框内短语的适当形式填写句子
be unconscious of　on purpose　approve of　on the one hand　regardless of
1.She broke the window ____________to show her anger.
2.His parents don’t ____________his going abroad to study.
3.He____________his shortcomings and it made his mother angry.
4.He is determined to do so __all consequences.
5. ____________,you shouldn’t be shy; on the other hand, you mustn’t forget your manners.

一．根据句意及首字母或汉语提示,用单词的适当形式填空
1.All _________(全体职员)of the company are eligible for the retirement plan.
2.He made several favorable comments about the _________ (候选人).
3.She was _________ (窘迫的)when people asked her age.
4.As the wages are low, there are few_________ (申请人)for the job.
5.No one doubts h is_________ (胜 任)as a teacher.
6.He obtained d_________ in architecture, but it is no guarantee of everything.
7.He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic r_________.
8.He is very p _________and always arrives on the dot.
9.An air s _________came and asked him if he would like some drink.
10.You’re professional, but I am an a_________.
二．用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1.I’ll __________(applicant) to the company for a job.
2.I shall go __________ (provide) it doesn’t rain.
3.She had to leave off if he couldn’t be __________ (competence) for the job.
4.He dealt with an__________ (embarrass) situation in a skillful way.
5.Keep your safety belt __________ (fasten).

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一．单项选择
( )1.Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with w spends his time, his house his personality. 
A. resembles　 B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes
( )2.The government tried every means not 　　　 to 　　　the basic living level but also help them to make more money. 
A. nearly; balance B. almost; register
C. hardly; delicate D. merely; guarantee
( )3.It was a little difficult for a young teacher to 　　　 a new flat merely after graduation 
A. repair B. brush C. purchase D. start
( )4.Big companies in Germany generally 　　　 the euro, while small manufacturers are nervous. Big banks are in favor; small ones are against. 
A. consist of B. complain of C. approve of D. dream of
( )5.　　　 advertisements are of great help, I don’t think we should entirely rely on them. 
A. Since B. While C. Because D.As
( )6.The book gives a brief 　　　 of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.
A. outline B. reference C. article D. outlook
( )7.The Young Pioneers are busy practicing programs, for the celebration is 　　　 
A.at hand B.in hand C. on the other hand D. out of hand
( )8.This special school accepted all disabled students,　　　 educational level and background. 
A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of
( )9.He once observed that “All happy families 　　　 one another, but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.” 
A. like B. appear C. resemble D. represent
( )10.The broader the boat is, 　　　. 
A. the more safe is it in bad weather B. the safer it is in bad weather
C. the safer in bad weather is it D. the more safe in d weather it is
二.完形填空
To learn another language is more than just learning words and grammar, it involves learning about another culture, too. We 　1　 much of our own culture’s body language before we learn to speak, from the time we are 　2　, usually without even being aware of it. And that body language 　3　 from culture to culture　4　 it’s something to which second language 　5　 should pay attention. 
Sometimes, cultural 　6　 in appropriate body language can　7　 discomfort or 　8　 too. For example, there are definite cultural differences in how much distance should kept between two people who are speaking together. If you are used to people keeping their 　9　, you will feel very uncomfortable, and probably 　10　 away repeatedly, if someone keeps trying to stand 　11　 to you at a party! We call this the “personal comfort zone”. 
Another 　12　 example of misunderstanding is the use of a 　13　. In some Asian cultures, a smile can show embarrassment or apology.　14　, smiling back at a teacher who is unhappy with you, or a stranger whose foot you accidentally 　15　 upon is probably not a 　16　 idea in most English speaking cultures!  
Even speakers of the same 　17　, such a British, American, or Australian people, may not use the 　18　 body language and must adapt 　19　 they wish to communicate successfully. British people are said to be more reserved and formal, in general, and this is reflected in their body language. Americans are considered more open and outgoing,　20　 Australians are seen as casual and relaxed. 
( )1.A.know　　　　　　 B. master C. introduce D. learn
( )2.A. children B. students C. adults D .babies
( )3.A.varies B. goes C comes D. translates
( )4.A.when B. because C.so D. if
( )5.A.users B. learners C. teachers D. makers
( )6.A.differences B. similarities C. learners D. users
( )7.A.lead B. produce C. make D. cause
( )8.A.ease B. misunderstandings C. thoughts D. worry
( )9.A.calm B. quiet C. distance D. room
( )10.A.go B. move C. run D. turn
( )11.A. closer B. farther C. lower D. higher
( )12.A.special B. particular C. common D. usual
( )13.A.smile B. cry C. laughter D. tear
( )14.A.Therefore B. However C. But D. So
( )15.A. looked B. beat C. stepped D. threw
( )16.A.bad B. serious C. difficult D. good
( )17.A.language B. culture C. knowledge D. belief
( )18.A.different B. same C. similar D. easy
( )19.A.while B. since C. if D. because
( )20.A.when B.as C. since D. while