高中英语虚拟语气考点题型与解题方法.docx

高中英语虚拟语气考点题型与解题方法1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、But for the rescue teams efforts, more lives _ in the wreck accident.Awould be claimedBshould have claimedCwould have claimedDcould have been claimed答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是团队的努力，更多人的就会在这次失事事故中丧生。分析句子可知，句子为过去时态，更多人本会在失事事故中丧生，与过去事实相反，用情态动词could+have done结构表示，又因为lives与claim之间存在逻辑是的动宾关系，用被动语态，所以填could have been claimed。故选D项。2、-Your head teacher is really a thoughtful man.-Exactly. If he_,he _ me in todays class before all my classmates.Aisnt; would punishBwasnt; would punishChadnt; would have punishedDwerent; would have punished答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你的班主任真是个有思想的人。完全正确。如果他不是，他就会在今天的课上当着所有同学面前惩罚我。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，故选D。小提示：If引导的虚拟语气：1).表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2).表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3).表示与将来事实相反从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）3、This is the first time I _ my picture with my own hands.It is time that you _ a picture for me.Ahave taken; tookBtook; should takeCtook; will takeDwill take; have taken答案：A解析：考查时态。句意：-这是我第一次自己拍照。-你是该给我照张相了。take a picture照相的意思，This is the first time这一句型，其后一句使用现在完成时；It is time that句型是常用语虚拟语气，对现在的虚拟用一般过去式，故选A。小提示：时态是常考考点，除了要求考生掌握各个时态的基本用法之外，考生需具有在具体语境中辨别能力。时态的判定往往根据句中所给的直接或间接的时间状语来判定，但要注意的是不能完全依赖于所给出的时间状语，还要看语境。本小题没有明显的时间提示，但This is the first time这是个固定句型，其后用现在完成时； It is time that句型是常用语虚拟语气，根据上文语境可知，此处说的是现在，用一般过去式。4、They demand that we _ the task on time.AaccomplishBwill accomplishCaccomplishedDhad accomplished答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求我们按时完成任务。动词demand作“要求”之意时，后接宾语从句，从句用should + 动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选A。5、If you had enough money, what _？Awill you buyBwould you buyCwould you have boughtDwill you have bought答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你有足够的钱，你会买什么？此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用did(was用were)，主句用would/should/could+动词原形，故B项正确。小提示：非真实条件句的虚拟语气的基本用法是：表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用had done，主句谓语动词用would/should/could+have done；表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用did(was用were)，主句谓语动词用would/should/could+动词原形；表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用did(was用were)，should do或were to do，主句谓语动词用would/should/could+动词原形。6、What would you do if the war against COVID-19 again in China?Ais broken outBwill break outCwere to break outDwould break out答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果中国再次爆发抗新冠肺炎战争，你会怎么做？此句是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，主句中用would+动词原形，if从句中用were to+动词原形，break out“爆发，发生”没有被动语态。故选C。7、I missed the chance to meet the movie star in the flesh. How I wish I _ ill yesterday！Adidnt fallBwerent fallingChadnt fallenDhavent fallen答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。解题步骤：1).确定虚拟语气：wish后面接宾语从句的时候用虚拟语气；2).确定时态：根据空后yesterday可知，此处描述的是对过去动作的虚拟，和过去相反的动作用过去完成时。句意：我错过了与这位电影明星见面的机会。我多么希望昨天没有生病啊！故选C。8、Many people _ from sickness or even small wounds had penicillin not been available.Awould dieBwould have diedCmay dieDmay have died答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，许多人可能会死于疾病甚至小伤口。分析句意可知，此句是一个虚拟语气，根据句中的“had penicillin not been available”可知，此句是对过去的虚拟，故其主语的谓语动词应用“should/would/might/could+have+过去分词”。结合选项，故选B。9、Without the wise leadership of the Party, it _ hard to achieve the GDP growth target for 2020 at between 6 percent and 6).5 percent.Awould have beenBwould beCwereDhad been答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有党的英明领导，很难实现2019年国内生产总值增长66).5的目标。此处是without短语相当于虚拟条件句，根据“2019”判断是对将来的虚拟，主句用would + do的形式，故B项正确。10、They both look as if they _ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.AareBwereChave beenDhad been答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他们俩谈心之后，看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境，as if引导的表语从句用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词look可知，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选B。11、As two cases of Omicro coronavirus variant have been detected, the British government has urged that anyone who has arrived from South Africa recently _.Abeing testedBwas testedCmust be testedDbe tested答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：由于已发现两例奥米克罗冠状病毒变异病例，英国政府敦促最近从南非抵达的任何人接受检测。A. being tested正在被检测；B. was tested被检测；C. must be tested必须被检测；D. be tested被检测。分析句子，has urged后接that引导的宾语从句， urge表示“敦促”，后接宾语从句时应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，本句中test与主语anyone之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即（should）be tested。故选D项。12、Experts recommended parents _their children to play computer games for more than an hour a day.Anot allowBdo not allowCmustnt allowDcouldnt allow答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：专家建议父母每天不允许孩子玩电脑游戏超过一个小时。recommend表示主观的肯定时，后面的需要用到虚拟语气，但是其中的should可以省略，且后面应该跟随动词原形，当需要否定的时候，直接在do前面加否定词not，故选A。13、-Have you heard that Ben and Bill had a fight yesterday?-Yes. Now they dont say a single word to each other. It seems as if they _ each other before.Adidnt knowBdont knowChave never knownDhad never known答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你听说昨天 Ben 和 Bill 打架了吗？是的。现在他们一句话也不说了。他们好像之前从来不认识对方。as if “好像”，在引导从句时，即可表示对现在、过去时间的虚拟，也可表示对将来时间的虚拟，其后要用虚拟语气。当表示和过去事实相反时，从句用had +过去分词的虚拟语气。根据句中“Ben and Bill had a fight yesterday ”及下文“ before”，可知此处表示和过去事实相反，选项D与题意相符，故选D。14、Pity that I missed the Womens Volleyball Match on Thursday. If only I _ the ticket in advance!AbookedBhad bookedCwould bookDhave booked答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：错过了周四的女排比赛真是太可惜了，要是我早点订票就好了。根据句意可知，这是对过去的虚拟，故应用过去完成时。故选B15、What a pity! The parents could have survived the earthquake, _ to save their child.Ahad they not come backBhave they come backCdid they not come backDdid they come back答案：A解析：考查省略if的条件句。句意：真遗憾!如果不是回来救孩子，这对父母本可以在地震中幸存下来。分析句子可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件句，与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词为had come back，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把had置于句首。从句“if they had not come back”省略if，提前had，句子写成“had they not come back”。故选A项。小提示：if引导的虚拟条件句，当从句的谓语动词含有were，should，had时，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把were，should，had等词置于句首。16、If he _ his teachers suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.Ahad followedBshould followCwas to followDfollowed答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听从了老师的建议，他就会赢得英语演讲比赛了。根据“would have won”可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，故A项正确。小提示：注意在if引导的虚拟条件句中，表示对现在的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be 用were），主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If they didnt take physical exercises every day, they would be so healthy；表示对过去的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，主句谓语形式为should/could/would have+过去分词，如：If you had taken my advice, you wouldnt have failed in the test；表示对将来的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be用were）/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语形式为should/could/would+动词原形，如：If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off。17、Her pale face suggested that she _ ill and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.Abe; should haveBwas; haveCshould be; hadDwas; had答案：B解析：考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：她苍白的脸表明她病了,她的父母建议她去体检。第一个 suggest是“表明，显示”的意思，后面的be动词视整句时态而定，根据主句时态可知用一般过去时。第二个 suggest是“建议”的意思，后接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：( should)+原形动词，should可略。故选B。18、My advice is _ he _ to go abroad for further education.Athat, choosesBthat, choseCthat, chooseDwhat, should choose答案：C解析：考查表语从句和虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是他应该选择出国深造。chooses选择；第一个设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成份，应用只起连接作用的that；在advice后的表语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语构成是“should+动词原形”should可省略，故第二个设空处应为(should) choose。故选C。19、He runs very fast _ he _ a professional athlete.Aeven though; isBeven if; wereCas if; wereDas like; is答案：C解析：考查方式状语从句和虚拟语气。句意：他跑得很快，好像他是一个职业运动员。分析句子可知，句子描述的是他跑的“方式”，“好像”他是一个职业运动员，故句子为方式状语从句，as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”，符合句意，故第一个空填as if。根据句意可知，从句中的内容与现在事实相反，他并不是一个职业运动员，这时从句要用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时，故第二个空填were/was。故选C项。20、I wish I _ football game on TV last night, but I went to a friends birthday party.AwatchedBhad watchedCwould watchDwere watching答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比赛，但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析可知，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气，由时间状语last night可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟，结构为：wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词。故选B项。21、The General commanded that all the soldiers _ the news secret.AkeepBkeptCkeepingDto keep答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：将军命令所有士兵把这个新闻保守秘密。command “命令”，后跟that从句，从句中用should do, should可以省略。故选A。小提示：在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。本小题考查command的用法，句意：将军命令所有士兵把这个新闻保守秘密。command “命令”，后跟that从句，从句中用should do, should可以省略。故选A。22、The villagers are extremely grateful to the workers, without whose help the road to the village_.Acant be builtBmustnt be builtCcouldnt have been builtDmustnt have been built答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：村民们非常感谢工人们，没有他们的帮助，这条通往村庄的道路就不可能被建成。此处without whose引导的定语从句中用虚拟语气，相当于if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，且定语从句的主语the road和build之间是被动关系，故答案为C。23、Im sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I _ the task on schedule.Awould accomplishBcould accomplishCmust have accomplishedDmight have accomplished答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉我没能赶上最后期限，要是有更好的设备，我可能已经按时完成任务了。根据“I failed to meet the deadline.”及“With better equipment”可知，此处表示对过去事情可能性较小的推测，表示“可能已经”，故D项正确。小提示：本题的解题关键在于根据“I failed to meet the deadline.”及“With better equipment”可知，此处表示对过去事情可能性较小的推测，表示“可能已经”，例如：I went to Paris last month, with more money, I might have gone to a further place.上个月我去了巴黎，要是钱够的话，我可能去更远的地方了。24、The director commanded that actions_ to solve the problem.Awere takenBtookCshould takeDbe taken答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：主任命令采取行动解决问题。command“命令”后接宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，主语action与谓语take为被动关系。所以本句为（should）be taken。故选D项。25、_the AI robots _earlier, the production efficiency would have been improved.AWere; inventedBHad; been inventedCHad; inventedDHave; been invented答案：B解析：考查省略if的虚拟语气。句意：如果人工智能机器人早点发明，生产效率就会提高。此处是if引导的非真实条件句，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时态，当if省略时，用部分倒装，将助动词had提到主语的前面。故选B。小提示：If引导的虚拟语气：1).表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2).表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3).表示与将来事实相反从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）特别提示：如果将if省略，则将从句中的be动词were、助动词had/情态动词should/could等提到主语的前面。26、How time flies! I feel junior high school was only yesterday!Aeven ifBunlessCifDas if答案：D解析：考查从属连词和虚拟语气。句意：时光飞逝！我觉得初中生活就像昨天一样。A. even if即使；B. unless除非；C. if如果；D. as if好像。根据“junior high school was only yesterday!”可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，根据句意可知此处表示“好像”，as if从句后常用虚拟语气，故选D。27、Had he taken his parents advice, he _ having made such a silly mistake now.Awould not regretBwould not have regrettedCmay not regretDdoes not regret答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他接受了父母的建议，他现在就不会后悔自己犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误。此处是省略if的虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时态；主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形，故选A。小提示：if引导的虚拟语气从句的三种形式if句又叫条件句，表示“假如”，是状语从句的一种，是一种非常常见的从句形式，用来提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，拥有三种形式。提出将来会发生的事：主句：主语would/should/might/could动词原形；从句：should动词原形/were to动词原形eg. If he should go to Harvard University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上哈佛大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。提出现在的条件： 主句：主语would/should/might/could动词原形；从句：动词过去式eg. If he studied at this school, he would know the enviornment around the school very much.如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。提出过去的未发生的条件：主句：主语would/should/might/could have动词过去分词；从句：had动词过去分词eg. If I had read the book, I would have told you about it.我如果看过本书，我会把内容告诉你了。特别提示：如果把if省略，则将助动词had/should和were提到主语的前面去。比如上句：Had I read the book, I would have told you about it.我如果看过本书，我会把内容告诉你了。28、The WHO urged that all the countries _ measures to prevent COVID-19 spreading.AtakeBmust takeCare to takeDtook答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：世界卫生组织敦促所有国家采取措施防止COVID-19 的蔓延。此处urge“催促，力劝”后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，故选A。小提示：动词urge后面的宾语从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词由“should + 动词原形”构成，且should可以省略。如：He urged that she (should) say sorry to him first.29、- Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I late for the flight yesterday.- Dont mention it.Awill have beenBwould have beenCmust beDcould be答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：“谢谢你提醒我时间，否则昨天我要迟到了。”“不客气。”would+have+done表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。故B选项正确。30、 If I _ my dog run out in the street, it wouldnt have been injured by the car. Dont blame yourself any more. Owning a pet is a tough job.Ahadnt letBdidnt letCwouldnt letDwouldnt have let答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有让我的狗在街上跑，它就不会被汽车撞伤了。别再自责了。养宠物是一项艰巨的工作。根据下文it wouldnt have been injured by the car可知表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去完成时，主语 +would / could / should / might + have + 动词的过去分词”。故选A。小提示：if引导虚拟语气1). 表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“ if+ 主语 + 动词的过去式（ be 动词用 were ），主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。如：If the weather were fine, we would go to Shanghai.如果天气好，我们就去上海。（事实上天气不好）If they had time, they would / could / might go with me.如果他们有时间，他们就会（可能）和我一起去。2). 表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去完成式，主语 +would / could / should / might + have + 动词的过去分词”。如：If I had taken his advice, I shouldnt / wouldnt / couldnt have made such a mistake.如果我按照他的建议去做，我一定不会（不可能）犯这样的错误。3). 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果，其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去式 / should + 动词原形 / were to +动词原形，主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。如：The glass would break if you dropped it.杯子摔下来会打破的。（事实上没有摔下来）If it should rain, the crops would / could / might be saved.假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有可能）会得救。31、_ the separatist forces for Taiwan independence provoke us, force our hands or even cross the red line, we would take resolute measures.ACouldBShouldCMightDWould答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果“台独”分裂势力挑衅逼迫，甚至突破红线，我们都会采取坚决措施。if引导的虚拟条件句，与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should +动词原形，也可将should移到句首并省略if，构成虚拟条件句的倒装结构。故选B。32、They demanded that the right to vote _ to every adult.Awas givenBwas givingCbe givingDbe given答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求给予每个成年人投票权。demand表示“要求”时，所接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分是（should）+动词原形，又由动词give和从句主语the right to vote之间是动宾关系，所以使用被动语态be given。故选D项。33、The manager demanded that the workers the task ahead of schedule.AaccomplishingBaccomplishedCaccomplishDto accomplish答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：经理要求工人们提前完成任务。动词demand意为：要求，其宾语从句的谓语动词由“(should)+动词原形”构成，其中should可省略，故选C项。34、If they had informed us, we _ here now.Awould not comeBwould have comeCwill not comeDmay not come答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。本句属于错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形，故A项正确。小提示：错综条件句是虚拟语气的一大难点，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定，例如本题，句意：如果他们通知我们，我们现在就不会来了。从句与过去事实相反，而“here”表明主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符，所以主句谓语用would /could/should/might(not)+动词原形。35、Im sorry, but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants _and _the project again.Aseated , discuss aboutBwere seated ,discussedCare seated, discussDseats ,are discussing答案：A解析：考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉，但是我宁愿专家和助手都坐下来再次讨论关于这个项目。第一空是虚拟语气，表示对现在愿望相反的假设，应使用一般过去时，即would rather+ sb. +一般过去时，所以用seated；第二空是would r