2016房山区高考英语阅读理解专题选练(1)及答案(暑假).doc

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
How is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows upin a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.
Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one- on- one time with parents. But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later- borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.
A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love- hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.
One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being morefeminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.
1. The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means" ______".　
A. in a different family environment B. in a different family tradition
C. in different family crises D. in different families
2. In terms of language development, later- borns_______ .　
A. get their parents’individual guidance B. learn a lot from their elder siblings
C. experience a lot of difficulties D. pick up words more quickly
3. What was found about fights among siblings?
A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.
B. Siblings in some families fought frequently.
C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.
D. Siblings learned to get on together from fights.
4. The word“feminine” (in Para. 4) means "______".　
A. having qualities of parents B. having qualities of women
C. having defensive qualities D. having extraordinary qualities
【参考答案】1—4、ABDB　

【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Parents all struggle to get children to understand that money doesn’t grow on trees, wanting them to be responsible, work hard and learn to save a few bucks. But these lessons are among the most difficult to teach.
Enter KidZania, an internationally praised and truly unique children’s theme park, that makes life a little easier for parents.
KidZania is not a traditional theme park in almost any sense of the word — there are no roller coasters or merry-go-rounds in sight. There are, however, plenty of attractions and activities that will keep children busy, active, engaged and excited all day.
What makes it so much fun is that it’s a kid-sized city — complete with restaurants, banks, grocery stores and hospitals — where the kids get to be adults, doing the things most of us do on any normal day.
They start by picking one of nearly 100 “careers” and learning about it. Then, they put on their uniform and are ready to work and earn KidZania dollars (“Kidzos”).
Most activities are universal but some are localized to reflect the distinct flavors and personality of the country and region where the park is located and to keep it real for the kids.
Kids get paid for every job they do, which helps them explore the mysteries of managing money. Kidzos in hand, they can spend it or save it. If they run short of money, they’ll have to find a way to earn some.
Each KidZania city is planned in amazing detail, even including real world brands that help sponsor the city and keep it running. I was a little wary of all the popular corporate logos, but the brands weren’t pushed at all. They are there to reinforce the “real city” feeling by mixing it with things kids recognize.
KidZania employs senior citizens who give the park a homey feel and help put children at ease. Management also employs the disabled, whether blind, deaf or wheelchair-bound. Besides making for a more realistic city, this teaches children about those with different abilities and gives them an opportunity to spend time with people they might otherwise have stared at or treated less than kindly.
Socialization is an important part of KidZania, just as it is throughout childhood. The KidZania experience empowers kids, giving them the confidence to be their best selves, and the inspiration to be great global citizens. And it’s part of what makes KidZania such an amazing place for families and children.
59. KidZania is unique in that ________.
A. it has no entertainment facilities     
B. it includes lots of localized activities
C. it offers kids chances to learn through working
D. it employs many seniors and disabled people
60. The underlined word “wary” in Paragraph 8 is similar in meaning to _______
A. astonished                      B. cautious                   C. delighted                  D. conscious
61. Children’s theme park KidZania is set up to ________.
A. prepare them to be good citizens in the future
B. provide them with a place to have a good time
C. make them aware of their parents’ hardship
D. assist them in building a good relationship with parents
62. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Children do part-time jobs at a theme park
B. A theme park pushes kids to be grown-ups
C. KidZania theme park makes adults’ life easier
D. Kids get to ‘be’ adults at KidZania theme park
【参考答案】59. C      60. B      61. A      62. D    

【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Playa la Audiencia, Manzanillo
Playa la Audiencia is one of the most popular beaches in Manzanillo for families and one of the best beach spots along Mexico’s Pacific coast. Playa la Audiencia is a stunning little beach with a golden shoreline which overlooks the bay and offers great conditions for swimming, diving, and other cool water sports such as jet-skiing and kayaking. If you are a diving enthusiast, you’ll definitely love spending time in Playa la Audiencia since its waters are shallow, calm and filled with rocks covered with corals.

Playa Brujas, Mazatlan
Playa Brujas is probably one of the best surfing spots in Mazatlan. Playa Brujas is located 20 minutes’ drive from the heart of Mazatlan and it’s a popular spot among local surfers. If you are a surfer looking to hit some waves along the west coast of Mexico, you’ll find Playa Brujas a very good spot to visit since Brujas possesses satisfactory waves all year round.

North Beach, Isla Mujeres
     North beach is one of the nicest beaches in Isla Mujeres and it’s one of Mexico’s finest beaches in the Yucatan Peninsula. North Beach boasts a nice stretch of beach with white-powdery sand, warm turquoise waters and great diving spots.
The best bit about North Beach besides its private location is that the beach is just minutes away by boat from Cancun, so you’re never too far from Cancun’s tourist attractions such as Wet n’ Wild Paterpark and Xplor Eco Park, where you can enjoy caving adventures and zip-line rides.

Xpu Ha Beach
Xpu Ha Beach is located roughly between Tulum and Playa del Carmen and it is a nice spot for relaxing under the sun, walking and horseback riding. Xpu Ha is located along the stunning Riviera Maya and unlike other beaches along the Mexican Riviera Xpu Ha beach boasts a subtle beach club atmosphere. Xpu Ha Beach isn’t as busy as Mamita’s beach club but it still possesses cool beach clubs, a rental shop and a hotel.

56. If someone has appreciation for caving adventures, he or she should go to ________.
A. North Beach                                               B. Xpu Ha Beach         
C. Wet n’ Wild Paterpark                                D. Playa Brujas
57. The similarity that the four beaches share is that ________.
A. tourists can have some sports                    B. they have clubs
C. the waters are shallow                                D. they have satisfactory wave
58. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Playa Brujas is close to Mazatlan and lies along the east coast of Mexico.
B. North Beach is the finest beach in the Yucatan Peninsula for its private location.
C. Tourists can rent some equipment at Xpu Ha Beach, which is as busy as others.
D. When a couple choose a beach with children, Playa la Audiencia is their best choice.

【参考答案】56. C      57. A      58. D      

【2014高考英语湖北省汉阳市联考试题】
If you live in America in the 21st century you'll probably have to listen to a lot of people tell you how busy they are. It's become the default response when you ask anyone how they are doing: “Busy!” “Crazy busy!”. It is, pretty obviously, a boast disguised as a complaint. And the common response is a kind of congratulation:“ That's a good problem to have, ”or“ Better than the opposite.”
Notice it isn't generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU or commuting by bus to three minimum-wage jobs who tell you how busy they are. What those people are is not busy but tired. Exhausted! Dead on their feet. It's almost always people whose busyness is purely self-imposed work and obligations they've taken on voluntarily, classes and activities they've “encouraged” their kids to participate in. They're busy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety, because they're addicted to busyness and dread that they might have to face in its absence.
Almost everyone I know is busy. They feel anxious and guilty when they aren't either working or doing something to promote their work. It's something they have chosen. Busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance(令人安心的保证），a measure against emptiness, obviously your life cannot possibly be silly or tiny or meaningless if you are so busy, completely booked, in demand every hour of the day.
Idleness is not just a vacation. It is as necessary to the brain as vitamin D is to the body, and deprived of it we suffer a mental affliction as ugly as rickets. The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from life and seeing it whole, for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration.” Idle dreaming is often the essence of what we do”, wrote Thomas Pynchon. Archimedes' “Eureka” in the bath, Newton's apple :history is full of stories of inspirations that come in idle moments.
67. When many Americans say “Crazy busy”, they mean______.
A. they are really tired of their present situation
B. they are really proud of their present life
C. they are complaining about their current work
D. their life are full of all kinds of problems
68. The writer mentions Archimedes'“Eureka” and Newton's apple to show that________.
A. history is full of interesting stories
B. Archimedes and Newton were very busy, so they made great discoveries
C. people may get inspiration when they are idle
D. inspirations come from hard work
69. The word “its” in the second paragraph refers to_________________.
A. ambition B. anxiety C. busyness D. dread
70. From the article, we can infer that ___________________.
A. generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU tell you
they are busy
B. “Dead on their feet” means “being tired out”
C. all the kids are self-imposed due to the drive and motivation
D. The author seems to agree that idleness is better than busyness
【参考答案】67—70、ＢＣＣＢ

【2014高考英语广东省佛山市质测试题】A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My first wife and I only had one child. It might have been nice to have more. I would have liked a son, but we just had Carmen.
I see her as my best friend. I think she always comes to me first if she has a problem. We have the same sense of humour and share many interests, except that she's crazy about animals, obsessed with them-she has always had dogs, cats, and horses in her life.
We were closest when she was about four, which I think is a wonderful age for a child. That's when they need their parents most. But as soon as Carmen went to school, she seemed to grow up and grow apart from her family, and any father finds it difficult with a teenage daughter. She was very moody and had an odd group of friends. There was an endless stream of strange young men coming to our house. I remember once got annoyed with her in front of her friends and she didn't talk to me for days.
I've always wanted the best for her. We sent her to a good school, but she wasn't happy there. She left because she wanted to become an actress, so with my connections I got her into a drama school, but she didn't like that either. She worked for a while doing small roles in films, but she must have found it boring although she never really said why. She got married a few years ago, her husband's a vet. They must be happy because they work together, and she loves animals.
We have the same tastes in books and music. When she was younger, I used to take her to the opera-that's my passion-but she can't have liked it very much because she hasn't come with me for years. I don't think she goes to the cinema or watches TV much. She might watch my films, but I don't know. It's not the kind of thing she talks to me about.
I'm very pleased to have Carmen. She's a good daughter, but I don't think she likes my new wife very much because she doesn't visit us very often. I'm looking forward to being a grandfather one day. I hope she'll have a son.
26. Which is TRUE about the author according to the passage?
A. He is disappointed with his first wife.
B. His daughter treats him as her best friend.
C. He and Carmen don't have much in common.
D. He doesn't seem to be an animal lover.
27. What does the author think of g