人教版2022年高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结.pdf

1 (每日一练每日一练)人教版人教版 20222022 年高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结全面整理年高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结全面整理 单选题 1、What would have happened _,as far as the river bank?Aif Bob has walked fartherBhad Bob walked farther Cif Bob should walk fartherDif Bob walked farther 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果鲍勃走得更远，一直走到河岸，会发生什么事呢？通过主句的谓语动词可以判断出是虚拟语气，主句谓语动词（would have done）是对过去事实的虚拟，所以从句也是对过去的虚拟，采用过去虚拟结构（had done），这里省略了 if，所以 had 提前。故选 B 项。小提示：本句考查 if 对过去事实相反的假设，省略了 if，所以 had 提前。if 在虚拟语气三种情况：(1)对过去事实相反：从句 had done，主句 would/could/might+have done(2)对现在事实相反：从句 did/were，主句would/could/might+do(3)对将来事实相反：从句 should do/were to do/did，主句 would/could/might+do。2、_the AI robots _earlier,the production efficiency would have been improved.AWere;inventedBHad;been invented CHad;inventedDHave;been invented 答案：B 解析：2 考查省略 if 的虚拟语气。句意：如果人工智能机器人早点发明，生产效率就会提高。此处是 if 引导的非真实条件句，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时态，当 if 省略时，用部分倒装，将助动词 had 提到主语的前面。故选 B。小提示：If 引导的虚拟语气：1).表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2).表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3).表示与将来事实相反 从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be 动词用 were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）特别提示：如果将 if 省略，则将从句中的 be 动词 were、助动词 had/情态动词 should/could 等提到主语的前面。3、I didnt see your sister at the party.If she _,she would have met my brother.Ahas comeBdid comeCwouldDhad come 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我在聚会上没看见你妹妹。如果她来了，她就会见到我弟弟了。题干是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以 if 从句中用 had+过去分词。故选 D。3 小提示：if 引导虚拟语气 1).表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去式（be 动词用 were），主语+would/could/might/should+动词原形”。如：If the weather were fine,we would go to Shanghai.如果天气好，我们就去上海。（事实上天气不好）If they had time,they would/could/might go with me.如果他们有时间，他们就会（可能）和我一起去。2).表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去完成式，主语+would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”。如：If I had taken his advice,I shouldnt/wouldnt/couldnt have made such a mistake.如果我按照他的建议去做，我一定不会（不可能）犯这样的错误。3).表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果，其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主语+would/could/might/should+动词原形”。如：The glass would break if you dropped it.杯子摔下来会打破的。（事实上没有摔下来）If it should rain,the crops would/could/might be saved.假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有可能）会得救。4、Im sorry,but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants _and _the project again.Aseated,discuss aboutBwere seated,discussed Care seated,discussDseats,are discussing 答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉，但是我宁愿专家和助手都坐下来再次讨论关于这个项目。第一空是虚拟语气，表示对现在愿望相反的假设，应使用一般过去时，即 would rather+sb.+一般过去时，所以用 seated；第二空是 would rather do sth.，意为“宁愿做某事”，所以用 discuss about。故选 A 项。4 5、Ten days are devoted to this training program and _ it be unsuccessful,it could be repeated later.AshouldBcouldCmightDwould 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们用了 10 天的时间来完成这个训练计划，如果不成功，以后还可以重复。结合后文“it could be repeated later.”可知，此处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句用 would(should,could,might)+动词原形，从句动词用过去式（be 通常用 were）或用 should+动词原形或 were to+动词原形；且而虚拟条件句中，如有 were、should 或 had，可将 if 省略，将 were、should 或 had 提前至句首构成倒装。故选 A。6、-You came second in the running race.Congratulations!-Thanks.But practising more,I _ a different result.Amight getBmay getCmay have gotDmight have got 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：-祝贺你在赛跑中名列第二！-谢谢。但是如果多练习的话，我可能会得到不同的结果。可知，此处是指我（过去）多练习的话，结果就会不同。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，要用情态动词+have done，因此本句要用 might have got。故选 D。7、Had I not got injured last week，I_ the 2019 Yangzhou Jianzhen Half Marathon tomorrow.Awould have runBwould runCwill have runDwill run 答案：B 解析：考查 if 引导的虚拟语气中的时态搭配。句意：如果上周我没有受伤的话，我将能够参加 the 2019 Yangzhou Jianzhen Half Marathon。此处是省略 if 的虚拟语气，从句与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时态，而主句与将来事实相反，用过去将来时态，故选 B。5 小提示：If 引导的虚拟语气：1).表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2).表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3).表示与将来事实相反 从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be 动词用 were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）8、Our teacher recommends that we _ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.AareBshall beCought to beDbe 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：老师建议我们参观博物馆时，要尽可能地专心。根据句子分析可知，recommend 表“建议”，后跟宾语从句，从句中谓语动词应用“(should)+do”，故选 D。9、What a pity!You missed my birthday party.Terribly sorry!_my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.AShouldBWould CHadDDid 6 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：真可惜！你错过了我的生日聚会。非常抱歉！要是我叔叔没有突然来看我，（我就不会错过你的生日聚会了）。根据语境该句补充完整为：_ my uncle not visited unexpectedly,I wouldnt have missed your birthday party.该句表示对过去事情的虚拟，条件句部分应用 had done 形式。在虚拟条件句中，从句中有助动词 had 时，可将 if 省略，had 提前，故 C 选项正确。10、If you my advice,you such a big mistake.Atook;would not make Bhad taken;will not make Chave taken;will not make Dhad taken;would not have made 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了我的劝告，你就不会犯这么大的错误了。根据句意“要是你听取我的意见”可知，句子是对过去发生的假设。在虚拟语气中，对过去事实进行虚拟，主句用would/could/might/should(not)+have done 的形式，从句用 had(not)done 的形式。故选 D。