新目标英语九年级第4单元知识点.doc

课题： I used to be afraid of the dark教学目标：学会运用used to句型谈论自己与他人的过去习惯、爱好及经常做的事情教学重难点：used to及与used相关的词的用法主要知识点：1. use v.& n. 使用，用途 adj useful 有用的useless 无用的 use sth. to do sth . 用某物做某事 Farmers use horses to do the farm work . 农民用马干农活。 used to do sth . 过去常常，过去曾经 I used to sleep in class I didnt use to sleep in class . I usednt to sleep in class . be used to(介词)+ n. / pron. /doing 习惯于 I am used to getting up early . be used to do sth / be used for doing sth 被用来做 The knife is used to cut apples . The knife is used for cutting apples . be used as 被用作 介词as表示“作为”，后常接名词 English is used as a foreign language in China . be used by 被使用 ，介词by后面常接动作的执行者 The car is used by my uncle .例 - How does Jack usually go to school ? - He _ ride a bike ,but now he _ there to lose weight . A .used to ; is used to walk B .was used to ; is used to walking C .was used to ;is used to walk D .used to ;is used to walking解析:根据题意可知，此题考查used to do(过去常常做某事)，be used to doing(习惯做某事)，故此题选D. 而be used to do 意为“被用来做”2. 反意疑问句 肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lily is a student, isnt she? Lily will go to China, wont she? 否定陈述句肯定提问 如：She doesnt e from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isnt she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？注：反意疑问句的答语 如果反意疑问句中的陈述部分为肯定句时，用“Yes+肯定结构”作为肯定回答；用“No+否定结构”作为否定回答 - He enjoys singing , doesnt he? 他喜欢唱歌，是吗？ - Yes, he does. /No, he doesnt. 是的，他喜欢。/不，他不喜欢。 如果反意疑问句中的陈述部分为否定句时，Yes译为“不”，No译为“是” -You didnt go to school ,did you ？ 你没有去上学，是吗？ - Yes, I did . / No, I didnt . 不，我去了。/ 是的，我没去。例：-Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, _ ？ -_ . He got up too late . A .had he; Yes B .hadnt he; Yes C .did he; No D .didnt he; No解析：由nothing可知陈述部分为否定句，故附加疑问部分应用肯定形式，故排除B、D，本句时态为一般过去时，应用助动词did .故选C 3. help v.& n. 帮助 adj. helpful 有帮助的 相关短语及句型：help sb. with sth. 在方面帮助 help oneself to 随便吃 help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难 help sb. (to ) do sth .帮助某人做某事with the help of sb = with sbs help 在的帮助下 4. Whats sb like ? 意为“是什么样的人？” ，多用于提问人的性格、品质等，也可用于提问人的相貌。 - Whats Alice like ? - She is quiet and a little shy . 注：What does sb look like?用来提问人的长相、外貌，意为“.长得什么样？” - What does Tom look like ? - He has short hair .5. enough 副词，意为“足够的；充分的”，用来修饰形容词或副词，一般置于被修饰词之后 He runs quickly enough . 形容词，意为“足够的；充分的”，在句中作定语修饰名词，名词既可放前也可放后 We have enough time to do our homework . adj /adv +enough to do sth 意为“足够可以做某事” The boy is old enough to go to school . 6. It has been + 一段时间 +since + 过去式的陈述句 “自从已经多长时间了”，还可表示为“It is +一段时间+since+从句” It has been four years since I worked in the school . 注：since此处用作连词，意为“自从；自从以来”。主句常用完成时，且动词需用延续性动词。Since后接从句，该从句用一般过去时态。 She has taught English since I came to this school . since 还可用作介词，意为“自从以来”，后接表示时间点的词 He has worked there since 10 years ago .例：My uncle has been taught in this school _ he was twenty years old . A .since B .for C .until D .after解析：since 引导的从句是现在完成时的标志之一。句意为“自从他20岁起，我叔叔就一直在这所学校里教学。” 7. from time to time =sometimes 有时，时常 一般现在时的标志。 8turn 变成 多用于在颜色或性质等方面的变化，强调变化的结果bee 变得，成为 通常指身份、职位的变化，强调变化的过程已完成get 变得 多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调“渐渐变得”，其后常接形容词比较级 The man turned blue with fear . 那个人吓得脸色发青。 She became an English teacher . In winter , the days get shorter . 9. see sb. do sth . 看见某人做了某事 指整个过程即：指动作经常发生或刚刚完成 see sb. doing sth .看见某人正在做某事。 指当时正在进行的动作。 I saw him playing football on the playground . I saw her run into the room .例：When I came into the school , I saw some boys basketball on the playground . A play B . playing C plays D to play 解析：此题考查see sb do sth 和see sb doing sth 的区别，句意为“当我进学校时，我看见一些男孩正在踢足球”，故选B类似用法的单词还有：hear sb. do sth. / hear sb. doing sth .watch sb. do sth . / watch sb doing sth .10. 19-year-old 十九岁的，这是由“数词-名词-形容词”构成的复合形容词，其中间用连字符连接，其中的名词必须用单数。He is an eight-year-old boy . 例：I dont believe that this _ boy can paint such a nice picture . A .five years old B .five-years-old C .five-year-old D .five year old 解析：根据选项直接排除B、D，又因选项A通常作表语，故选C。C选项在句中作定语11. take up doing sth . 开始做某事，学着做某事,从事 His father took up learning English at the age of forty .12. deal with 处理，应付 常与how 连用, 侧重于方式、方法；do with 处理 常与what 连用，侧重于对象。 I dont know how they deal with the problem . I dont know what they do with the problem .例 I dont know how to with this math problem . You can solve it listening carefully in class .A do, by B deal , by C do , in D deal , with 解析：how通常与deal with 搭配，故排除A、C, 介词by意为“通过的方式”，故选B注：在动词不定式短语to deal with 中，必须带宾语 I dont know how to deal with it .13. dare 敢于，胆敢 ，当情态动词时常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。当实意动词时 dare to do sth . 敢于做某事,其中to 时可以省略（尤其是在否定句或疑问句中） We must dare to think ,speak and act .例：How did you dare her about that ? ( tell ) 解析：此题考查dare to do sth , 故填to tell14. imagine v. 想象 imagine doing sth . 类似用法的finish, mind，enjoy ,practice 等15 .whole 形容词，意为“整个的，全部的”，常用结构为“the + whole + 名词单数形式”。all也有此意，但语序不同，all用于冠词、所有格或其他限定词之前；whole用于冠词、所有格及其他限定词之后。 I spent the whole morning/all the morning in bed today . 注：如果没有冠词或其他的限定词，whole不能与单数名词连用 The whole city was burning . whole一般不与不可数名词及物质名词连用。因此我们不能说：the whole money或the whole bread ,而应该说：all the money或all the bread16、tons of意为“大量的；许多的”，后接可数名词复数形式或不可数名词 Theyve got tons of money . I bought tons of apples while they were cheap .17. a number of + 可数名词复数 “许多，大量 = many”做主语时动词为复数。 he number of +可数名词复数 “的数量”做主语时动词为单数。 The number of the books in the library is 3,000 . A number of people have left early . 例：In our school library there _ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and larger . A .are; is B .is; are C .have; are D .have; is 解析：“a number of +复数名词”意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of+复数名词/代词”意为“的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，故选A18. no more=not any more 不再一般指动作或行为不再重复或发生。 no longer=notany longer 不再指情况或状态不再存在或延续。 I am not young any longer . Sorry, I wont do that any more . 19. require v. 需要，要求 通常不用于进行时，常用句型为; require sb. to do sth . 要求某人做某事 They required me to keep silent . 20. lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的 ，用作表语或定语。 alone adj. & adv. 单独，独自 当形容词讲时 只能作表语。 The old man lives alone , but he doesnt feel lonely . Her parents were not at home ,and she was alone . 例：Though he is _ at home, he doesnt feel _ for he has many things to do A .alone; lonely B .lonely; alone C .alone; alone D .lonely; lonely 解析：句意：虽然他独自在家，但是他并不感到孤独，因为他有很多事要做。 alone意为“单独的” lonely意为“孤独的”,故选A21. advise v. 建议 n. advice give sb. some advice 给某人提建议 advise sb. to do sth . 建议某人做某事advise doing sth . 建议做某事The boss advised him to leave as soon as possible .He advised leaving early . 例：The teacher advised us more reading . (do) 解析：此题考查advise sb to do sth(建议某人做某事)，故填to do22. fail v. 失败,不及格 n. failure I failed in the math exam . 我这次数学考试没及格。 常用结构：fail to do sth, 未能做某事 He failed to meet his teacher in Shanghai . 23. seldom 频度副词，“不常，很少” 表示否定含义。在句中用于连系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实意动词之前。 He seldom eats breakfast . 例：He is seldom absent , he ? A isnt B is C doesnt D does 解析：此题考查反意疑问句。此句陈述部分含有表否定意义的词，故附加疑问部分应用肯定形式，故选B24. influence v.& n. 影响 influence on sb. / sth . 对某人/ 某物的影响 常用结构：have a great / good /bad influence on sb.对某人有很大/ 好/ 坏的影响 These friends of hers have a bad influence on her . 25. think of 考虑 ， 想到 think about 仔细考虑 What do you think of ？ 你觉得怎么样？ = How do you like ？用来征求对方意见。 26.in the last / past + 一段时间 “在过去的里”用于现在完成时。 I have learned a lot in the last few years . Great changes have taken place in the village in the last few years .例：My life a lot in the last ten years .A change B changed C has changed D have changed 解析：句中有in the last ten years ,故用现在完成时，故选C27 introduce v.介绍n. introduction 常用结构：introduce oneself 自我介绍 introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 The headteacher introduced the new teacher to us . 28. remain v. 剩余， 留下 ， 依然，保持， 当“依然， 保持”讲时是半系动词。How can we remain silent on this question ? 练习题：1. He go out with his parents , but now he staying at home alone . A used to , is used to B is used to , used to . C use to , is used to 2. he to get up early ? Why does he get up late now ？ A Does , use B Did , use C Did , used D Does , used 3. Im used to a sweater and jeans , but I didnt use to . A wear B wore C wearing D be wearing 4、Maria has few friends in China, _?A. has sheB. doesnt sheC. does she5、I dont like fruit or vegetables. I_ eat them.But theyre good for your health.A. always B. seldom C. often6、There is river in my hometown.A. two-metre-deep B .a two-metre-deepC. two metres deep D. a two metres deep7、Phelps mother him when he won 8 Olympic gold medals in Beijing. A. made a decision B. took pride in C. paid attention to D. was interested in8、When I went into the hall, I saw a little girl _ up and down. A. to jumpB. jumpingC. jumpedD. jumps9、 You seem to know much about the city. Thats true. I it five times in the past two months. A. visitedB. am visiting C. have visitedD. will visit按要求转换句型 1. Did he use to be short ？（做肯定回答） ， 。 2. She used to be afraid of exams . （改为否定句） 3. I used to wear glasses . （改为一般疑问句） ？ 4. They used to dislike math . （改为反义疑问句） They used to dislike math ， ？ 5. Mr. Smith used to sleep in his office . （对划线部分提问） Mr. Smith to sleep补全下列反意疑问句 1. They often watch TV, _?2. She doesnt have any brothers, _?3. Jenny has bought a new hat, _?4. My brother finished his homework, _?5. We arent having an English class now, _?参考答案1-5 ABCCB 6-9 B B B C按要求转换句型1、Yes, he did2、She didnt use to be afraid of exams .3、Did you use to be wear glasses .4、didnt they5、Where did use补全下列反意疑问句 1、1. dont they 2. does she 3. hasnt she 4. didnt he 5. are we