物流英语之：仓储.ppt

Warehousing managementPrivate WarehouseA private warehouse is operated by the firm owning the product.The actual facility,however,may be owned or leased.Often it is not possible to find a warehouse for lease that fits the exact requirements of a firm.The benefits of Private WarehouseThe major benefits of private warehousing include control,flexibility,cost,and other intangible benefits.(1)Private warehouses provide more control since the enterprise has absolute decision-making authority over all activities and priorities in the facility.Drawbacks of private warehouse(1)When management performance is judged according to return on investment(ROI),the use of private warehousing needs high and steady demand volumes(2)high fixed costPublic WarehouseOn the basis of the range of specialized operations performed,public warehouses are classified as(1)general merchandise warehouse,(2)refrigerated warehouse,(3)special commodity warehouse,(4)bonded warehouse,and(5)household goods and furniture warehouse.Public WarehouseGeneral merchandise warehouse is designed to handIe general package commodities such as paper,metal material,and mechanical and electrical products.Refrigerated warehouse(either frozen or chilled)handles and maintains food,medical items,and chemical products with special temperature requirements.Special commodity warehouse is designed to handle bulk material or items with special handling considerations,such as tires or clothing.Public WarehouseBonded warehouse is licensed by the government to store goods prior to payment of taxes or duties.Finally,a household goods or furniture warehouse is designed to handle and store large,bulky items such as appliances and furniture.The benefits of Public Warehouse(1)From a financial perspective,public warehousing may have a lower variable cost than comparable privately operated facilities.(2)When management performance is judged according to return on investment(ROI),the use of public warehousing can substantially increase enterprise return.(3)Public warehousing offers flexibility in that it is easy to change the location,size,and number of facilities,allowing a firm to quickly respond to supplier,customer,and seasonal demands.Contract WarehouseContract warehousing combines the best characteristics of both private and public operations.(1)Contract warehouse operations can provide benefits of expertise,flexibility,and economies of scale by sharing management,labor,equipment,and information resources across a number of clients.Contract Warehouse(2)Contract warehouse operators are also expanding the scope of their services to include other logistics activities such as transportation,inventory control,order processing,customer service,and returns processing.2 Distribution CenterDC ActivitiesReceivingPut awayStorageOrder SelectionCheckingPacking and MarkingStaging and Order ConsolidationShippingReplenishmentClerical and AdministrativeReceiving:Physically accepting material,unloading that material from inbound transportation mode,verifying quantity and condition of the material and documenting this information as required.Put away:Removing the material from the receiving dock(or other location of receipt),transporting the material to a storage area,recording this movement,and identifying where the material has been.Storage:The retention of products for future use or shipment.Order Selection:Selecting or picking the required quantity of specific products for movement to a packing area usually in response to one or more shipping orders and documenting that the material was moved Checking:Verifying and documenting order selection in terms of product number and quantity.In some cases,this activity includes the verification of product condition or quality.Packing and Marking:Packing or unitizing one or more items of an order into an appropriate container and marking and labeling the container with customer shipping destination data as well as other information that may be required.Staging and Consolidation:Physically moving material,usually on an order by order basis,from the packing area to a staging area based on a particular outbound vehicle or delivery route,often for shipment consolidation purposes.Shipping:Loading an outbound vehicle with material from the staging area and completing the documentation associated with the movement.Replenishment:Relocating material from a bulk storage area to an order-pick area and documenting this relocation.Clerical and Administrative:Several related activities necessary for the warehouse operations,such as updating inventory files,maintaining labor and equipment records,cycle counting,etc.Warehouse Layout Objectives1.Use space efficiently2.Allow for the most efficient material handling3.Provide the most economical storageoCost of equipment Built out vs build upoUse of space Space devoted to aisles vs space devoted to storageoDamage to materialoHandling labor Labor-intensive vs mechanization vs automation oOperational efficiency Picker-to-part vs part-to-picker 4.Provide maximum flexibility,in order to meet changing storage and handling requirements5.Make the warehouse a model of good housekeepingOn a tour,you see thebut you do not see the We try now to show you the Trade-offsBuilt out vs build up（Cost of equipment）Build outlocation where land is expensiveBuild up a higher warehouse needs special equipment such as high-stacking truck,which generally cost more than the conventional equipment.Trade-offsLabor-intensive vs mechanization vs automation （Handling labor）Labor-intensivelabor cost continues to increaseMechanization refers to equipment rather than replace manual workTure automationan absence of human intervention,such as AGVs(automatic guilded vehicles)Trade-offsSpace devoted to aisles vs space devoted to storage （Use of space）Space devoted to aisles reduce the chances of accidents and product damage,but they increase the travel distances within a facility.Trade-offsSpace devoted to storagenarrower aisles can increase the space utilization of a facility but often require special equipment,such as a narrow-aisle lift truck to do so.Trade-offsPicker-to-part vs part-to-picker （Operational efficiency）Picker-to-part an order picker gets to where a part is located,with forklift or other vehicle.Part-to-picker the parts are brought to the picker with carousels or conveyor.此课件下载可自行编辑修改，此课件供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，此课件供参考！部分内容来源于网络，如有侵权请与我联系删除！部分内容来源于网络，如有侵权请与我联系删除！