防爆除尘原理介绍.ppt

Copyright 2006 All Rights Reserved Dust explosion protection for filters Dust explosion protection for filters methods,requirements and methods,requirements and mistakesmistakes 过滤器粉尘防爆保护过滤器粉尘防爆保护过滤器粉尘防爆保护过滤器粉尘防爆保护-方法，要求及误区方法，要求及误区方法，要求及误区方法，要求及误区 Presentation简介简介1 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedDust Explosion Protection ReasonsDust Explosion Protection Reasons粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护-原因原因原因原因Dust Explosion Protection LegislationDust Explosion Protection Legislation粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护-法规法规法规法规Dust Explosion Protection MethodsDust Explosion Protection Methods粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护-方法方法方法方法Dust Explosion Protection ExamplesDust Explosion Protection Examples粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护-举例举例举例举例Questions and AnswersQuestions and Answers问题与答案问题与答案问题与答案问题与答案Program程序程序2 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedDust Explosion Protection ReasonsDust Explosion Protection Reasons粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护粉尘防爆保护-原因原因原因原因 Why we need it?Why we need it?我们为什么要做防爆保护？我们为什么要做防爆保护？我们为什么要做防爆保护？我们为什么要做防爆保护？Why is it so important?Why is it so important?为什么防爆保护如此重要？为什么防爆保护如此重要？为什么防爆保护如此重要？为什么防爆保护如此重要？Why should we solve it with delivery?Why should we solve it with delivery?为什么我们要在交付时就解决这个问题？为什么我们要在交付时就解决这个问题？为什么我们要在交付时就解决这个问题？为什么我们要在交付时就解决这个问题？Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons3 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedWheat Silo Kansas,USA,8.6.98美国小麦仓储，美国小麦仓储，98年年6月月8日日Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Silo being prepared for harvest Silo being prepared for harvest 储仓是为收获做准备储仓是为收获做准备储仓是为收获做准备储仓是为收获做准备 Cleaning(wheat dust)Cleaning(wheat dust)清洁（小麦粉尘）清洁（小麦粉尘）Failure(mechanical parts in elevator hot surface)Failure(mechanical parts in elevator hot surface)爆炸源（电梯的机械部件爆炸源（电梯的机械部件-热表面）热表面）First explosion in central part(elevator)of the buildingFirst explosion in central part(elevator)of the building首先在大楼的中心部位（电梯）发生爆炸首先在大楼的中心部位（电梯）发生爆炸首先在大楼的中心部位（电梯）发生爆炸首先在大楼的中心部位（电梯）发生爆炸 Elevator damagedElevator damaged电梯损坏电梯损坏 Explosion propagates outside(secondary explosions)Explosion propagates outside(secondary explosions)爆炸向外传播（二次爆炸）爆炸向外传播（二次爆炸）Consequences Consequences 后果后果后果后果 Several fatal injuriesSeveral fatal injuries几个人受伤致命几个人受伤致命 Destroyed buildingDestroyed building大楼被毁大楼被毁Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons4 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedWheat Silo Kansas,USA,8.6.98Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons5 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedPower Station Otrokovice,CZ,9.9.03发电站，奥特罗科维采发电站，奥特罗科维采（捷克共和国的一个小镇）（捷克共和国的一个小镇），03年年9月月9日日 Belt conveyors started after 3 week breakBelt conveyors started after 3 week break皮带传动损坏皮带传动损坏皮带传动损坏皮带传动损坏3 3周后重新启动周后重新启动周后重新启动周后重新启动 Cleaning and brake(dry fine coal dust)Cleaning and brake(dry fine coal dust)清洗和制动（干细煤尘）清洗和制动（干细煤尘）Service(welding hot particles)Service(welding hot particles)现场维修（焊接现场维修（焊接-焊渣）焊渣）First explosion in tension part of belt conveyor First explosion in tension part of belt conveyor首先拉紧的皮带传动部分发生爆炸首先拉紧的皮带传动部分发生爆炸首先拉紧的皮带传动部分发生爆炸首先拉紧的皮带传动部分发生爆炸 Two of three explosions followedTwo of three explosions followed接着又发生了二次爆炸接着又发生了二次爆炸 Consequences Consequences 后果后果后果后果 Tunnel and building damageTunnel and building damage隧道和建筑物被毁隧道和建筑物被毁Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons6 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedPower Station Otrokovice,CZ,9.9.03Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons7 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedWood factory Slovakia,28.2.08木加工厂，斯洛伐克木加工厂，斯洛伐克 08年年2月月28日日Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Grinding line Grinding line 磨削作业磨削作业磨削作业磨削作业 Dry and fine wood dustDry and fine wood dust干细的木质粉尘干细的木质粉尘 Failure(iron piece in the wood board)Failure(iron piece in the wood board)故障源（木板上有铁件）故障源（木板上有铁件）First explosion in the line First explosion in the line 作业线上发生首次爆炸作业线上发生首次爆炸作业线上发生首次爆炸作业线上发生首次爆炸 Secondary explosion and fire followedSecondary explosion and fire followed接着发生二次爆炸以及火灾接着发生二次爆炸以及火灾Consequences Consequences 后果后果后果后果 Destroyed building for grinding(2 mil.)Destroyed building for grinding(2 mil.)磨削工厂被毁（两百万欧）磨削工厂被毁（两百万欧）Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons8 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedWood factory Slovakia,28.2.08Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons9 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedSugar Plant Georgia,USA 8.2.08糖加工厂糖加工厂-美国乔治亚州，美国乔治亚州，08年年2月月3日日Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Explosion followed by fire Explosion followed by fire 爆炸后起火爆炸后起火爆炸后起火爆炸后起火 Sugar Sugar 糖糖 First explosion in expedition sugar bin First explosion in expedition sugar bin首次爆炸发生在糖储罐内首次爆炸发生在糖储罐内首次爆炸发生在糖储罐内首次爆炸发生在糖储罐内 Secondary explosions followedSecondary explosions followed接着发生二次爆炸接着发生二次爆炸Consequences Consequences 后果后果后果后果 6 fatal injuries,over 100 injured6 fatal injuries,over 100 injured6 6个人致命，超过个人致命，超过100100人受伤人受伤 Destroyed plantDestroyed plant厂房被毁厂房被毁Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons10 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedSugar Plant Georgia,USA 8.2.08Why we need it?Why we need it?Why is it so Why is it so important?important?Why should we solve Why should we solve it with delivery?it with delivery?Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons11 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedDust Explosion Protection Reasons粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护-原因原因 We must eliminate hazard for individuals We must eliminate hazard for individuals我们必须降低风险我们必须降低风险我们必须降低风险我们必须降低风险 We must avoid damages(time and money loss)We must avoid damages(time and money loss)我们必须避免伤害（时间与财产损失）我们必须避免伤害（时间与财产损失）我们必须避免伤害（时间与财产损失）我们必须避免伤害（时间与财产损失）We must solve it We must solve it in in delivery(than could be late)delivery(than could be late)我们必须在系统交付时就解决这个问题（否则为时太我们必须在系统交付时就解决这个问题（否则为时太我们必须在系统交付时就解决这个问题（否则为时太我们必须在系统交付时就解决这个问题（否则为时太晚）晚）晚）晚）Dust Explosion Protection-Reasons12 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedDust Explosion Protection LegislationDust Explosion Protection Legislation粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护-法规法规法规法规 What are key ATEX directives?What are key ATEX directives?主要的主要的主要的主要的ATEXATEX指令？指令？指令？指令？What else except ATEX directives?What else except ATEX directives?除了除了除了除了ATEXATEX指令还有什么？指令还有什么？指令还有什么？指令还有什么？Why are standards so important?Why are standards so important?为什么标准如此重要？为什么标准如此重要？为什么标准如此重要？为什么标准如此重要？Dust Explosion Protection-Legislation13 Copyright 2006 All Rights Reserved European directive 99/92/EC(ATEX 137)European directive 99/92/EC(ATEX 137)欧洲指令标准欧洲指令标准欧洲指令标准欧洲指令标准99/92/EC99/92/EC（ATEX 137ATEX 137）The goal is to ensure the same minimal safety level for employees across the The goal is to ensure the same minimal safety level for employees across the EU membersEU members目标是为了保证欧盟成员国的雇员相同的最低安全水平目标是为了保证欧盟成员国的雇员相同的最低安全水平 Defines requirements for employersDefines requirements for employers定义雇主要求定义雇主要求 They must improve health and safety protection of workersThey must improve health and safety protection of workers提高工人的健康和安全保护提高工人的健康和安全保护 EPD(risk assessment,zone classification,prevention and protection measures,EPD(risk assessment,zone classification,prevention and protection measures,in written form)in written form)EPDEPD（以书面形式定义风险预测，区域分类，预防及保护措施）（以书面形式定义风险预测，区域分类，预防及保护措施）Legislation key ATEX directives法规法规-关键的关键的ATEX指令指令European directive 94/9/EC(ATEX 100)European directive 94/9/EC(ATEX 100)欧洲指令标准欧洲指令标准欧洲指令标准欧洲指令标准94/9/EC94/9/EC（ATEX 100ATEX 100）The goal is to ensure the same minimal safety level of products intended for The goal is to ensure the same minimal safety level of products intended for use in explosion atmosphereuse in explosion atmosphere目标是为了保证易爆环境使用的产品保持相同的最低安全水平目标是为了保证易爆环境使用的产品保持相同的最低安全水平 Defines requirements for manufacturers Defines requirements for manufacturers 定义制造商要求定义制造商要求 They must classify the product into the categoriesThey must classify the product into the categories必须按照指定类别分类必须按照指定类别分类 They must follow the procedure for assessing the conformityThey must follow the procedure for assessing the conformity必须遵循评估程序必须遵循评估程序 Deliver product with EC Declaration of conformity and properly markedDeliver product with EC Declaration of conformity and properly marked提供符合提供符合ECEC符合声明的产品并适当标注符合声明的产品并适当标注What are key ATEX What are key ATEX directives?directives?What else except What else except ATEX directives?ATEX directives?Why are standards Why are standards so important?so important?Dust Explosion Protection-Legislation14 Copyright 2006 All Rights Reserved ATEX 100 is required since 7/2003ATEX 100 is required since 7/2003 There were no EU standards at that timeThere were no EU standards at that time 从从从从20032003年年年年7 7月开始使用月开始使用月开始使用月开始使用ATEX100ATEX100，当时没有欧盟标准，当时没有欧盟标准，当时没有欧盟标准，当时没有欧盟标准 EN 14797 for venting(membranes)is valid since 200EN 14797 for venting(membranes)is valid since 2006 6 EN 14373 for suppression is valid since 2005EN 14373 for suppression is valid since 2005 EN for isolation is not valid yet(prEN 15089)EN for isolation is not valid yet(prEN 15089)What is the consequence?What is the consequence?结果是什么？结果是什么？结果是什么？结果是什么？Certification according to ATEX is required since 2003Certification according to ATEX is required since 2003 There were no NEW standards,so the certification was made according to OLD There were no NEW standards,so the certification was made according to OLD standards but producers have got the ATEX certificatesstandards but producers have got the ATEX certificates As the EC certificates have had no time limit in validity the protective systems As the EC certificates have had no time limit in validity the protective systems can be applied until the manufacturer changes the designcan be applied until the manufacturer changes the design What is new in EU standards?What is new in EU standards?欧盟新标准？欧盟新标准？欧盟新标准？欧盟新标准？Efficiency testsEfficiency tests Many time and money consuming tests without certainty that it successfully passMany time and money consuming tests without certainty that it successfully pass Can be protective systems with ATEX“certification without any other Can be protective systems with ATEX“certification without any other information applied?information applied?没有其他信息适用的情况下保护系统是否可以带没有其他信息适用的情况下保护系统是否可以带没有其他信息适用的情况下保护系统是否可以带没有其他信息适用的情况下保护系统是否可以带ATEXATEX标志？标志？标志？标志？NO it says nothing about present required legislationNO it says nothing about present required legislation FIRST we have to check the standards they are approved according toFIRST we have to check the standards they are approved according toEU Standards for Protective Systems保护系统的欧盟标准保护系统的欧盟标准What are key ATEX What are key ATEX directives?directives?What else except What else except ATEX directives?ATEX directives?Why are standards Why are standards so important?so important?Dust Explosion Protection-Legislation15 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedDust Explosion Protection Legislation粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护-法规法规 There are two the most important ATEX directives There are two the most important ATEX directives(ATEX 100 and ATEX 137)(ATEX 100 and ATEX 137)有两项非常重要的有两项非常重要的有两项非常重要的有两项非常重要的ATEXATEX指令（指令（指令（指令（ATEX100ATEX100和和和和ATEX137ATEX137）The text ATEX“in EC certificate number is not The text ATEX“in EC certificate number is not sufficient sufficient ATEXATEX标志在标志在标志在标志在ECEC认证标示中是不够的认证标示中是不够的认证标示中是不够的认证标示中是不够的 The standards according which the protective The standards according which the protective systems are certified must be check too systems are certified must be check too Dust Explosion Protection-Legislation16 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedDust Explosion Protection MethodsDust Explosion Protection Methods粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护粉尘爆炸保护-方法方法方法方法 Pressure resistancePressure resistance耐压耐压耐压耐压 VentingVenting泄压泄压泄压泄压 SuppressionSuppression抑制抑制抑制抑制 IsolationIsolation隔离隔离隔离隔离 Combination(anything with isolation)Combination(anything with isolation)组合方法（上述任意一个与隔离装置组合）组合方法（上述任意一个与隔离装置组合）组合方法（上述任意一个与隔离装置组合）组合方法（上述任意一个与隔离装置组合）Dust Explosion Protection-Methods17 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedPressure resistant vessels耐压容器耐压容器 Pressure resistant vessels for PPressure resistant vessels for PMAXMAX耐压容器耐压容器耐压容器耐压容器P PMAXMAX According to dust with highest PAccording to dust with highest PMAXMAX in vessel in vessel 根据容器中粉尘的最高压力制造根据容器中粉尘的最高压力制造 Pressure resistance is above PPressure resistance is above PMAXMAX可承受压力高于可承受压力高于P PMAXMAX Without plastic deformationWithout plastic deformation无塑性变形无塑性变形 Pressure shock resistant vessels for PPressure shock resistant vessels for PMAXMAX抗冲击压力容器抗冲击压力容器抗冲击压力容器抗冲击压力容器P PMAXMAX Plastic deformation is allowedPlastic deformation is allowed 允许塑性变形允许塑性变形 Pressure shock resistant vessels for PPressure shock resistant vessels for PREDMAXREDMAX抗冲击压力容器抗冲击压力容器抗冲击压力容器抗冲击压力容器P PREDMAXREDMAX When protective systems are used When protective systems are used 当使用保护系统当使用保护系统 Pressure resistance is above PPressure resistance is above PREDMAXREDMAX压力耐受高于压力耐受高于P PMAXMAX Plastic deformation is allowedPlastic deformation is allowed允许塑性变形允许塑性变形Dust Explosion Protection-Methods18 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedPressure shock resistant vessel show抗冲击压力容器抗冲击压力容器Pressure resistant Pressure resistant vessels for Pvessels for PMAXMAXPressure shock Pressure shock resistant vessels resistant vessels for Pfor PMAXMAXPressure shock Pressure shock resistant vessels resistant vessels for Pfor PREDMAXREDMAXDust Explosion Protection-Methods19 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedExplosion venting爆炸泄压装置爆炸泄压装置Explosion passes without any intervention 爆炸没有任何阻挡的泄出爆炸没有任何阻挡的泄出The area large enough opens by pressure in the vessel容器上要有足够大的开口释放压力容器上要有足够大的开口释放压力Flame,pressure,burned and unburned mixture is released out of the vessel火焰，压力以及燃烧混合物从容器中释放出来火焰，压力以及燃烧混合物从容器中释放出来PREDMAX is below the pressure resistance of the vessel PREDMAX低于容器的耐压力低于容器的耐压力Bursting membranes,valves,flaps,etc.爆破膜，阀门，翻板阀等爆破膜，阀门，翻板阀等They are not intended to be used in indoor applications 这些装置不适用于室内安装这些装置不适用于室内安装Used in combination with isolation与隔离阀组合使用与隔离阀组合使用Dust Explosion Protection-Methods20 Copyright 2006 All Rights ReservedExplosion suppression爆炸抑制爆炸抑制Explosion is extinguished爆炸被提前抑制爆炸被提前抑制The explosion is detected at beginning and the extinguishing agent is injected into the protected vessel爆炸从一开始就能检测到，灭火器就会向保护爆炸从一开始就能检测到，灭火器就会向保护容器内喷灭火剂容器内喷灭火剂PREDMAX is below the pressure resistance of the vesselPREDMAX低于容器的耐压力低于容器的耐压力Explosion suppression system consists of control unit,detector(pressure or flame)and action elements爆炸抑制系统包括控制单元，检测装置（压力爆炸抑制系统包括控制单元，检测装置（压力或火苗）及执行元件或火苗）及执行元件Dust Explosion Protection-Methods21 Copyright 20