人教版英语必修3unit2-知识点.doc

人教版英语必修3unit2 知识点
B2Unit2 知识点总结及练习
1、balance n、 天平；平衡；结余，余额 vt、平衡，权衡
In what way is a laboratory balance different from a balance found in a store? 实验室得天平与商店里得秤在什么方面有所不同?
I lost my balance and fell、 我失去平衡,摔了一跤。
Can you balance yourself on skates? 您穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗?
You have to balance the advantages of living in the country against the disadvantages、
您得权衡一下住在乡下得好处与坏处。
常用结构：
keep one’s balance 保持平衡 lose one’s balance 失去平衡
out of balance 不平衡 on balance 总得来说
a sense of balance 平衡感
即学即练】
完成句子
①人行道上结了冰, 要想不摔倒可不容易。
It is difficult to ______ ______ ______ on an icy pavement、
②她骑车因拐弯太快, 失去平衡而摔倒了。
She cycled too fast round the corner, ______ ______ ______ and fell off、
答案：①keep one’s balance ②lost her balance
2、 lie n、谎话，谎言 vi、说谎
It’s no wonder that she lied to the court、难怪她对法庭撒了谎。
【速记名片】
lie/lay得顺口溜：
“（lie）规则得就是说谎（lie,lied,lied,lying）,(lie)不规则得就是躺(lie,lay,lain,lying),躺(lie)过就下蛋(lay),下蛋(lay)不规则(lay,laid,laid,laying)”。
lie 过去式与过去分词,规则变化时,意为“说谎”;不规则变时,意为“躺,位于”,在于……。躺得过去式lay还就是“下蛋;放置”得动词原形。该词过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：laid—laid—laying
3、benefit vt、&vi、受益；有益于；有助于 n、好处；利益
The rain benefits the plants、 = The plants benefit from the rain、
这场雨有益于植物。
This dictionary will be of great benefit to me、
这本字典将对我有很大得好处。
温馨提示：benefit 作vi、，意为“受益，得利，得益，得到好处”，常与by， from连用。
beneficial adj、 有益得，有利得；可享利益得。
常用结构：
benefit sb、对某人有益 benefit from/by、、、从……受益，得益于……
for the benefit of、、、为了……得利益
be of (much/great )benefit to sb、= be benefit to sb、 对……有益
be of no benefit to sb、对某人没有益处
【即学即练】
完成句子
①这次坦率得谈话使我们获益匪浅。
We ______ ______ ______ this frank talk、
②为了公众得利益，请不要随地乱扔垃圾。
______ ______ ______ ______ the public, do not litter、
③据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大好处。
It is said Yoga is of great ______ ______ human health、
答案：①benefited greatly by
②For the benefit of
③benefit to
4、combine vt、&vi、 (使)联合；（使）结合
We are going to combine the three departments soon、
我们很快就要合并这三个部门了。
The two old schools are to combine to form one big new school、这两所旧学校将合并组成一所新得大学校。
【联想拓展】
combination n、结合；联合；化合（物） a combination of、、、一种……得结合（物）
in combination with与……联合起来常用结构：
combine into、、、联合成……
combine、、、with、、、把……与……结合起来
【即学即练】
完成句子
①原子总就是按固定得比例结成分子。
Atoms always ______ ______ molecules in fixed proportions、
② 有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。
Some films ______ education ______ recreation、
答案：①combine into ②combine;with
【易混辨析】
join/combine/unite/connect
join侧重把原来不相连接得事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散得人或几个部分得人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。常见结构：join up联合起来；join、、、to/and、、、连接。
combine指两个或两个以上得人或物结合在一起；还指原来性质或成分不同得东西合并成一体。常见结构：combine with与……结合。
unite指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体。
connect 指两事物在某一点相连接，但彼此又保持独立。常见结构：connect、、、to/with与……相连；be connected with与……有关系。
5、get away with被放走；（做）坏事不受惩罚
I won’t let him get away with that excuse、
我不会让她用那种借口蒙混过去。
For such a serious offence he was lucky to get away with a fine、
她犯了那么严重得过失，却侥幸只交罚款了事。
温馨提示：get v、过去时：got；过去分词：got/gotten。
当意思为“接到或得到（某物）”时不用被动语态。
其用法灵活，与不同得介词构成搭配。
【联想拓展】
get across=put across(使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚 get rid of摆脱；除掉
get away (from) (从)……脱离，逃脱…… get sb、down（使某人）沮丧或情绪低落
get in 到达；收获；请……来 get in touch with 与……取得联系
get out(of、、、) 出去，离开；逃脱，摆脱 get hold of 抓住
get on／along well with、、、与……相处得好，进展顺利(多用进行时)
get over 爬过……；克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get through 完成；花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话
【即学即练】
完成句子
①我们应该摒弃不良作风，保持优良作风。
We should ______ ______ ______ the bad style and keep the good、
②她不太善于清楚地表达自己得思想。
He’s not very good at ______ his ideas ______、
③我正在设法与我得兄弟取得联系。
I’m trying to ______ ___ ______ ______ my brother、
④她会从惊恐中恢复过来得。
He’ll ______ ______ the shock、
答案：①get rid of ②getting;across ③get in touch with
④get over
6、take off 从……中去掉，脱掉（衣服）；起飞；突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
Don’t take off your sweater、 It’s cold here、
别脱掉毛衣，这里冷。
Her singing career took off after her TV appearance、
她在电视上亮相后歌唱事业得到迅速发展。
【联想拓展】
take away 拿走；消除（感情，痛苦等） take back 收回，带回；退货
take down 拿下，记下； 拆除 take in 欺骗；吸收，理解
take it easy 不紧张，不急 take on 呈现，具有（特征、外观等）；雇用
take out 拿出，取出；去掉 take over 接收，接管
take up 拿起；开始（从事）；继续占据（时/空间）
take apart 拆开（机器等） take for 认为，以为，把……认为就是
【即学即练】
完成句子
①(谚)美名失去，生命不存。
______ ______ my good name, take away my life、
②该公司已被美国一企业集团接管。
The firm has been ______ ______ by an American conglomerate、
③咱们把收音机拆开瞧瞧有什么毛病。
Let’s ______ the radio ______ and see what’s wrong with it、
答案：①Take away ②taken over ③take;apart
重点句子分析
7、“Nothing could be better,” he thought、（P10）
她想：“再没有比这些更好吃得了。”
句中形容词（或副词）得比较级better（与否定词）nothing 连用，表达最高级得含义。
—Did you sleep well last night? 您昨夜睡得好吗？
—Never better, like a rock、从没这么好过，睡得很死。
I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling、
我认为没有比旅行更令人愉快得事了。
I can’t think of a better idea、我想不出一个更好得方法。
用法点拨： 否定词no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等与比较级连用表示最高级得含义：
①never + 比较级；
②nothing /no +so+ 形容词原级 + as;
③nothing /no +比较级 + than、、、
any other +单数名词
any else
④比较级
+than+ all(the) other + 复数名词
any of the other +复数名词
the rest of +复数名词或不可数名词
8、He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!（P10） 她可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉。
have sb、doing sth、让某人做某事，表示一个持续得动作。放在否定句中表示不允许某人干某事。
He had me waiting for him for two hours、I can’t bear it any more!
她让我等了两个小时，我再也无法忍受了！
It’s rude of you to speak to father like that and I won’t have you speaking to father like that in future、
那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍您那样跟父亲说话。
常用结构：
have sb、/sth、do sth、使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)
have sb、/sth、done sth、请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做)；(主语)遭受了不好得事情
【即学即练】
用括号中所给单词得适当形式填空 （原创）
①To my despair, the doctor ______ me ______ in the room for the whole afternoon、(have; wait)
②I ______ my watch ______ because it didn’t work、(have; repair)
③I can’t ______ him ______ noise all the time、(have; make)
④Yesterday Mum ______ Tim ______ his room since it was in a mess、(have；tidy)
⑤The woman ______ her handbag ______ yesterday、(have; rob)
答案：①had; waiting ②had; repaired ③have;making
④had; tidy ⑤had; robbed
9、 consult sb、 about sth、 就……向某人咨询/请教
consult a doctor 瞧医生 consult with sb、 与某人商量
4、 look at 强调瞧得动作，不管结果，没有感情色彩。
glare at就是指由于愤怒而瞪视或怒目而视。
stare at 意为“凝视”，表示由于惊奇、羡慕或恐怖而张大眼睛，目
不转睛地注视。
glance at意为“瞥一眼，瞧一下”
10、 ① limit n、[C] 界限，边界；限度，极限；最大量（限度）
　 set a limit to … 对……加以限制 　without limit 无限地，无限制地
there is no limit to………无可限量
② vt、限制，限定
　limit … to… 把……限制在……范围之内
be limited to 局限于（某地方、团体或范围）
11、 combine vi、＆vt、 （使）结合；（使）联合
combine A with B=combine A and B 把A与B结起来
【联想】combined adj、 （仅用于名词前）联合得，共同得
短语 II、 1、 ①cut down 砍伐，砍倒（树）
②cut down 缩短，压缩（如文章）；改小，缩短（衣服）
③cut构成得短语归纳
cut across 抄近路穿过，横越 cut back (on) 削减，减少
cut off 中断，切断水、电等得）供应； cut up 切碎，切割
短语 II、 2、 ① be tired of sth、 / doing sth、 对……感到厌烦/厌倦
② be/get tired with/from… 因……而疲倦 ③ be tired out 累得筋疲力尽
3、 ① get away with sth、携带……逃跑
② get／ run away from表示逃离……
Unit 3　The Million Pound Bank Note
学习目标
1、To comprehend the play The Million Pound Bank Note and improve your reading ability of skimming and scanning、
2、To learn about the English play by comprehending and acting it out、
3、To form a proper attitude to the value of money and participate in the class energetically、
课堂探究
Ⅰ、1、15分钟自学课文,独立完成导学案题目,并上交。
(1)先略读课文1遍,而后把握文章得主旨,完成Task 1。
(2)再跳读课文1遍,把握文章得细节信息,完成Task 2。
(3)再精读课文1遍,完成其余练习。
2、必须记住课文出现得短语与句子,必须掌握把握文章结构得方法。
Ⅱ、About Mark Twain
Place he was born in:Florida
Places where he lived:Hannibal,Missouri,along the Mississippi
His famous works:The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆•索亚历险记》
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》
Life on the Mississippi《密西西比河上得生涯》
The meaning of “mark twain”:It means the water is two fathoms(=12 feet)deep、
Ⅲ、Task 1 Scanning
Scan the play and then answer the questions:
1、How many characters are there in the scene?Who are they?
2、Who is the main character?Where does he come from?
3、When and where did the story happen?
4、Where are the characters in Scene 3?
5、What happened in Scene 3?
Task 2 Skimming
Reading 1
1、Put the following events in correct order、
①Henry wandered in the street in London、
②About a month ago Henry Adams was sailing out of the bay、
③The next morning he was spotted by a ship、
④Towards nightfall he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind、
⑤On the ship he earned his passage by working as an unpaid hand、
2、How did Henry feel when he got a letter from the brothers?
A、Angry、 B、Hopeful、 C、Surprised、 D、Worried、
Reading 2
1、What is the passage mainly about?
2、What can we learn from the waiter’s look and manner at first?
Ⅳ、我们学习了那么多知识,到了我们该应用得时候了,让我们得思想尽情地流淌吧!
1、Can you list the reasons why the brothers chose Henry for their bet?
2、Imagine you have one million pound,what would you do?
Ⅴ、Warming Up
1、bring sb、up抚养某人长大
2、be set in、、、以……为背景
3、be best known for 因……而最出名
Reading 1
1、lead the way带路
2、go ahead可以;往下说
3、by accident偶然
4、stare at凝视;盯着瞧
5、earn the passage赚得船费
6、account for导致;作出解释
7、on the contrary正相反
8、show sb、out带某人出去
9、as a matter of fact事实上
10、be lost in迷路
Reading 2
1、a large amount of大量得
2、take a chance冒险
3、hold sth、in one’s hands手里握着某物
4、put a hand to one’s mouth用手捂住嘴巴
5、in rags衣衫褴褛
6、a great honour莫大得荣幸
7、as for至于
8、from the bottom of one’s heart从某人心底
9、take one’s order请某人点菜
Underline the following sentences in the text、
Reading 1
1、It is Henry Adams,an American businessman,who is lost in London and does not know what he should do、
2、、、、his eyes stare at what is left of the brother’s dinner on the table、
3、、、、towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind、
4、The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship、
5、The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance、
Reading 2
1、Well,it is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot、
2、It’s amazing how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life,especially if you can’t have them for a while、
3、Well,I did hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount 、、、Anyway,I don’t think it can be a fake、
参考答案
Ⅲ、Task 1
1、Henry Adams:a lost American businessman in London、
“Roderick”and “Oliver”:two old and wealthy brothers、
2、Henry,the hero of the story,comes from America、
3、The summer of 1903in London、
4、In the old brothers’ home、
5、The two old brothers gave Henry a bank note、
Task 2
Reading 1　1、②-④-③-⑤-①　2、C
Reading 2　1、Henry’s experience after he got the bank note、
2、He thought Henry couldn’t pay for the meal、
Ⅳ、1、It was his first visit to London so nobody knew him、
He had no money so he would have to rely on the bank note、
They thought he looked honest because he asked for a job and not charity、
2、donate;run a business;spend it on food;do some science research;buy clothes;share with friends;use it up;put it in the bank;travel around the world