2018届高考英语知识点提能检测21.doc

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第一部分　必修五　Module 2
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2015·江西六校联考)
“When I grow up, I want to be...”
Almost all of us have thought about, or been asked to think about, our future careers. Our answers may differ greatly. Even now your aspirations may have changed from when you were in primary school.
However, it seems career options aren't only based on personal taste. In a survey carried out by teens, doctors, lawyers, and bankers were some of most popular careers that people said they hoped to follow. This is in line with a similar survey carried out in the U．K. in May 2011 by job website monster.co.uk, in which medicine was the top choice among U．K. teenagers aged between 13 and 17.
Medicine and law are two of the oldest and best known professions. Their prestige (威望) may come from the fact that doctors and lawyers are some of the most esteemed members of society, and they make good money. Joining these high­profile professions is often seen as a sign of upward social mobility.
It is equally unsurprising that banking is now one of the most common career choices. Youngsters worldwide think of banking and see the money rolling in. Wealth is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career. British young men list the U．K. tycoon Alan Sugar, Microsoft founder Bill Gates and Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg as their top role models “for their wealth”. Just as Chinese teenagers see being a banker as a good and fun pathway to “wealth”．
However, not every child has the makings of doctor, lawyer, or banker. They are those who see fulfillment and happiness in other areas, and many teenagers dare to ink more individuality into their career options. As the Teens' survey discovered, a variety of unconventional jobs—coffee shop owner, gourmet (美食家), waiter at a fast food restaurant—are among teenagers' career choices. They can be equally interesting and rewarding jobs.
With every choice comes responsibility and challenge, and all career paths require specific education and training, you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了青少年心中最理想的职业。所有的职业生涯道路需要特殊的教育和培训，我们对自己的特长既要客观现实又要乐观自信。
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Choosing a good job is very important.
B．Careers in teenagers' mind.
C．Teenagers in the U．K. like doctors.
D．The choice of career needs challenge.
答案：A　主旨大意题。本文是围绕“青少年心中最理想的职业”展开论述的，故选A项。
2．According to the article, all of the following are the benefits of being a doctor EXCEPT ________.
A．respect from others　　　　 B．upward social mobility
C．high pay D．the oldest profession
答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句中关键词“...the most esteemed members of society, make good money, a sign of upward social mobility.”可知，A、B、C三项提到了，D项在文中没提到。
3．What do youngsters think is increasingly becoming one of the most important indicators of a successful career?
A．Prestige. B．Fulfillment.
C．Happiness. D．Wealth.
答案：D　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Just as Chinese teenagers see being a banker as a good and fun pathway to “wealth”．”可知，财富正日益成为判断成功职业的最重要指标。故选D项。

4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．According to your particular talents and skills, you can choose your favorite career.
B．Specific education and training can help get a good job.
C．Whatever career you choose, you should balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills.
D．Responsibility is the most important when you choose a good job.
答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“...you have to learn to balance optimism and confidence with being realistic about your particular talents and skills...”可知，无论从事什么职业，我们对自己的特长既要客观现实又要乐观自信。故选C项。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips to Become More Confident
Our confidence plays an important role in the ability to achieve success and happiness. It affects our thought patterns, the way we speak and act, and the decisions we make in all areas of our lives. Confident people take more action, perform better, and are more likely to achieve their goals. __1__ Lucky for us, confidence can be built and strengthened until it becomes natural, just as any other habit. It simply takes a little time, some effort, and a bit of attention.
●Learn.
The more knowledge you acquire, the more confident you will be. Knowledge is power, and the more powerful you feel, the higher your confidence will be.
●__2__
Keep a list of successes, big and small. It'll help you to see your abilities in a more positive and realistic light.
●Start a conversation.
When you find yourself in a social situation, don't always turn to those who you're comfortable with.__3__ Eventually getting to know new people will become easier.
●Don't compare.
Stop measuring yourself against others. __4__Making comparisons is a damaging and an inaccurate measure of success anyway.
Confidence helps you to be more secure in your abilities and more positive in your attitude. It also encourages you to be more assertive (坚定自信的)to take up more challenges, and to improve your skills. __5__ The end result is a better outlook, more success, and a higher quality of life in all areas.
A．As an added benefit, you'll attract like­minded people.
B．Track your accomplishments.
C．The results you get aren't always real.
D．It may only do harm to them.
E．List your super abilities.
F．What's more, confident people can take more joy from their accomplishments.
G．Talk to someone you don't know very well.
语篇解读：文章就如何变得更加自信给出了一些建议。
1．F　F项与该空前一句“Confident people...their goals”一致，都是在介绍自信的人的表现，故选F。
2．B　B项与该空后的“Keep a list of successes”一致。
3．G　G项与该空前的“don't always turn to those who you're comfortable with”及空后的“getting to know new people”一致。
4．C　根据空前句子的大意“不要把自己跟其他人做比较”以及空后的“Making comparisons is a damaging and an inaccurate measure of success anyway.”可知，C项“你得到的结果不总是真实的”符合语境。
5．A　空前已经列出了自信的一系列“好处”，空后概括了自信的最终结果，故可推测该空也应为自信的好处，故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2015·河南郑州市高三第二次质检)
I used to abandon myself to despair. Last year my mother __1__ from a stroke (中风) and had an operation on her brain. I felt my whole world turn upside down and I had no __2__ what I could do to help her to relieve her __3__. Tears welled up in my eyes whenever I was alone.
Last month I __4__ a precious watch, which was an 18­year­old birthday gift from my father. I could not fall asleep for a couple of nights because I felt __5__ about the loss.

There have been many __6__ like these in my life. I could never figure out how to deal with such tough things __7__ I read “If You Have a Lemon, Make a Lemonade” by American writer Dale Carnegie.
“When the wise man is handed a lemon, he says, ‘What __8__ can I get from this? How can I __9__ my situation? How can I turn this lemon into a lemonade？’” he wrote.
I suddenly __10__ that life is full of ups and downs, so I need to stay __11__ all the time. Now when I think of my past, I wish I could have handled things __12__. When my mother was fighting for __13__， I should have held her hands in mine, telling her things would get better instead of __14__and crying.
Several weeks ago, I took part in a campus singing competition. I didn't __15__ a prize. If I had not __16__ this article, I would definitely have felt __17__ again. But instead, I smiled after the competition. I was happy that at least I had got some stage __18__.
Life is not just a bed of roses. There are thorns (刺) as well, but these thorns help us become __19__ and strong. When life __20__ us a lemon, let's try to make a lemonade.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了“我”偶然读到一篇励志型文章从而改变了自己的人生态度。
1．A.resulted B．suffered
C．survived D．escaped
答案：B　去年“我”妈妈患了中风，脑部做了手术。result意为“产生”；suffer意为“遭受”；survive意为“幸存”；escape意为“逃走”。根据语境“from a stroke(中风)”可知，B项正确。
2．A.hope B．wonder
C．idea D．doubt
答案：C　“我”不知道该怎么去帮助她缓解她的痛苦(pain)。hope意为“希望”；wonder意为“惊奇”；idea意为“想法”：doubt意为“怀疑”。根据固定搭配have no idea“不知道”可知，C项正确。
3．A.pain B．anxiety
C．fear D．pressure
答案：A　参见上题解析。pain意为“痛苦”；anxiety意为“焦虑”；fear意为“害怕”；pressure意为“压力”。故A项正确。
4．A.received B．sold
C．fixed D．lost
答案：D　上个月“我”丢了一块珍贵的手表，那是爸爸给“我”的18岁生日礼物。根据下文的“about the loss”可知，“我”把珍贵的手表给弄丢了，即D项正确。
5．A.unbelievable B．shameful
C．angry D．terrible
答案：D　根据语境“I could not fall asleep for a couple of nights”可知，“我”因为珍贵的表丢了而心情很糟糕，以至于连觉都睡不着，即D项正确。
6．A.diseases B．memories
C．incidents D．difficulties
答案：C　根据下文的“such though things”可知，“我”在生活中会遇到许多不好的事情，即C项正确。incident意为“发生的事情(尤指不寻常的或讨厌的)”。
7．A.when B．until
C．though D．since
答案：B　根据下文可知，“我”直到读了那篇文章之后，才突然顿悟了生活，知道该如何应对生活中的困境和麻烦，故B项正确。
8．A.lesson B．lemonade
C．decision D．challenge
答案：A　当那个智者得到一个柠檬时，他说，“我能够从中得到什么教训呢？”lesson意为“教训”；lemonade意为“一杯柠檬饮料”；decision意为“决定”；challenge意为“挑战”。故A项正确。
9．A.control B．accept
C．improve D．avoid
答案：C　根据下文“How can I turn this lemon into a lemonade”可推知，智者想改善目前的状态。control意为“控制”；accept意为“接受”；improve意为“改善”；avoid意为“避免”。
10．A.realized B．thought
C．discovered D．predicted
答案：A　“我”突然意识到生活中充满了起起落落，因此“我”需要保持时刻乐观。realize意为“意识到，明白”；think意为“想”；discover意为“发现”；predict意为“预测”。故A项正确。
11．A.healthy B．independent
C．serious D．positive
答案：D　与上文的“I used to abandon myself to despair”形成对比，并由下文的“telling her things would get better”可推知，“我”顿悟到生活需要乐观面对，而不是悲观绝望，故D项正确。
12．A.exactly B．differently
C．easily D．practically
答案：B　根据下文“I should have held her hands in mine, telling her things would get better instead of __14__ and crying”可知，现在当“我”回想过去时，“我”希望自己能够用不同的方式去处理事情，故B项正确。
13．A.recovery B．life
C．freedom D．happiness
答案：A　当妈妈努力争取康复(recovery)时，“我”应该拉着她的手告诉她一切都会好起来的，而不是躲起来哭。故A项正确。
14．A.shouting B．hiding
C．quarreling D．regretting
答案：B　参见上题解析。shout意为“喊”；hide意为“隐藏”；quarrel意为“争吵”；regret意为“后悔”。
15．A.expect B．miss
C．win D．refuse
答案：C　“我”并没有赢得奖项。故C项正确。
16．A.figured out B．written down

C．found out D．come across
答案：D　如果“我”没有遇到这篇文章，“我”肯定又会感到沮丧。figure out意为“弄明白”；write down意为“记下”；find out意为“弄清”；come across意为“偶遇”。故D项正确。
17．A.embarrassed B．discouraged
C．excited D．concerned
答案：B　根据上文的“I used to abandon myself to despair”和下文的“again”可知，B项正确。
18．A.performance B．experience
C．progress D．effect
答案：B　“我”很开心至少“我”得到了一些舞台经验。performance意为“表演”；experience意为“经验，经历”；progress意为“进步”；effect意为“效应”。故B项正确。
19．A.brave B．calm
C．great D．clever
答案：A　生活中的这些刺帮助我们变得勇敢和坚强。与“strong”呼应可知，A项正确。
20．A.shows B．makes
C．gives D．sends
答案：C　当生活给(gives)我们一个柠檬时，我们要尽力去把它做成一杯柠檬饮料。故C项正确。
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last weekend as I was riding in the bike lane alongside the truck, we reached a crossing and it turned to the right, __1__(hit) me and my bicycle. Even more upsetting was the fact __2__ the driver didn't stop afterward. __3__， I was not injured and my bicycle was damaged, but still usable.
Even days later I reported the event to the police, they failed to __4__(proper) solve this situation or even return my calls. Eventually, I decided __5__(contact) University Student Legal Services for help about this matter. The small damage may not seem worth all __6 trouble, but what if I had been seriously __7__(injure)? Will anyone see punishment for breaking traffic laws and damaging my property?
Unfortunately, my experience is common, and __8__(accident)between bikes and cars occur far too often. A comprehensive study __9__(report) that of the nearly 3 000 cyclist­motorist crashes that occurred between 2000 and 2010 about 20 percent were hit­and­runs.
Bicycles are held to the same standards as motor vehicles in most cases. __10__ means that cyclists must obey all traffic rules, and also have the right to get damages in the accidents. I urge both cyclists and motorists to become familiar with their rights and duties when sharing the roads.
1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______
6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______
语篇解读：作者在骑自行车时不幸与一辆卡车发生了碰撞，通过这件事，作者提醒骑自行车的人和开车的司机要关注自己和他人的人身安全。
1．hitting　考查非谓语动词。卡车向右拐，结果撞到了我和我的自行车，此处是现在分词短语作结果状语。
2．that　考查从句连接词。that在此引导同位语从句，从句解释说明fact的具体内容，从句不缺少成分，因此用that引导。
3．Thankfully/Luckily/Fortunately　考查行文逻辑。前文提及作者遭遇了车祸，后文提及没受伤，自然很幸运。
4．properly　考查副词。solve是实义动词，要用副词修饰。
5．to contact　考查非谓语动词。decide后接动词不定式作宾语。
6．the　考查冠词。此处表达“费这种麻烦”，为特指，用定冠词the。
7．injured。考查动词的语态。作者应该是受重伤，故应该用被动语态。
8．accidents　考查名词。后面的occur一词暗示了主语是复数形式。
9．reported　考查时态。由occurred和were可知研究报道的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时态。
10．This/It　考查代词。此处是代指上文提及的“Bicycles are held to the same standards as motor vehicles in most cases.”这件事，故此处用this或者it指代。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
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