1、 初中英语短语汇总 a bit of 有一点儿 例句:Put a bit of sugar in the coffee, and it will taste better.咖啡里加点儿糖,味道尝起来更好。(大连中考题) 辨析:a bit of 与 a bit 1. a bit 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级。 2. a bit of 修饰不可数名词,a bit of的另一种形式是bits of。 *a couple of 两个;一对;几个 例句:You should spend a couple of hours getting ready for the interv
2、iew.你应该花几个小时为面试做准备。(上海中考) 辨析:a couple of 与 a pair of 1.a couple of 指两个互有关系的人或物,其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数 2.a pair of 指使用时彼此不能分开的两件东西构成的物品,其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数 a few 一些,少数几个 例句:“What are you going to buy?”“I’m going to buy ______ bananas.” “你打算去买什么?”“我打算去买一些香蕉。”(福州中考) 辨析:a few,few, a little,litt
3、le a few + 可数名词,用于肯定句 a little + 不可数名词,用于肯定句 few + 可数名词,用于否定句 little + 不可数名词,用于否定句 *agree with (sb) 同意;赞成 例句:His deeds do not always agree with his words. 他的言行并非总是一致。 辨析:agree on,agree to,agree with (sb) agree to 主要用来表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等,另一方同意协作。 agree on [upon] 主要指双方通过协商而取得一致
4、意见或达成协议。 agree with ①表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等 (即持同一观点);②表示“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”;③表示“与…一致”。 a good many 很多、大量;相当多; 例句:A good many things had happened since we left.自从我们离开以来,发生了许多事。 用法:只能用来修饰可数名词 。 a group of 一群 例句:A group of adults, highly succeeded in their jobs, went to visit their old p
5、rofessor.一群在自己工作上极度成功的成年人,去拜访他们的老教授。(山东烟台中考) a kind of 一种 例句:Anger is a kind of feeling . 愤怒是一种情感。(湖南岳阳中考) 用法:kind指品种,说“一种”事物常用a kind of 作定语。a kind of animal一种动物,a kind of car一种小车。 辨析:1、a kind of:(某类中的)一种,作定语,后面加名词。 2、kind of表示“有一点儿”“有几分”“相当”。后面加形容词。 3、all kinds of:全部种类,后面加名词复数。谓语
6、动词用复数。 *a little 一点儿;少量的 例句:I'm a little tired. Let's take a short rest. 我有点累了。让我们休息一会儿。 a lot of 许多,大量 用法:a lot of等于lots of,并且只能用于肯定句中;a lot of既可修饰可数名词复数,也可修饰不可数名词。 例句:English is spoken by a lot of people.许多人说英语。(黄冈中考) a moment ago 刚才 例句:I see her go upstairs a moment ago. 我刚才看见她上楼
7、去了。 图 3 a number of 许多;大量的 例句:A number of (ie some) problems have arisen. 已经出现了一些问题。 辨析: a number of 意思是“一些,若干”(= some),后接可数名词复数或代词,谓语动词用复数形式。 the number of 意思是“……的数字/数目”,后接可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数。 *a pair of 一双 例句:Mother bought her a pair of tennis shoes. 母亲给她买了一双网球鞋。 *a piece of 一片
8、一块 例句:Would you please give me a piece of paper? 能给我一张纸吗? above all 首先;最重要的是; 例句:Above all,he was a good and tireless writer. 首先,他是位优秀的、不知疲倦的作家。 according to 按照;根据 例句:Please arrange the books according to size.请按大小将书分类。 across from 在……对面 例句:The museum is across from the post offic
9、e.博物馆在邮局对面。(宜宾中考) 图4 、图5 add to 增添,增加,增进 例句:I have nothing to add to my earlier statement. 我对我先前说的话,没有什么补充的。 辨析:add to意为“增添,增加,增进”。 add...to意为“把......加到......”,是把前一项加到后一项之后或之中。 add up to意为“加起来总共是/累计得”,该短语不用于被动语态。 after a while 过一会儿;不久 例句:Don't worry, your brother will
10、 come back after a while. 别担心,你兄弟一会就会回来。 after all 毕竟;到底;终究 例句:After all, children eat the same way as their parents.毕竟,孩子们和他们父母吃的方式一样。(北京中考) again and again 反复地;再三地 例句:The actress was bowing her thanks again and again.女演员正在一次又一次地谢幕。 agree on 对 ... 意见一致 例句: Will you agree on wh
11、at I said just now?您同意我刚才说的话吗? 辨析:agree on /upon “对……取得一致意见”指两方或多方就某个问题取得了一致的意见或达成了某种协议。 agree to “同意、应允”通常用于同意某件事情(我们可以同意我们自己有不同看法而并不赞同的事情)。 agree with “同意、赞同”常常表示同某人意见一致,也可表赞同某件事情。还有“(气候、食物等)适合”之意。 *aim at 瞄准;针对;致力于;旨在 例句:We aim at doubling our production.我们的目标是将生产增加一倍。 *all
12、 in all 总的说来 例句:He has his faults, but, all in all, he is a good helper.他虽有缺点,但总的说来,他是一个好帮手。 *all kinds of 各种类型的;各种各样的 例句:Sandy collected pictures of all kinds of butterflies. 桑迪收集了各种各样的蝴蝶图片。(江苏中考) 图6 用法:后接可数名词复数,表示不同种类的。 all one’s life一生;终生 例句:Fri
13、ends are the biggest treasures in our life! 朋友是我们一生最大的财富! all over the world 全世界 例句:Radio Beijing sends the news all over the world.北京广播电台向全世界播送新闻。 all the same都一样,仍然 例句:He's a bit naughty, but I like him all the same.他有点顽皮,可是我还是喜欢他。 all the time 一直;总是 例句:I've kept on thinking about t
14、hat all the time. 我一直惦记着这件事。 all the way 一路上;自始至终 例句:He drove all the way through to New York.他一直开到纽约。 *all year round 全年 例句:The climate of Kunming is enjoyable all year round.昆明的气候一年四季都令人愉快。 along with 与……一起;加之 例句:These visitors came along with some business men.这些旅客是和一些商人一起来的。
15、 and so on 等等 例句:This March, the H7N9 virus (病毒) hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. 今年3月,H7N9病毒侵袭了上海,安徽,江苏,浙江等地区。 用法:用在举例的末尾,意思是举例未完。 apart from 此外;除……之外 例句:Apart from the money in the drawer, I am penniless.除去抽屉里的钱我是身无分文。 辨析:besides意为“除了……之外(还有)”,有肯定的附加意义,表示在整体中加上一部分,除去的部分包
16、括在内,是包容关系。 except是“除了……没有”意思,表示在整体中减去一部分,除去的部分要排除在外,是排外关系。前后名词性质相同。 except for意为“除„„之外”,用于引述细节以修正和补充句子的主要意思。前后名词性质不同。 apart from具有多重意义,既可表示besides,也可表示except或except for。 arrive at 到达某地 例句:You must arrive at the airport two hours early. 你必须提前两小时到达机场。 辨析:arrive at 后接小地点
17、 arrive in 后接大地点 as a natter of fact 事实上;其实 例句: As a matter of fact, I've never been there before. 事实上我从未到过那儿。 as a result (of) 因此;作为……的结果 例句:He was late as a result of the snow. 由于大雪他迟到了。 as a whole 整个来说;总体上 例句:We must consider those matters as a whole. 我们必须全盘考虑这些事。 as
18、…as像……一样 例句:John is as bright as Bob. 约翰和鲍博一样聪明。 用法:“as(否定句中可用so)+adj./adv.+as…”,其基本意思为“……和……一样”。但在实际应用中,此结构在不同的语境中含义差异较大。 as for 至于;关于 例句:As for my past, I'm not telling you anything.关于我的过去,我什么都不会告诉你。 as if 好像 例句:It looks as if it will rain before long. 看起来一会儿就要下雨了。 用法:as if一般可由as thoug
19、h来代替。可在look, seem等系动词后引导表语从句。 *as long as 只要;既然 例句:The river is as long as that one.这条河和那条河一样长。 as many as 和……一样多;多达 例句:My father loves me as much as my mother does. 我父亲和我母亲一样爱我。 辨析: as many as 后接可数名词复数 as much as 后接不可数名词 as soon as一……就…… 例句:As soon as she saw a snake on
20、the mud, she started crying at the top of her voice。. 当她一看到泥浆里的蛇的时候,她就以她最大声音哭起来了。(四川绵阳中考)图7 as usual像往常一样 例句:As usual, there weren't many people at the meeting. 像往常一样,来开会的人不多。 as well as 也,又;还;和……一样好 例句:Do you believe some special dogs can do things as well as man? 你相信有些特别的狗能做和人一样的事吗?(南
21、通中考) 用法:当as well as连接两个成分作主语时,其后谓语的单复数形式通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。 *ask… for…请求;恳求(给予) 例句:He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present.他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 例句:The doctor asked me to stay in bed. 医生让我卧床休息。 图 8 *at all 完全;根本 例句:I have no time at all to w
22、rite to you. 我根本没时间给你写信。 *at first首先;最初 例句:At first I didn't know what had happened.起先我不知道发生了什么事。 用法:主要用于前后对照,暗示接下来的动作与前面的动作不同甚至相反。 at home在家 例句:You can stay at home and watch TV. 你可以待在家里并且看电视。 图9 at last最后,终于 例句:What did the man decide to buy at last? 这个男人最后买了什么?(杭州中考) 辨析:at last
23、只能指时间位置,不能指时间顺序,而且在语义上是指经过周折,等待,耽搁的“终于”,“最后”。 finally既可以用于表示时间位置,也可以用于表示时间的先后顺序。 *at least至少;不少于;起码 例句:He has been there at least twice. 他至少去过那儿两次。 at night在夜里 例句:It was too late at night when an old man came to a small town. 老人在夜里很晚的时候来到小城。(海南中考) *at once立即;马上 例句:He stopped play
24、ing the piano at once. 他立刻停止了弹钢琴。 *at present 目前;现在 例句:At present, more and more people are crazy about travel ling.现在,越来越多的人痴狂于旅行。(东营中考) at table 在进餐,在吃饭 例句:It is impolite to blow your nose at table.在吃饭时擦鼻涕是不礼貌的。 辨析: at table 指在吃饭这一状态。 at the table 指在桌子旁,不一定在吃饭。 at that momen
25、t 就在那时 例句:At that moment my heart was full of joy and thankfulness.此时,我的心充满了欢乐与感激。 at the age of 在……岁的时候 例句:She was orphaned at the age of ten. 她在十岁时成为孤儿。 *at the beginning of 在……开始 例句:In America, at the beginning of the term, students must select their courses and teachers first. 在美国
26、在学期的开始,同学们必须首先选择他们的课程和老师。(烟台中考) 辨析:at the beginning of...意思是“在...刚开始的时候”,它只描述事情的起初情况,并不强调后来的情况与开始时相反。 at first“刚开始的时候/起初”,它一般用于描述一件事情的发展的前后进程,而且强调事情发展的前后特点不一致,且用于过去时居多。 at the end of 在……的结尾;在……结束时 例句:Put a question mark at the end of that sentence.在那个句末划一个问号。 at the moment 此刻;正在那时
27、例句:I couldn't summon up his name at the moment. 此时我无论如何想不起他的名字了。 at the same time 同时 例句:At the same time, you must choose the teachers. Different teachers have different teaching methods. 同时,你必须选择老师。不同的老师有不同的教学方法。(烟台中考) at the sight of 一见……就 例句:His mouth watered at the sight of the food
28、 他一看到那食物就流囗水。 at the top of 在……顶端 例句:He is at the top of the class.他居全班之首位。(哈尔滨中考) 辨析:at the top of “在……顶点上、在……上”。at 表示点,在句子中用作状语,反义短语常为 at the bottom of “在……底部”; on (the) top of 中的on 表示部位上的接触,意思是“在……之上、在……上面”。反义短语常为at the foot of “在……脚底下”。 图10 、 图 11 *at times 有时;偶尔 例句:She ca
29、n be really irritating at times.她有时候真让人恼火。 at weekends 在周末 例句:He likes to go climbing at weekends. 他喜欢在周末做登山运动。 at work在工作 例句:Do you have to wear a suit at work? 你们上班得穿西装吗? B be able to 能够做某事 例句:Soon computers and other machines(机器) will be able to remember you by looking at you
30、r eyes! 不久电脑和其他机器能够通过盯着你的眼睛看记住你。(宝鸡中考) 辨析:be able to 主要指具体做到了某件事的能力,经过努力而成功做成某事其形式主要是靠be 发生变化。 can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即can, could。 be about to 即将;将要 例句:Take your places, please, we are about to start. 各位请入席,我们就要开始了。 be afraid of 害怕;恐怕 例句:In order to speak English better, we shoul
31、dn’t be afraid of losing face.为了说好英语,我们不应该害怕丢脸。(哈尔滨中考) 辨析:be afraid of 后接名词、代词,表示“害怕某人或某物”,接动名词,表示“担心或害怕某种情况发生”,是客观上发生的。 be afraid to do sth. 表示“害怕做某事”,也就是主语对做某事内心感到恐惧。是主观上的原因害怕去做。 be against 反对;违反 例句:It will be against my principle to lie to you. 对你说假话是违背我的行为准则的。 be allowed to d
32、o 被允许做 例句: I think I should be allowed to do the things that I’m interested in.我想我应该被允许做我感兴趣的事情。(黄冈中考) be angry . 生气 例句:Don't be angry over such trivial matters. 别为这些琐事生气。 be asleep 睡着 例句:I pretended to be asleep but in fact I was awake.我假装睡着了,其实我是醒着的。 图 12 be away离开 例句:I'l
33、l take care of your children while you are away.你不在时我会照顾你的孩子的。 be bad for对……有害 例句:It is bad for your eyes to play computer games.玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。(广东中考) be born 出生 例句:My friends Henry was born on June 10th 1997. 我的朋友亨利出生于1997年6月10日。(重庆中考) 辨析:be born on后面接时间,而且是具体到哪年哪月哪天。 be born in 后
34、接时间则只接哪年或哪年哪月,也可以接地点。 be busy with 忙于某事 例句:Are you busy with your homework now?你现在在忙着你的家庭作业吗?(山西中考) 用法:后接名词或代词,相当于be busy (in) doing sth.。 be careful小心 例句:Be careful with your machine, you'll be hurt.小心你的机器,不然就会受伤。(黑龙江中考) be close to 与……亲近;接近 例句:She feels good to be close to the nature
35、她喜欢亲近自然。 be confident 对……有信心 例句:One has to be confident in himself. 一个人一定要对自己有信心。 be covered with 被……覆盖着 例句:In a few years’time, those mountains will be covered with trees.几年的时间,这些山将数目林立。(宜昌中考) 辨析:be covered with 强调状态 be covered by 强调动作 图 13 图 14 be different fr
36、om与……不同 例句:Life in the 21st century will be different from life in the 20th century.二十一世纪的生活将和二十世纪的不同。 be excited about 对……感到兴奋;激动 例句:The three students will be excited about their summer plans.这三个学生对他们的暑假计划感到很兴奋。(三亚中考) 用法:后接名词或者动名词。 be familiar to 对……熟悉 例句:The singer is familiar to eve
37、ry one of us.这位歌唱家是我们大家熟悉的。 辨析:be familiar to 通常由物作主语,是某物、某事为某人所熟悉。 be familiar with 通常由人作主语,一般是指某人熟悉某人、某物。 be famous as作为……而出名 例句:Edison was famous as a great inventor.爱迪生以一位伟大的发明家而著名。 辨析:be famous as 当主语是表示人的名词时,表示“以某种身份而出名”;当主语是表示地点的名词时,表示“以什么样的产地/地方而出名”。 be famous for 当主语是
38、表示人的名词时,表示“以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而出 名”;当主语是表示地点的名词时,表示“以某种特点(产品)而出名”。 be fed up with 厌倦 例句:I am fed up with his laziness and carelessness. 我受够了他的懒惰和粗心 be filled with充满 例句:These words caused the boy's eyes to be filled with tears.因为这些话男孩的眼睛里满是泪。(南京中考) 图 15 be fond of 喜欢 例句:He was fond
39、of drawing when he was a child. 他还是个孩子时就喜欢画画。 be free免费,自由,空闲 例句:Because her father will be free this Sunday. 因为她父亲这周日有空。(昆明中考) be friendly to 对……友好. 例句:He pretended to be friendly with me.他假装对我友善。 be from 来自于 例句:The lovely girl is from Class 6. Her name is Alice. 这个可爱的女孩来自6班。她的名字叫爱
40、丽丝。(北京中考) 用法:意思上等同于come from。 be full of 充满着 例句:Our new school life will be full of fun.我们的新学校生活将充满着乐趣。(南通中考) 辨析:be full of 侧重于状态 be filled with 侧重于动作和装的东西 be going to 打算(计划)做某事 例句:The examination is over,what are you going to do tomorrow?考试要结束了,明天你打算做什么?(河南中考) be good at善于,擅
41、长…… 例句:I find that I’m not good at writing compositions.我发现我不擅长写作文。(咸宁中考) be good for 对……有益 ;对……有帮助 例句:Enough sleep is good for health.充足的睡眠对身体有益。(哈尔滨中考) 用法:其反义词为be bad for 对……有害。 be in agreement 意见一致 例句:We are in agreement with their decision. 我们同意他们的决定。 be interested in 对……感兴趣 例句:Sh
42、e is interested in science and good at it. 她对科学感兴趣并且擅长于此。(安徽中考) be late for 迟到 例句:Don't be late for your interview, or you won't get the job.面试不要迟到,否则你就得不到工作了。 be like像…… 例句:Could you imagine what the world would be like ?你能想象世界将会是哪样吗? be lost迷路;丢失 例句:My little dog is lost.All of my f
43、riends are helping me to look for it.我的狗丢了。我所有的朋友在帮我找它。(吉林中考) be mad at 生……的气 例句:My mother is mad at me because I didn’t finish my homework.因为我没有完成家庭作业我妈妈对我很生气。(内江中考) 用法:程度比be angry with 要深一些。 be made of 由……制成的 例句:The floor was made of wooden blocks. 地板是用木块拼成的。 辨析:be made of “由…构成”,能看出原材
44、料。 be made from “由…构成、制成成品”,被制成的东西看不出原材料或发生的是化学变化。 be made in "于…制造",指的是产地。 be on 上映;上演;处于……状态 例句:These pictures will be on show next week. 下周将公开展出这些画。 be pleased to 高兴做某事 例句:I’m so pleased to meet you.很高兴见到你。(上海中考) be pleased with 对……感到满意 例句:You might be very ple
45、ased with the results.你应该对结果非常满意。(孝感中考) 用法:与be satisfied with 同义。 be popular (受……)欢迎 例句:Professor Smith is popular among the students. 史密斯教授很受学生的欢迎。 be proud of 为……而自豪/骄傲 例句:Be proud of what you've achieved.为你取得的成就自豪吧! be ready for 为……准备 例句:We will be ready for helping you at all t
46、imes.我们时刻准备帮你。(无锡中考) 辨析:be ready for 强调状态,准备好了。 get ready for 强调动作,为…作准备。 be short for 是……的缩写;是……的简称 例句:WTO is short for World Trade Organization.WTO是世界贸易组织的缩写。 be short of 缺乏 例句:We are short of time. I must ask you to be brief. 时间不够,所以我必须请你发言简短些。 be similar to 与……相像 例句:
47、My new dress is similar to the one you have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。 be sorry for 为……而难过;为……而不安 例句:Never give up, or you'll be sorry for yourself!不轻言放弃,否则对不起自己! be strict with对……要求严格 例句:The coach must be strict with the players.教练一定要对球员严格要求。 辨析:be strict with 后加表示人的名词或代词。 be strict in 后加事物。
48、 be suitable for 对……合适 例句:Packing should be suitable for sea voyage.包装要适合于海运。 be supposed to 应该;被期望做某事 例句:What time will we be supposed to arrive there.我们应该什么时候到达那里。 be sure about 确信;对……有把握 例句:To cross the river,one has to be sure about stones at the bottom.摸着石头过河。 用法:主语为人,后接名词、代词或动词-i
49、ng形式。 图 16 be sure 肯定…… 例句: He is sure to call you up. 他准会给你打电话的。(中山中考) 辨析:.be sure of 侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑; be sure about 侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。 be sure to do 表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断,认为句子主语“必定”、“必然会”、“准会”如何如何。 be surprised at 对……感到惊奇 例句:I was surprised at the trees that
50、grew quite well.我惊讶于树长得很好。(宜昌中考) be surprised to 惊奇地做某事 例句:They were surprised to find that he'd already left.他们惊奇地发现他已经走了。 be terrified of 极度恐惧的;非常害怕的 例句:Lily is very shy and she is always terrified of speaking. 莉莉非常害羞她一直害怕演讲。(重庆中考) be tired from 因...而疲倦 例句: His father was tired






