初中英语短语汇总.doc

初中英语短语汇总a bit of 有一点儿例句：Put a bit of sugar in the coffee, and it will taste better.咖啡里加点儿糖，味道尝起来更好。（大连中考题）辨析：a bit of 与 a bit1. a bit 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级。2. a bit of 修饰不可数名词，a bit of的另一种形式是bits of。*a couple of 两个；一对；几个例句：You should spend a couple of hours getting ready for the interview.你应该花几个小时为面试做准备。（上海中考）辨析：a couple of 与 a pair of1.a couple of 指两个互有关系的人或物，其修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数2.a pair of 指使用时彼此不能分开的两件东西构成的物品，其修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数a few 一些，少数几个例句：“What are you going to buy?”“Im going to buy _ bananas.” “你打算去买什么？”“我打算去买一些香蕉。”（福州中考）辨析：a few，few, a little，littlea few + 可数名词，用于肯定句 a little + 不可数名词，用于肯定句 few + 可数名词，用于否定句 little + 不可数名词，用于否定句*agree with (sb) 同意；赞成例句：His deeds do not always agree with his words. 他的言行并非总是一致。辨析：agree on，agree to，agree with (sb) agree to 主要用来表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等，另一方同意协作。agree on upon 主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议。agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等 (即持同一观点)；表示“ (食物、天气、工作等)对适宜”；表示“与一致”。a good many 很多、大量；相当多；例句：A good many things had happened since we left.自从我们离开以来,发生了许多事。用法：只能用来修饰可数名词 。a group of 一群例句：A group of adults, highly succeeded in their jobs, went to visit their old professor.一群在自己工作上极度成功的成年人，去拜访他们的老教授。（山东烟台中考）a kind of 一种例句：Anger is a kind of feeling . 愤怒是一种情感。（湖南岳阳中考）用法：kind指品种，说“一种”事物常用a kind of 作定语。a kind of animal一种动物，a kind of car一种小车。辨析：1、a kind of:（某类中的）一种，作定语，后面加名词。 2、kind of表示“有一点儿”“有几分”“相当”。后面加形容词。 3、all kinds of:全部种类，后面加名词复数。谓语动词用复数。*a little 一点儿；少量的例句：Im a little tired. Lets take a short rest. 我有点累了。让我们休息一会儿。a lot of 许多，大量用法：a lot of等于lots of，并且只能用于肯定句中；a lot of既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。例句：English is spoken by a lot of people.许多人说英语。（黄冈中考）a moment ago 刚才例句：I see her go upstairs a moment ago. 我刚才看见她上楼去了。 图 3a number of 许多；大量的例句：A number of (ie some) problems have arisen. 已经出现了一些问题。辨析：anumberof 意思是“一些，若干”（=some），后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。thenumberof 意思是“的数字/数目”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。*a pair of 一双例句：Mother bought her a pair of tennis shoes.母亲给她买了一双网球鞋。*a piece of 一片；一块例句：Would you please give me a piece of paper? 能给我一张纸吗？above all 首先；最重要的是；例句：Above all，he was a good and tireless writer. 首先,他是位优秀的、不知疲倦的作家。according to 按照；根据例句：Please arrange the books according to size.请按大小将书分类。across from 在对面例句：The museum is across from the post office.博物馆在邮局对面。（宜宾中考） 图4 、图5add to 增添，增加，增进例句：I have nothing to add to my earlier statement. 我对我先前说的话，没有什么补充的。辨析：add to意为“增添，增加，增进”。 add.to意为“把.加到.”，是把前一项加到后一项之后或之中。 add up to意为“加起来总共是累计得”，该短语不用于被动语态。after a while 过一会儿；不久例句：Dont worry, your brother will come back after a while. 别担心，你兄弟一会就会回来。after all 毕竟；到底；终究例句：After all, children eat the same way as their parents.毕竟，孩子们和他们父母吃的方式一样。（北京中考）again and again 反复地；再三地例句：The actress was bowing her thanks again and again.女演员正在一次又一次地谢幕。agree on 对 . 意见一致例句： Will you agree on what I said just now?您同意我刚才说的话吗?辨析：agree on /upon “对取得一致意见”指两方或多方就某个问题取得了一致的意见或达成了某种协议。 agree to “同意、应允”通常用于同意某件事情(我们可以同意我们自己有不同看法而并不赞同的事情)。 agree with “同意、赞同”常常表示同某人意见一致，也可表赞同某件事情。还有“(气候、食物等)适合”之意。*aim at 瞄准；针对；致力于；旨在例句：We aim at doubling our production.我们的目标是将生产增加一倍。*all in all 总的说来例句：He has his faults, but, all in all, he is a good helper.他虽有缺点，但总的说来，他是一个好帮手。*all kinds of 各种类型的；各种各样的例句：Sandy collected pictures of all kinds of butterflies. 桑迪收集了各种各样的蝴蝶图片。（江苏中考） 图6用法：后接可数名词复数，表示不同种类的。all ones life一生；终生例句：Friends are the biggest treasures in our life! 朋友是我们一生最大的财富！all over the world 全世界例句：Radio Beijing sends the news all over the world.北京广播电台向全世界播送新闻。all the same都一样，仍然例句：Hes a bit naughty, but I like him all the same.他有点顽皮,可是我还是喜欢他。all the time 一直；总是例句：Ive kept on thinking about that all the time. 我一直惦记着这件事。all the way 一路上；自始至终例句：He drove all the way through to New York.他一直开到纽约。*all year round 全年例句：The climate of Kunming is enjoyable all year round.昆明的气候一年四季都令人愉快。along with 与一起；加之例句：These visitors came along with some business men.这些旅客是和一些商人一起来的。and so on 等等例句：This March, the H7N9 virus (病毒) hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on.今年3月，H7N9病毒侵袭了上海，安徽，江苏，浙江等地区。用法：用在举例的末尾，意思是举例未完。apart from 此外；除之外例句：Apart from the money in the drawer, I am penniless.除去抽屉里的钱我是身无分文。辨析：besides意为“除了之外(还有)”，有肯定的附加意义，表示在整体中加上一部分，除去的部分包括在内，是包容关系。 except是“除了没有”意思，表示在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分要排除在外，是排外关系。前后名词性质相同。 except for意为“除之外”，用于引述细节以修正和补充句子的主要意思。前后名词性质不同。 apart from具有多重意义，既可表示besides，也可表示except或except for。arrive at 到达某地例句：You must arrive at the airport two hours early. 你必须提前两小时到达机场。辨析：arrive at 后接小地点 arrive in 后接大地点as a natter of fact 事实上；其实例句： As a matter of fact, Ive never been there before. 事实上我从未到过那儿。 as a result (of) 因此；作为的结果例句：He was late as a result of the snow. 由于大雪他迟到了。as a whole 整个来说；总体上例句：We must consider those matters as a whole. 我们必须全盘考虑这些事。asas像一样例句：John is as bright as Bob. 约翰和鲍博一样聪明。用法：“as(否定句中可用so)adjadvas”，其基本意思为“和一样”。但在实际应用中，此结构在不同的语境中含义差异较大。as for 至于；关于例句：As for my past, Im not telling you anything.关于我的过去,我什么都不会告诉你。as if 好像例句：It looks as if it will rain before long. 看起来一会儿就要下雨了。用法：as if一般可由as though来代替。可在look, seem等系动词后引导表语从句。*as long as 只要；既然例句：The river is as long as that one.这条河和那条河一样长。as many as 和一样多；多达例句：My father loves me as much as my mother does. 我父亲和我母亲一样爱我。辨析： as many as 后接可数名词复数 as much as 后接不可数名词as soon as一就例句：As soon as she saw a snake on the mud, she started crying at the top of her voice。.当她一看到泥浆里的蛇的时候，她就以她最大声音哭起来了。（四川绵阳中考）图7as usual像往常一样例句：As usual, there werent many people at the meeting. 像往常一样，来开会的人不多。as well as 也，又；还；和一样好例句：Do you believe some special dogs can do things as well as man? 你相信有些特别的狗能做和人一样的事吗？（南通中考）用法：当as well as连接两个成分作主语时，其后谓语的单复数形式通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。*ask for请求；恳求（给予）例句：He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present.他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事例句：The doctor asked me to stay in bed. 医生让我卧床休息。 图 8*at all 完全；根本例句：I have no time at all to write to you. 我根本没时间给你写信。*at first首先；最初例句：At first I didnt know what had happened.起先我不知道发生了什么事。用法：主要用于前后对照，暗示接下来的动作与前面的动作不同甚至相反。at home在家例句：You can stay at home and watch TV. 你可以待在家里并且看电视。 图9at last最后，终于例句：What did the man decide to buy at last? 这个男人最后买了什么？（杭州中考）辨析：at last 只能指时间位置，不能指时间顺序，而且在语义上是指经过周折，等待，耽搁的“终于”，“最后”。 finally既可以用于表示时间位置，也可以用于表示时间的先后顺序。*at least至少；不少于；起码例句：He has been there at least twice. 他至少去过那儿两次。at night在夜里例句：It was too late at night when an old man came to a small town. 老人在夜里很晚的时候来到小城。（海南中考）*at once立即；马上例句：He stopped playing the piano at once. 他立刻停止了弹钢琴。*at present 目前；现在例句：At present, more and more people are crazy about travel ling.现在，越来越多的人痴狂于旅行。（东营中考）at table 在进餐，在吃饭例句：It is impolite to blow your nose at table.在吃饭时擦鼻涕是不礼貌的。辨析： at table 指在吃饭这一状态。 at the table 指在桌子旁，不一定在吃饭。at that moment 就在那时例句：At that moment my heart was full of joy and thankfulness.此时,我的心充满了欢乐与感激。at the age of 在岁的时候例句：She was orphaned at the age of ten. 她在十岁时成为孤儿。*at the beginning of 在开始例句：In America, at the beginning of the term, students must select their courses and teachers first.在美国，在学期的开始，同学们必须首先选择他们的课程和老师。（烟台中考）辨析：at the beginning of.意思是“在.刚开始的时候”，它只描述事情的起初情况，并不强调后来的情况与开始时相反。 at first“刚开始的时候/起初”，它一般用于描述一件事情的发展的前后进程，而且强调事情发展的前后特点不一致，且用于过去时居多。at the end of 在的结尾；在结束时例句：Put a question mark at the end of that sentence.在那个句末划一个问号。at the moment 此刻；正在那时例句：I couldnt summon up his name at the moment. 此时我无论如何想不起他的名字了。at the same time 同时例句：At the same time, you must choose the teachers. Different teachers have different teaching methods. 同时，你必须选择老师。不同的老师有不同的教学方法。（烟台中考）at the sight of 一见就例句：His mouth watered at the sight of the food.他一看到那食物就流囗水。at the top of 在顶端例句：He is at the top of the class.他居全班之首位。（哈尔滨中考）辨析：at the top of “在顶点上、在上”。at 表示点，在句子中用作状语，反义短语常为 at the bottom of “在底部”; on (the) top of 中的on 表示部位上的接触，意思是“在之上、在上面”。反义短语常为at the foot of “在脚底下”。 图10 、 图 11*at times 有时；偶尔例句：She can be really irritating at times.她有时候真让人恼火。at weekends 在周末例句：He likes to go climbing at weekends. 他喜欢在周末做登山运动。at work在工作例句：Do you have to wear a suit at work? 你们上班得穿西装吗？Bbe able to 能够做某事例句：Soon computers and other machines(机器) will be able to remember you by looking at your eyes! 不久电脑和其他机器能够通过盯着你的眼睛看记住你。（宝鸡中考）辨析：be able to 主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，经过努力而成功做成某事其形式主要是靠be 发生变化。 can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即can, could。be about to 即将；将要例句：Take your places, please, we are about to start. 各位请入席，我们就要开始了。be afraid of 害怕；恐怕例句：In order to speak English better, we shouldnt be afraid of losing face.为了说好英语，我们不应该害怕丢脸。（哈尔滨中考）辨析：be afraid of 后接名词、代词，表示“害怕某人或某物”，接动名词，表示“担心或害怕某种情况发生”，是客观上发生的。 be afraid to do sth. 表示“害怕做某事”，也就是主语对做某事内心感到恐惧。是主观上的原因害怕去做。be against 反对；违反例句：It will be against my principle to lie to you. 对你说假话是违背我的行为准则的。be allowed to do 被允许做例句： I think I should be allowed to do the things that Im interested in.我想我应该被允许做我感兴趣的事情。（黄冈中考）be angry . 生气例句：Dont be angry over such trivial matters. 别为这些琐事生气。be asleep 睡着例句：I pretended to be asleep but in fact I was awake.我假装睡着了,其实我是醒着的。 图 12 be away离开例句：Ill take care of your children while you are away.你不在时我会照顾你的孩子的。be bad for对有害例句：It is bad for your eyes to play computer games.玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。（广东中考）be born 出生例句：My friends Henry was born on June 10th 1997. 我的朋友亨利出生于1997年6月10日。（重庆中考）辨析：be born on后面接时间,而且是具体到哪年哪月哪天。 be born in 后接时间则只接哪年或哪年哪月,也可以接地点。be busy with 忙于某事例句：Are you busy with your homework now?你现在在忙着你的家庭作业吗？（山西中考）用法：后接名词或代词，相当于be busy (in) doing sth.。be careful小心例句：Be careful with your machine, youll be hurt.小心你的机器，不然就会受伤。（黑龙江中考）be close to 与亲近；接近例句：She feels good to be close to the nature.她喜欢亲近自然。be confident 对有信心例句：One has to be confident in himself. 一个人一定要对自己有信心。be covered with 被覆盖着例句：In a few yearstime, those mountains will be covered with trees.几年的时间，这些山将数目林立。（宜昌中考）辨析：be covered with 强调状态 be covered by 强调动作 图 13 图 14be different from与不同例句：Life in the 21st century will be different from life in the 20th century.二十一世纪的生活将和二十世纪的不同。be excited about 对感到兴奋；激动例句：The three students will be excited about their summer plans.这三个学生对他们的暑假计划感到很兴奋。（三亚中考）用法：后接名词或者动名词。be familiar to 对熟悉例句：The singer is familiar to every one of us.这位歌唱家是我们大家熟悉的。辨析：be familiar to 通常由物作主语，是某物、某事为某人所熟悉。 be familiar with 通常由人作主语，一般是指某人熟悉某人、某物。be famous as作为而出名例句：Edison was famous as a great inventor.爱迪生以一位伟大的发明家而著名。辨析：be famous as 当主语是表示人的名词时，表示“以某种身份而出名”;当主语是表示地点的名词时,表示“以什么样的产地/地方而出名”。 be famous for 当主语是表示人的名词时，表示“以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而出名”;当主语是表示地点的名词时,表示“以某种特点(产品)而出名”。be fed up with 厌倦例句：I am fed up with his laziness and carelessness. 我受够了他的懒惰和粗心be filled with充满例句：These words caused the boys eyes to be filled with tears.因为这些话男孩的眼睛里满是泪。（南京中考） 图 15be fond of 喜欢例句：He was fond of drawing when he was a child. 他还是个孩子时就喜欢画画。be free免费，自由，空闲例句：Because her father will be free this Sunday. 因为她父亲这周日有空。（昆明中考）be friendly to 对友好.例句：He pretended to be friendly with me.他假装对我友善。be from 来自于例句：The lovely girl is from Class 6. Her name is Alice. 这个可爱的女孩来自6班。她的名字叫爱丽丝。（北京中考）用法：意思上等同于come from。be full of 充满着例句：Our new school life will be full of fun.我们的新学校生活将充满着乐趣。（南通中考）辨析：be full of 侧重于状态 be filled with 侧重于动作和装的东西be going to 打算（计划）做某事例句：The examination is over,what are you going to do tomorrow?考试要结束了，明天你打算做什么？（河南中考）be good at善于，擅长例句：I find that Im not good at writing compositions.我发现我不擅长写作文。（咸宁中考）be good for 对有益 ；对有帮助例句：Enough sleep is good for health.充足的睡眠对身体有益。（哈尔滨中考）用法：其反义词为be bad for 对有害。be in agreement 意见一致例句：We are in agreement with their decision. 我们同意他们的决定。be interested in 对感兴趣例句：She is interested in science and good at it. 她对科学感兴趣并且擅长于此。（安徽中考）be late for 迟到例句：Dont be late for your interview, or you wont get the job.面试不要迟到,否则你就得不到工作了。be like像例句：Could you imagine what the world would be like ？你能想象世界将会是哪样吗？be lost迷路；丢失例句：My little dog is lost.All of my friends are helping me to look for it.我的狗丢了。我所有的朋友在帮我找它。（吉林中考）be mad at 生的气例句：My mother is mad at me because I didnt finish my homework.因为我没有完成家庭作业我妈妈对我很生气。（内江中考）用法：程度比be angry with 要深一些。be made of 由制成的例句：The floor was made of wooden blocks. 地板是用木块拼成的。辨析：be made of “由构成”，能看出原材料。 be made from “由构成、制成成品”，被制成的东西看不出原材料或发生的是化学变化。 be made in 于制造，指的是产地。be on 上映；上演；处于状态例句：These pictures will be on show next week. 下周将公开展出这些画。be pleased to 高兴做某事例句：Im so pleased to meet you.很高兴见到你。（上海中考） be pleased with 对感到满意例句：You might be very pleased with the results.你应该对结果非常满意。（孝感中考）用法：与be satisfied with 同义。be popular (受）欢迎例句：Professor Smith is popular among the students. 史密斯教授很受学生的欢迎。be proud of 为而自豪/骄傲例句：Be proud of what youve achieved.为你取得的成就自豪吧!be ready for 为准备例句：We will be ready for helping you at all times.我们时刻准备帮你。（无锡中考）辨析：be ready for 强调状态，准备好了。 get ready for 强调动作，为作准备。be short for 是的缩写；是的简称例句：WTO is short for World Trade Organization.WTO是世界贸易组织的缩写。be short of 缺乏例句：We are short of time. I must ask you to be brief. 时间不够，所以我必须请你发言简短些。be similar to 与相像例句：My new dress is similar to the one you have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。be sorry for 为而难过；为而不安例句：Never give up, or youll be sorry for yourself!不轻言放弃,否则对不起自己!be strict with对要求严格例句：The coach must be strict with the players.教练一定要对球员严格要求。辨析：be strict with 后加表示人的名词或代词。 be strict in 后加事物。be suitable for 对合适例句：Packing should be suitable for sea voyage.包装要适合于海运。be supposed to 应该；被期望做某事例句：What time will we be supposed to arrive there.我们应该什么时候到达那里。be sure about 确信；对有把握例句：To cross the river,one has to be sure about stones at the bottom.摸着石头过河。用法：主语为人，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 图 16be sure 肯定例句： He is sure to call you up. 他准会给你打电话的。（中山中考）辨析：be sure of 侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑； be sure about 侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。 be sure to do 表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必定”、“必然会”、“准会”如何如何。be surprised at 对感到惊奇例句：I was surprised at the trees that grew quite well.我惊讶于树长得很好。（宜昌中考）be surprised to 惊奇地做某事例句：They were surprised to find that hed already left.他们惊奇地发现他已经走了。be terrified of 极度恐惧的；非常害怕的例句：Lily is very shy and she is always terrified of speaking. 莉莉非常害羞她一直害怕演讲。（重庆中考）be tired from 因.而疲倦例句： His father was tired