大学英语精读2U3.ppt

Unit ThreeMy First Job1精选Todays Objectives1.Get to know the background information:2.types of schools in Britain&job interviews2.Discuss the authors experience of his first job interview3.Grasp the key language points:some words&phrases 2Outline Warm-up ActivityBackground Information Text AnalysisLanguage PointsUseful ExpressionSummary WritingConcluding RemarksHomework3精选Warm-up Activity1.Have you ever taken a full-time or part-time job?If the answer is yes,what kind of a job was it?uhome teacherusalespersonuwaiter or waitressutranslator 4精选Warm-up Activity2.Why do you want to take a part-time job?(its advantages)l to earn some pocket money l to gain some working experiencel to develop the communicative and cooperative skills5精选Warm-up Activity3.What are the disadvantages for college students to take a part-time job?l consume too much time and effortl lead to our less interest in studiesIt may6精选Warm-up Activity4.What kinds of things will you pay attention to in hunting a job?l high salaryl working conditionsl the opportunity for promotionl bring a persons talent into full playl stability of the jobSuch as:7精选Background Information1.Types of Schools in Britain 2.Job Interviews8精选Background Information1.Types of Schools in Britain Childrens education in England is normally divided into two separate stages.They begin with primary education at the age of five and this usually lasts until they are eleven.Then they move to secondary schools,where they stay until they reach sixteenseventeen or eighteen years of age.9精选Background Information The main categories of school are:llocal authority maintained schools.(State Schools)Free to all children between the ages of 5-16 lIndependent Schools.(Private/Public Schools)Parents pay for their childrens education.10精选Background Information1)State Schools2)State schools are run by the government and parents do not pay.They are financed by public funds,which means that the money 3)comes from the 4)national and local 5)taxes.In the UK,93%6)of the children in 7)England and Wales 8)go to“state schools”.Nottingham High School11精选Background Information2)Independent Schools3)7%of the children in England go to independent schools.Independent schools are known as private schools or public schools.Parents pay for their children to attend these schools.Eton College12精选Background Information2.Job InterviewsWhen people in the West look for a job,they usually follow the following procedures:Civil Servant Interview13精选Background Information1)Read the“Want Ads”in newspapers or on the Internet for suitable vacancies(空缺空缺);A Want Advertisement14精选Background Information2)The contact person(联系人联系人),either the3)employer himself or a representative of his,will advise the applicant(申请人申请人)about the job if it has not yet been taken,and grant(给予给予)the applicant an interview if he or she chooses to.Occasionally an interview may take place by phone,but most often the contact person would want to see the 4)applicant in person(当面当面);15精选Background Information3)If an interview is granted,the applicant will be asked many questions both personal and professional so that the employer can decide whether or not the applicant is suitable for the job.The applicant may also ask questions as he or she,too,must make sure whether the job is suitable for him or her.16精选1.It is no use doing what you like;you have got to like what you do.Winston Churchill,British prime minister不能爱哪行才干哪行，不能爱哪行才干哪行，要干哪行爱哪行。要干哪行爱哪行。英国首相英国首相 温斯顿温斯顿 邱吉尔邱吉尔 2.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。世上无难事，只怕有心人。Famous Sayings17精选3Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者，事竟成。有志者，事竟成。4.Great works are performed not by strength,but by perseverance.Samuel Johnson,British writer and critic完成伟大的事业不在于体力，完成伟大的事业不在于体力，而在于坚韧不拔而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。的毅力。-英国作家和评论家英国作家和评论家 S.约翰逊约翰逊 Famous Sayings18精选 Text Structure:3 minutes to scan the text and finish the following part.My FirstJobPart I:Para _Part II:Para _Part III:Para _The reason why the young man wanted to find a job.His disappointing experience of the interview.His final decision to take the job or not.12 89Text Analysis19精选Exercise A:Read through the first part,and choose the bestanswer to complete the following statements.Global Reading1)The author applied for the teaching post because _.a.he wanted to gain some experience in teaching b.he had a good mind to move to the suburbs for a change c.he needed money and wanted to do something useful d.he wanted to get a degreeC (para1,line 3)20精选Global Reading2)When the author applied for the job,he thought that _.a.it would help him in getting a degree b.he had little hope of getting it c.he was the right person for it d.he had a good chance of getting itb (para1,line 4-5)21精选Global ReadingExercise B:Read through the second part and decide whether the following statements about the text are true or false.22精选True or False1.When the young man arrived at the school for the interview,he felt very nervous.(F)(Para 2,Line 8-9)As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.2.The headmaster was not satisfied at the first sight of the young man.(T)(Para 5,Line 16-17)He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval,as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.23精选True or False3.The young man thought that the headmaster used his study as a dining-room because the headmaster was eating there when he arrived.(F)(Line 19-20)His study,judging by the crumbs on the carpet,was also his dining-room.24精选True or False4.The headmaster believed that games were very important to a boys education.(T)(Para 3,Line 23-27)he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boys education.I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them.He grunted.I had said the wrong thing.The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common.25精选True or False5.The young man would have to teach all the subjects in the school.(F)(Para 6,Line 29-30)I should have to teach all subjects except art,which he taught himself.6.The idea of Saturday afternoon cricket was even more discouraging because the young man was incompetent with it.(F)(Para 6,Line 35-37)Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket;most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.26精选Exercise C Discussion 1.Did the young man accept the job at the end of the story?Why or why not?No,he didnt.There were two reasons.The first reason was that the teaching set-up（体制）was too heavy.The second and the more important one is that he didnt want to be an inferior to（劣于）a woman.Global Reading27精选Globe Reading4Which word would you use,if you are asked to use an adjective to describe Michaels experience of his first job interview?Exercise D:Global Reading28精选Find out the words showing Michaels disappointment before and during the interview.awkward journey;too depressed to feel nervous;struggle to survive;short and fat;with an air of surprised disapproval;as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlace were undone;The narrow,sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage;then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes;He grunted.;I was dismayed at;Worse perhaps was the ideaBefore I could protest;This was the last straw;the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.29精选Language Points1.apply2.prove3.depress4.smell petent9.salary30精选Language Points1.apply(Para1,L4):vi.1)write or ask for(a job,membership,etc.)officially 申请，请求申请，请求 He has applied for a post in England.他已申请在英国供职。他已申请在英国供职。翻译：翻译：John于上周向那所著名的大学提交了工作申请。于上周向那所著名的大学提交了工作申请。Last week John applied to that famous university for a job.注意：注意：apply for(a post/job)apply to(a place)for(a post/job)31精选Language Points2)have an effect on or concern a person,group,or situation:起作用，适用于起作用，适用于(apply to)The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.安全驾驶条例适用于每个人安全驾驶条例适用于每个人翻译：这条规定只适用于翻译：这条规定只适用于60岁以上的人群岁以上的人群This rule only applies to people above 60.32精选Language Points apply:vt 1)use or put into use 应用应用 We should apply a theory to practice.我们应该把理论应用到实践当中。我们应该把理论应用到实践当中。翻译：新技术现在几乎应用到了各个工业领域。翻译：新技术现在几乎应用到了各个工业领域。New technology is being _ _.2)devote(oneself or ones efforts)to something (后常接后常接oneself)使致力于，使专心从事使致力于，使专心从事 I have applied myself to my studies since I failed to pass the exam last semester.applied to almost every industrial area33精选Language Points2.prove(Para2,L2):v.turn out to be 证明证明 patterns:prove+n.;prove+(to be)adj.;prove+that-clause;prove to sb.+that-clause;1)prove+n.He proved_.他证明了是个很有用的朋友。他证明了是个很有用的朋友。2)prove+adj.The rumor proved_.流言证明是真实的。流言证明是真实的。a very useful friend(to be)true34精选Language Points3)prove+that-clause It is impossible to prove_.人们无法证明上帝的存在。人们无法证明上帝的存在。4)prove to sb.+that-clause Ill prove to the world that I was right.我将向世人证明我是对的。我将向世人证明我是对的。that God exists35精选3.depress(Para2,L9)vt.Language Points1)make sad;discourage 使沮丧使沮丧2)e.g.:He was depressed because he had not passed3)his examinations.4)他很沮丧，因为他没有通过考试。他很沮丧，因为他没有通过考试。5)翻译：翻译：Wet weather _.6)(总使我心情抑郁）总使我心情抑郁）7)2)press,push or pull down 按，压，下拉按，压，下拉always depresses me e.g.:The worker depressed the lever（控制杆（控制杆）to start the machine.工人压下控制杆开动机器。工人压下控制杆开动机器。36精选Language Points3)make lower 降低，减少降低，减少4）make trade,business,etc.less active 使萧条，使不景气使萧条，使不景气e.g.:The OPEC countries depressed their oil output a month ago.e.g.:The recession has depressed the housing market.一个月前，石油输出国组织降低了其石油产量。一个月前，石油输出国组织降低了其石油产量。经济衰退导致了住房市场不景气。经济衰退导致了住房市场不景气。37精选Language Points4.smell(Para5,L3)vi.用法：用法：1)smell+adj.:something has a particular smell.e.g:The milk smells sour.牛奶有酸味了。牛奶有酸味了。翻译：翻译：汤闻起来很香。汤闻起来很香。That soup smells delicious.38精选Language Points2)smell of+sth.:has a particular smell of something.e.g:The new house smells of fresh paint.这新房子有股未干的油漆气味。这新房子有股未干的油漆气味。翻译：翻译：房间里一股烟味房间里一股烟味 The room smells of cigarettes.3)smell at:嗅，闻嗅，闻 She smelled at the flower.39精选Language Pointssmell vt.to notice or recognize a particular smell 嗅出，闻出嗅出，闻出 I think I smelled chocolate.我想我闻到了巧克力的味道。我想我闻到了巧克力的味道。I could smell that the milk wasnt fresh.smell n.气味气味 I opened the window to get rid of the smell of beer and cigarettes.翻译：房间里充满了酒精的味道。翻译：房间里充满了酒精的味道。The smell of alcohol filled the room.40精选Language Points5.stale(Para5,L3):adj.1)not fresh 不新鲜不新鲜 Dont eat those stale biscuits.别吃那些发霉的饼干。别吃那些发霉的饼干。翻译：翻译：这些圆白菜已经变坏了。这些圆白菜已经变坏了。These cabbages have gone stale.41精选Language Points2)no longer interesting or exciting 陈旧的，无新意陈旧的，无新意的的 We have heard all these stale old jokes long before.翻译：翻译：他们的婚姻已了无热情。他们的婚姻已了无热情。Their marriage_.had gone stale42精选Language PointsCollocation:feel/get stalego stalestale jokestale newsstale check对对没兴趣没兴趣变得不新鲜变得不新鲜陈旧的笑话陈旧的笑话过时消息过时消息过期支票过期支票43精选6.attach(Para5,L25）vt.1)consider sth.to be important or significant;treat as important 认为认为重要，有意义；重视重要，有意义；重视2)翻译：翻译：我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。We should_ _.2)attach sth(to sth):to fasten or join one thing to another 把把固定，把固定，把附（在附（在上）上）e.g:Attach a recent photograph to your application form.Language Pointsattach primary importance to the development of economy44精选Language PointsCollocation:attach oneself toattach toattached,please find依附依附;参加参加(党派等党派等);热爱热爱,依恋依恋认为有认为有(重要性、意义等重要性、意义等);归因归因于于,适用于适用于 书信用语书信用语附上附上请查收请查收45精选Language Points7.consist(Para6,L1):vi.1)consist of=be made up of e.g:The cake consists mainly of sugar,flour and butter.这块蛋糕主要由糖，面粉和黄油做成的。这块蛋糕主要由糖，面粉和黄油做成的。翻译：翻译：大学由教师大学由教师,行政人员和学生组成。行政人员和学生组成。A university consists of teachers,administrators and students.46精选Language Points2）consist in:based on or depend upon something 在于，存在于在于，存在于 e.g:The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors.这幅画的美在于其色彩的调和这幅画的美在于其色彩的调和翻译：翻译：快乐在于满足一个人所拥快乐在于满足一个人所拥有的东西。有的东西。Happiness consists in being contented with what one has.47精选Language Points注意：注意：consist 不能用被动形式和进行时不能用被动形式和进行时CF:consist compose comprise constitute以下这些动词均含以下这些动词均含“组成，构成组成，构成”之意之意48精选Language Pointsconsist：与与 of 连用，不用被动态，指一个整体由几个部分组连用，不用被动态，指一个整体由几个部分组 成，或由某些材料构成。例如：成，或由某些材料构成。例如：New York City consists of five boroughs.纽约市由五个行政区组成。纽约市由五个行政区组成。compose:正式用词，多用被动态。指将两个或两个以上的人或正式用词，多用被动态。指将两个或两个以上的人或 物放到一起形成一个整体。例如：物放到一起形成一个整体。例如：Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.水是由氢和氧组合而成的。水是由氢和氧组合而成的。49精选Language Pointscomprise:正式用词，指整体是由几个独立的部分所组成。正式用词，指整体是由几个独立的部分所组成。例如：例如：1)The United States comprises fifty states.美国有五十个州。美国有五十个州。包含，包括包含，包括)2)The citys population is largely comprised of Asians and Europeans.城市的居民主要由亚洲人和欧洲人组成。城市的居民主要由亚洲人和欧洲人组成。(由由组成组成)3)Fifty States comprise the United States.五十个州组成了美国。五十个州组成了美国。(构成构成)50精选Language Pointsconstitute:正式用词，指由某些部分组成一个整体或构成某正式用词，指由某些部分组成一个整体或构成某 物的基本成分，在句中，主语表示事物的组成部物的基本成分，在句中，主语表示事物的组成部 分，宾语表示事物的整体。分，宾语表示事物的整体。例如：例如：1)The committee is constituted of members of all three parties.委员会由三个政党的成员组成委员会由三个政党的成员组成。2)This move constitutes an act of aggression.这一举动构成了侵略行为。这一举动构成了侵略行为。51精选Language PointsIn summary,we could say:The United States consists of/is made up of/is composed of/comprises fifty states.and:Fifty states make up/comprise/constitute the United States.Grammar:These words are not used in progressive tenses in these meanings.52精选Language Ppetent:adj.good enough at doing sth.,skillful 有能力的，胜任的有能力的，胜任的be competent for sth.(doing sth.);be competent+to v.;be competent as sth.;be competent at/in sth.e.g.:She is competent for her work.Pattern:Is he competent as an accountant?Mary is competent in her field.53精选Language Pointscompetent的反义词是的反义词是incompetent，意为意为“无能力的，不能胜任的无能力的，不能胜任的”。incompetent的名词形式为的名词形式为incompetence，意为意为“不称职不称职”翻译：翻译：他因不称职而遭辞退。他因不称职而遭辞退。e.g.:He is an incompetent candidate.他是一个不合格的候选人。他是一个不合格的候选人。He was dismissed for incompetence.54精选Language Points9.salary(Para8,L1):n.fixed(usually monthly)pay for regular work 工资，薪水工资，薪水e.g:He gets a good salary,but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.他工资很高，可是他老是从朋友那里借钱后不还。他工资很高，可是他老是从朋友那里借钱后不还。翻译：翻译：他终于在一家薪水高的公司里找到他终于在一家薪水高的公司里找到 一份工作。一份工作。He finally got a job in a company paying good salaries.55精选Language PointsCF:以下几个名词都可表示以下几个名词都可表示“工资，收入工资，收入”之意之意 salary wage pay fees56精选Language Pointssalary:salary is paid to someone once a month,especially to professional people,managers etc and usually goes directly into their bank account.e.g:a salary of$100,000 a year (注：指按年定下，按月平均给予的报酬，一般指脑力注：指按年定下，按月平均给予的报酬，一般指脑力 劳动者的薪水。劳动者的薪水。)wages:wages are paid weekly,usually in the form of coins and notes,especially to people whose job is not professional,or in management etc.e.g:Wages at the cannery(罐头厂罐头厂)are very low.(注：注：wage多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报 酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。)57精选Language Pointspay:money given to someone in return for work is called pay.e.g:Truck drivers are demanding higher pay.(注：是个通用词，可取代注：是个通用词，可取代salary与与wage。)fee:a fee is money that some professions charge for a particular service they have done.e.g:Im afraid I cant afford the doctors fee.tuition fees(学费学费)(注：指提供某种服务收取的固定费用。注：指提供某种服务收取的固定费用。)58精选Language PointsDirections:Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where necessary.1.Tax and insurance are deducted from your_