初中英语状语从句讲解跟练习.doc

状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
I will give you the information as soon as I get it.
　Once you start to smoke, it is hard to give it up.
在时间和条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态：
　　Tell him as soon as he arrives. 他一来就告诉他。(不能用will arrive)
　　I won’t go if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨，我就不去。(不能用will rain)
　　有时也可见到 if you will 这样的说法，但那不是将来时态，而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(此时的 will是情态动词)：
　　If you will wait a moment, I’ll fetch the money. 请等一下，我就去拿钱。

状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等：
　　When she saw it, she turned red. 她看到它时脸红了。(时间状语从句)
　　He was angry because I was late. 他很生气因为我迟到了。 (原因状语从句)
　　If you come, he抣l be pleased. 如果你来，他会高兴的。(条件状语从句)
　　He was so angry that he couldn’t speak. 他气得话都说不出来。(结果状语从句)
　　Although he is poor, he’s happy. 虽然穷，但他仍很快乐。(让步状语从句)
　　You must do as I tell you. 你必须按我告诉你的去做。(方式状语从句)
　　Put it where you can reach it. 把它放在你可以拿到的地方。(地点状语从句)
　　Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 讲清楚些，以便他们能理解你。(目的状语从句)
注意until句型，
1、not ..until句型，是直到...才做某事(do sth )。这里的动词要用短暂性动词。
2、unitl句型。这里的动作要用延续性动词。
when引导时间状语从句表示主句动作已发生。while引导时间状语从句表示主句动作正在进行。
尽管 as 和 while 均可用作从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，但两者有一个重要区别，就是这样用的 as 从句的谓语不能是状态动词。
初二下册英语语法专项练习——状语从句（一）
一、单项选择
1．_________ you eat bad food, you may be ill.
A． Before　 　B．Until C．If　 　 D．Which
2．We won’t have our sports meeting if it _________ tomorrow.
A．rains　　　　B．will rain C．rained　　 　D．rain
3．He _________ wait until the rain _________ .
A．won’t, will stop　　 B．won’t, stop C．will, stops　　　D．will, will stop
4．As soon as Jane _________ here, I’ll post the letter to Mike.
A．leave　　　 B．will leave C．leaves　 　　D．left
5．It was already five o’clock _________ we got home.
A．when　　　 B．while C．because　　　 D．if
6．—I’m going to the post office.
　 —________ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?
A．As　　　 B．While C．Because　 D．If
7．Joan and Mary haven’t seen each other_______they left school five years ago.
A．as　 B．before C．after　　　D．since
8．I will let you know about it as soon as I _________ the news.
A．will get　 　 B．gets C．got　 　D．get
9．________ you don’t hurry up, you ________ the train.
A．When, miss　　 B．If, will miss C．When, will miss　　　D．If, miss
10．The boy always spends his time _________ speaking English.
A．to practice　　 B．practice C．practicing　 　D．practices
11．You’d better not read today’s newspaper because there is ________ in it.
A．something interesting　　 B．anything new C．important thing　　 D．nothing special
12． he _______ look at a map?
A．Does, need　 　 B．Need, to C．Does, need to　 　D．Needs, to
13．The policeman told the little boy _______ football in the street．It’s dangerous.
A．not play　　　 B．not playing C．not to play　　 D．to play
14．Harry Potter is an _______ book for children, but my cousin doesn’t seem at all ________ in it.
A．interesting; interesting B．interested; interested
C．interesting; interested D．interested; interesting
15．He likes _______, but he doesn’t like _______ today because it is too cold.
A．to swim; swimming　 B．to swim; to swim
C．swimming; to swim　 D．swimming, swimming
二、用方框中的单词填空
When\ before\ after \as\ since\ while\ until \as soon as
1．Mum was making cookies in the kitchen ________the telephone rang.
2．I was watching TV ________ my wife was cooking.
3．He had worked in a factory for two years he went to college.
4．I shall play chess with you ________ I finish watching TV.
5．He didn’t get to the airport ________ it was dark.
6．She sang ________ she went along.
7．I haven’t heard from him ________ he went to America.
8．We found the books two days ________ he had gone away.
as 表示伴随的状态，且前后时态一致。
有下列常见的问句，作为从句出现，是“不改变语句顺序”的。
1.What's the matter?
2.What's wrong ?
3.What's up
4.What's the problem?
5.What's your trouble?
初二下册英语语法专项练习——状语从句（二）
一、单项选择
1．We’ll stay at home if it _______ tomorrow.
A．rain　　　 B．rains C．is raining　　 　D．will rain
2．We didn’t go home ________ we finished the work.
A．since　　 B．until C．because　　 D．though
3．She _______ when I went to see her.
A．is reading　　　B．have read C．was reading　　 　D．reads
4．_______ the rain stops, we’ll set off for the station.
A．Before　 B．Unless C．As soon as　 　D．Though
5．She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.
A．visit　　　B．paying a visit C．walk in　　　D．walking in
6．Mr. White hoped he _______ China the next year.
A．would visit　　　B．will visit C．visited　　　 D．has visited
7．I told him that the sun _______ in the east.
A．rises　　 B．rose C．has risen　　 D．was rising
8．She was _______ tired _______ she could not move an inch.
A．so, that　　　　B．such, that C．very, that　　　D．so, as
9．He was sentenced to death ________ what he had stolen from the bank.
A．that　　　B．since C．because　　 D．because of
10．I didn’t know what ________.
A．was the matter　 　B．is the matter C．matter was　　 D．the matter is
11．I couldn’t agree with ________ at the meeting.
A．that you said　　 B．which you said C．what did you say　 　D．what you said
12．The bad man ran away to avoid ________ and was finally put into prison.
A．seeing　　 B．to be seen C．being seen　 　D．to be caught
13．Everyone except Jim and Jack ________.
A．know who is he 　B．know who he is C．knows who is he　　 D．knows who he is
14． ________ she was very tired, she went on working.
A．As　　　B．Although C．Even　　　D．In spite of
15．It is ten years ________ I left my hometown.
A．since　　 　B．if C．whether　 　D．until
16．Could you tell us ________ Mr. Brown lives in Room 202？
A．that　　　 B．where C．until　　　D．if
17．I learned a little Russian ________ I was at middle school.
A．though　　 B．although C．as if　　　D．when
18．I don’t know ________ or not it will rain tomorrow.
A．that　　 　B．when C．if　　　 D．whether
19．—Why is their classroom so clean and tidy？
—_______ it is cleaned every day.
A．Since　　　 B．As C．Because　　　 D．For
20．Can you tell me ________ is going to give us a talk next Monday？
A．who　 　　B．whom C．whose　 　D．what
in spite of：尽管，虽然合题意，但是of是介词，后面要跟名词，而本句是个句子
二、用所给的词填空
because, until, after, but, if, so, before, when , though, since, what, and
1．I’ll go there by bike ________ it is fine tomorrow.
2．He didn’t go home ________ he finished the work.
3．I have learned a lot ________ I came to this country.
4．He went shopping yesterday, ________ bought nothing.
5．He didn’t tell me anything ________ he left.
6．I didn’t buy the dictionary yesterday ________ my aunt said that she would give me one.
7．________ we said“Goodbye”to the farmers, we left the farm for school.
8．________ Mrs. Turner passed the street corner, she saw the accident clearly.
9．________ the story is short and there are no new words in it, it’s difficult to understand.
10．They ran to the teacher together ________ gave the flowers to her.
11．You should do ________ the teacher told you.
12．I was ill yesterday, ________ I didn’t go to school.
not...until直到...才后面要用完成时，如果选A应该是：
He didnt tell me anything until he had left!
他直到离开以后才告诉我。
3、通过活动，使学生养成博览群书的好习惯。
B比率分析法和比较分析法不能测算出各因素的影响程度。√
C采用约当产量比例法，分配原材料费用与分配加工费用所用的完工率都是一致的。Ｘ
C采用直接分配法分配辅助生产费用时，应考虑各辅助生产车间之间相互提供产品或劳务的情况。错
C产品的实际生产成本包括废品损失和停工损失。√
C成本报表是对外报告的会计报表。×
C成本分析的首要程序是发现问题、分析原因。×
C成本会计的对象是指成本核算。×
C成本计算的辅助方法一般应与基本方法结合使用而不单独使用。√
C成本计算方法中的最基本的方法是分步法。X
D当车间生产多种产品时，“废品损失”、“停工损失”的借方余额，月末均直接记入该产品的产品成本
中。×
D定额法是为了简化成本计算而采用的一种成本计算方法。×
F“废品损失”账户月末没有余额。√
F废品损失是指在生产过程中发现和入库后发现的不可修复废品的生产成本和可修复废品的修复费用。Ｘ
F分步法的一个重要特点是各步骤之间要进行成本结转。(√)
G各月末在产品数量变化不大的产品，可不计算月末在产品成本。错
G工资费用就是成本项目。(×)
G归集在基本生产车间的制造费用最后均应分配计入产品成本中。对
J计算计时工资费用，应以考勤记录中的工作时间记录为依据。(√)
J简化的分批法就是不计算在产品成本的分批法。(×)
J简化分批法是不分批计算在产品成本的方法。对
J加班加点工资既可能是直接计人费用，又可能是间接计人费用。√
J接生产工艺过程的特点，工业企业的生产可分为大量生产、成批生产和单件生产三种，X
K可修复废品是指技术上可以修复使用的废品。错
K可修复废品是指经过修理可以使用，而不管修复费用在经济上是否合算的废品。Ｘ
P品种法只适用于大量大批的单步骤生产的企业。×
Q企业的制造费用一定要通过“制造费用”科目核算。Ｘ
Q企业职工的医药费、医务部门、职工浴室等部门职工的工资，均应通过“应付工资”科目核算。Ｘ
S生产车间耗用的材料，全部计入“直接材料”成本项目。Ｘ
S适应生产特点和管理要求，采用适当的成本计算方法，是成本核算的基础工作。(×)
W完工产品费用等于月初在产品费用加本月生产费用减月末在产品费用。对
Y“预提费用”可能出现借方余额，其性质属于资产，实际上是待摊费用。对
Y引起资产和负债同时减少的支出是费用性支出。X
Y以应付票据去偿付购买材料的费用，是成本性支出。X
Y原材料分工序一次投入与原材料在每道工序陆续投入，其完工率的计算方法是完全一致的。Ｘ
Y运用连环替代法进行分析，即使随意改变各构成因素的替换顺序，各因素的影响结果加总后仍等于指标的总差异，因此更换各因索替换顺序，不会影响分析的结果。(×)
Z在产品品种规格繁多的情况下，应该采用分类法计算产品成本。对
Z直接生产费用就是直接计人费用。X
Z逐步结转分步法也称为计列半成品分步法。√

A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用，“制造费用”账户月末(可能有月末余额/可能有借方余额/可能有贷方余额/可能无月末余额)。
A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用的方法适用于(季节性生产企业)