写作教程1-答案.doc

Unit One
Part V Follow-up Exercises
1.
a.mouse-hearted: →chicken-hearted
b.politician: →statesman
c.wind:→breeze
d.utilize: →drink
e.ascertaining: →finding
f.was bombarded with→received a lot of
g.opened→drew back
h.contain→accommodate
i.habits→customs

2. The writer’s attitude changes from negative to positive in each pair of sentences.

3.(1)___(4) experienced, elapsed, attempting, with
(5)___(8) take up, made, endeavor, true

4. a. The state attorney said that the man would be prosecuted.
b. We suppose that a feferee should be disinterested but not uninterested.
c. Tony can hit a ball farther than I can.
e. The principles behind our constitution are a principal reason for its astounding success.
f. All the band instruments except the tuba will be carried to the auditorium for the music contest.
g. The federal government comprises the legislative, judicial, and executive branches.
h.The whole region was struck by an economic disaster.
i.(correct)
j. He was awake to the risk.

5. The first line: principle→principal
The second line: stationary → stationery
The fourth line: adopted → adapted
The fifth line : effect → affect
The sixth line: economic →economical; self-conscience→self-conscious
The seventh line: disinterested→uninterested
The ninth line: credible → credulous
The eleventh line: continuously → continually

6. a. is
b. is expected
c. has
d.was/is
e. is
f. was
g. plan
h. are
i. were

j. varu
k.improves
l.becomes
m. is
n. is
o. have

Answer to Unit 2

2. Translate the following Chinese idioms into English and see if they are literally translated
a. play a minor role
b. That’s Greek to me.
c. belated action/advice
d. Where there is smoke, there is fire.

e. an evil creature
f. walk into the trap
g. one’s face glowing with health
3. Delete unnecessary words or repeated meaning in the sentences below and make improvemnents. Then compare the two versions and see how the two differ.
a. We must practice economy. /We must reduce unnecessary expenditures.
b. It is essential to control environmental pollution.
c. We must arrive at the station on time.
d. Financial wxpenditures should be arranged in order of priority.
e. We should speed up constructions of urban housing so as to improve the housing condition.
f. To be allowed to make profits, private capital has to meet two conditions：1) the profits must be legal, and 2)they must not be excessive.
g. During the period of the Tenth Five-Year Plan we must never neglect grain production. Instead,m we must steadily increase it.
4. Reference version|
In feudal China, women had low social status, and were regarded as inferior to men. Thanks to the women’s liberation movement, women have achieved equal status with men, which is established by the law. But in fact, they still can’t enjoy equal rights with men.
At home, wives are expected to do all the housework, which is obviously unfair.Husband and wife should share the housework and family responsibilities. But in some families husbands usually get angry when they find the cleaning or cooking unfinished by their wives. One can’t help wondering why they don’t it by themselves.
I think women should be spiritually and financially independent if they want real equality. In order to do that , they have to learn as much as men so as to find a good job. Appearance is no longer important to women. It is their ability that can bring them a good job rather than their appearance. So I think the best way for women to win more rights is to receive good education.
5. a._____e ：me, who, I, me/myself
f._____j ：each other’s, who, us, whom, us, whom, Some
k______n ：one’s, his, his; his, his
6. a. We are all born into this world as equals, but for various reasons, not all of us are treated as equals. This inequality begins when we reach the age of five, for this is when we will enter elementary school. In school, we are no longer “Mommy’s little darling.” We now have to prove ourselves to the other children and also to our teacher., If we seem different from the other students, we are treatred differently, and these differnces could be anything: pants, shoes, speech, religion and so forth. Rigtht from the start, we think that as long as we are different, there is something wrong with us.
b. There are those who assume that since I can’t see, I obviously cannot hear.Very often people will talk with me at the top ot their lungs, uttering each word very carefully. On the other hand, people will also often whisper, assuming that since my eyes don’t work, my ears don’t either. For example, when I go to the airport and ask the ticket agent for assistance to the plane, he or she will invariably pick ud the phone, call a ground hostess and whisper:
“Hi, Jane, we’ve got a 76 here.” I have concluded that the word “ blind” is not used for one of two reasonsLeither they fear that if the dread word is spoken, the ticket agent’retina will detach, or they are reluctant to inform me of my condition of which I may not have been previously aware.

Unit 3 Part V
1. a. When I was aggigned a certain task, I did it to my best ability.
b. Fog can cause blindness.
c. Recently I joined a social club which raises money for the care of needy children, and we meet every Wednesday afternoon.
d. An essay should be understandable to the reader.
e. Many items are expensive at discount stores.
f. Bears that have just come out of hibernation are usually hungry and dangerous.
g. The author should have shortened the story by half.
h. The city’s enviromnmentalsurroundings are not the most comfortable.
i. I learned certain facts that I believe are vital to every freshman.

2. a. simmer: cook food fently at or just below boiling point.
saute: fry quickly in a little hot fat
bake: cook by using diret heat in an oven
b. Other verbs about cooking include roast, steam, braise, fry, dee-fry, boil, poach, scramble, grill, stew, curry, baste, barbecue.
3. a. For dinner we had barbecued steaks and sweet corn.
b. Last week my brother John joined an insurance company.
c.He is not a friendly and easy-goibg colleague
d. Our view of the sea at sunset was splendid/breathtaking.
e. It was a fine day to play outdoors.
f. What impressed me most about the city was the hustle and buslte in the streets.

4. There are seize, hurl, choke, blind,m leap, flee, etc.
5.a. I admire Jenny’s long black glossy hair so much..
b.The fearless explorer finally landed at the South Pole.
c. Fast driving on a smooth road can be great fun.
d. John and I often wrote each other long e-mails full of jokes.
e. The pale skinny woman fainted suddenly.

6. a. I invited the vistiting professor to the English Club.
b. Shooting stars warn us of catastrophe.
c. The deleted sentence was unnecessary.
d. Stephanie tiptoed up the carpeted steps.
e. The students attending the art school are highly active.
f. The taped dollar bill split in half.
g. Amy was the only winning contestant who was below 10.
h. The freshly painted house shone in the sun.
7. a. indescribably b. dark c. occasional d. steadily e. surely, bad f. terribly
8. a. At his mother’s request, he agreed to wait at least a year before getting married.
b.Half of the girls in town were in love with Ben, but he wanted to marry Christine only.
c. Hohn hopes that in the years to come he can be as successful as his father has been.
d. The winter of the contest ate almost three soxen frankfurters.
e. Debbie knew that chicken when fried always please Ed.
f. May could not resist the temptation to whisper in her friend’s ear about what she has seen.

Unit 4 Part V Follow_Up Exercise
1. a. I can see the Central Park frim my window..
b. He insisted on seeing the manager, only to anger the saleswoman.
c. I has to control my urge to laugh at his predicament.
d. We must contimue measuring and assessing children’s performance.
e. A presidential commission has already investigated the causes of the nuclear accident.
f. Mary had to give up the plan to travel as far as Denver, because her money ran out while she was still in Chicago.

2. At the sound of a bell, I entered the huge red building along with hundreds of others. Just inside the entrance, a mean-looking old lady was yelling instructions at us. I clutched my lunchbox, and followed a crowd of six-year-olds down a long hallway, up some steps, and down another corridor. We were looking for Mrs. Nearing’s room. I knew we had reahed our destination when a tall, black-haired woman greeted me loudly. She asked me my name. Then she printed it on a sticky tag, pressed it to my chest. Inside the room I could see several other six-year-olds, some of them big. Finally Mrs. Nearing closed the classroom door and make a loud bang. A network of wires prevented the small pane of glass near the top from shattering. To my imagination, the wires looked like the bars in a prison. I was back in school.
3. As Prime Minister of Britain from 1940-1945, Churchill led his country through Workd War II, but immediately after the war he was voted out of office. Later he regained his position as prime minister. After he left that offie in 1955, he enjoyed great popularity for the rest of his life, and when he died in 1965, he was acclaimed as a national hero.
4. a. The trees stand nearly barren;their leaves lie on the ground.
b. The actor opens the Bible and begins reading the Song of Solomon.
c. The Puritans were in some ways severe, but they led lives of deep devotion to what they believed.
d. That experience taught me that family ties are the most enduring.
e. When their party came back to the camp site, ours had already arrived two hours earlier.
f. It seems a long time since we last met.
g. Sherry flew home, but her grandfather had already died.
h.I will visit you whenever I get the chance.
i. His mother insists that he return now.
j. If Siberia were in a warmer region, its population would be larger.
k. That bell sounds as though it were cracked.
l. It is important that he find a suitable job.

5. 1._____10 was attacked , robbed, was taken, released, spent, left, had promised, be, was
walking ,was attacked.

11______20 described, took, containing, was (just) turning, occurred, saw, was happening, rushed , ran, warn
21_______25 be , walk, had, commented, be

Unit 5 Follow-up Exercises

1. a. that her cat likes best
b. Who doesn’t like the sea
c. why we hate the writing class
d. you bought him as his birthday present
e.(No relative clause)
f. which is a western way to entertain friends and relatives
who prefer the western life style
g. I should ask for
h. where he was born 50 years ago
I. (No relative clause)
j.who was always telling me to be scrupulous

2.a. June 19th, 1978 was the day on which Garfied was born..
b.Mom’s kitchen was the place where Garfield was born.
c. Pirate and Masked Avenger are some of the nicknames that his friends give him.
d. Taking a long nap is the sport that Garfield kikes most.
e. Garfield himself is the person that he likes most.
f. Hunger is the pressure that Garfield hates most.
g.His glass is the friend that Garfield likes best.
h. Italian noodles are the food Garfield likes most.
i. Monday is the day that Garfield hates most.
j. Hotdog is the “dog” that Garfield likes most.
k. Coffee is the drink that Garfield likes most.
l.“There have never been Italian noodles that I don’t like”is a quotation that Garfield uses
most often.

3.Reference version:
But he didn’t like the big, deep pond. It was full of strange plants. The water- snails that were supposed to be polite were rude to him, and he was afraid of the ducks that always tried to swallow him. The fish which had been described as fine didn’t like him, and he was the smallest frog there. He found that he was living a lonely and unhappy life.
He sat on a broad water-lily leaf and croaked sadly to himself, “I don’t like it here. I think I will go back to my lovely tittle pond tomorrow.”
But just at this moment, a hungry heron flew down and swallowed him up for supper.

4. a. the old lady’s five kittens
b. her second marriage
c. all her blue French crystal wine cups
d. those two large shining diamond rings of yours
e. My three jazz records bought in the States/the three jazz records I bought in the Sates
f. half the delicious Ferman chocolate in the can
g. some Brazilian footballers playing abroad

5. Reference Version
Second, advertisements can improve the reputation ot the company. More and more companies have knoen that advertisements can hilp them, so they make use of advertisements. If everyone knows their products, the products will be very famous. More people will buy them and the company can get more money. If the products are really good, many people will use them and then this company will become famous. Therefore, advertisements can help the company get better reputation .答案

Unit Six Follow-up Exercises

1. a. missing, describing the boy
b. (No descriptive participle in this sentence)
c. holding , describing the magician
d.(No descriptive participle in this sentence)
e. sleeping, describing she
f. living, describing everybody
g.(No descriptive participle in this sentence)
i. knowing, describing I
j. (No descriptive participle in this sentence)

2.
Excerpt A
a. bringing (describing a 23-year-old Korean woman) to 15 the death toll
b. staying (describing a 47-year-old American man) in the southern port of Busan

Excerpt B
a. with doors locked(describing doors) and windows barred (describing windows)
b. turning (describing cafes) them into fire traps
c. aging (describing students) about 18 or 19

Excerpt C
d. responding(describing 7,000 people) to a major survey
e. released (describing the survey) at the international Aids conference in Barcelona

Excerpt D
f. affecting (describing heavy downpours) more than 15 million people
g. causing (describing flood) 22 deaths and 15,000 houses to collapse

3. A Wolf who had a bone stuck in his throat hired a Crane, for a large sum, to put her head into his mouth and draw out the bone. When the Crane had extracted the bone and demanded the promised payment, the Wolf, grinning and grining his teeth, exclaimed, “Why, you have surel already had a sufficient recompense, in having been permitted to draw out your head in safety from the mouth and jaws of a wolf.”

4. Important Points
Spiders destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.

We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by