高中英语考试阅读理解法宝——同义替换.docx

1.同义替换(1)名词担忧:worryconcern建议:suggestionproposal影响:influenceimpact目标:targetgoal, aim, purpose难题:problemissue机会:chanceopportunity垃圾:litterrubbish; garbage; trash 发 展: development advance, progress, growth, improvement住所:houseshelter困难:difficultybarrier, challenge, trouble人:peopleindividual, person, human优势:advantagevirtue, benefit, strength老人:old peoplethe aged, the elderly, the senior缺陷:disadvantagedrawback, weakness干旱:with no rain at alldrought方法:methodway, approach地区:districtzone, place, region, area财富,财产:wealthfortune, property高速公路:expresswayfreeway原因:reasonfactor故事:talestory好运:luckfortune渴望:eagernessdesire联系;关联:connectionlink革新:revolutioninnovation画像:pictureimage高兴:joyentertainment短缺:shortagelack(2)动词减轻:easerelieve提倡:proposeadvocate讨厌:hatedislike, be fed up with, be bored with鼓励,激发:encouragemotivate对感兴趣:be interested inbe caught up in, be crazy about, be fond of, be attracted to阻止:preventstop充分利用:make full use ofmake the most/best of, take advantage of相似:look likeresemble完成:accomplishachieve, finish抵挡:stand up toresist, oppose处理:deal withhandle采取措施:take actiontake measures, take steps加速:speed upaccelerate出发去某地:set off forhead for, leave for降低至:fall todecline to, decrease to, drop to要求:requestdemand, require消除:clearremove确保:ensureguarantee, make sure给予:giveoffer, provide, supply保持:keepmaintain导致:lead tocause, give rise to, result in, bring暴露:revealexpose提高:improveenhance, promote改变:changetransform与有联系:connect withassociate with建立:buildestablish, set up得到:getacquire, obtain, receive, earn拥有:havepossess, own感谢:thankappreciate表达:expressconvey解决:solvedeal with, resolve帮助:helpassist, aid确信:make sureensure认为:thinkconsider, believe, insist, hold损害:damagehurt, injure, harm, destroy保护:protectsecure, preserve致力于:be devoted tobe committed to展示:showreveal, illustrate, present允许某人做某事:give sb. permission to do sth.allow sb. to do sth.预订:bookreserve推迟:put offdelay转换:switchtransform, shift禁止:forbidban, prohibit区分:tell sth./sb. apartdistinguish由构成:be made up ofbe composed of, consist of维持:sustainsupport, maintain承 担 责任:shoulder/undertake ones dutybe responsible for, take responsibility增加:be on the riseincrease, multiply尽力做某事:do sth. to the best of ones abilitytry ones best to do sth. , spare no effort to do sth., make every effort to do sth.专心致志于:put ones heart intobe absorbed in, be bent on, be buried in51.发生:take placeoccur52.坚持:stick topersevere53.计划:planintend54.促使:contributepush, drive55.重建:rebuildrestart56.把归咎于:put. down toblame57.更关心:cake more aboutpay close attention to58.容纳:accommodatehold59.希望:wantdesire60.减少:reducecut, save61.开设:startrun62.集中(注意力):concentratefocus(3)形容词乏味的:boringdull, tiresome害怕的:afraidfrightened, scared出名的:famouswell-known显然的:obviousapparent, evident, clear严重的:serioussevere有益的: usefulhelpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding新的:newfresh, brand new, novel粗鲁的:rudeimpolite怀疑的:doubtfulskeptical快速的:fastspeedy最便宜的:the least expensivethe cheapest许多:manya sea of, an ocean of, abundant, numerous巨大的:bigenormous, vast, massive, huge聪明的:cleversmart, gifted, sharp-minded好的:goodfantastic, outstanding, remarkable穷的:in povertypoor, needy悲伤的:saddepressed, frustrated, disappointed重要的:importantsignificant, essential, critical, vital, crucial基本的:fundamentalbasic, essential神圣的:sacredholy充足的; 富裕的: rich plentiful, generous, abundant少量的:a small number of a handful of主要的:primarymain合理的:reasonablesensible, sound勇敢的:bravefearless, courageous开心的:happycheerful, delightful, thrilled艰难的:difficulttough, challenging有害的:harmfuldamaging传统的:traditionalconventional生气的:angryannoyed最初的:initialoriginal疲劳的:worntired, exhausted普通的;平常的:ordinarycommon惊奇的:surprisedamazed进一步的:follow-upnext棘手的:toughcomplex(4)副词非常:veryextremely, intensely最后:finallyeventually, ultimately起先:firstlyoriginally, initially大约:approximatelyalmost, about, around, nearly, roughly肯定地:certainlydefinitely, undoubtedly, obviously, apparently经常,总是:frequentlyconstantly, always立刻:right nowimmediately, shortly, right away事实上:as a matter of factpractically, in practice, in reality, in effect, in fact平稳地:steadilysmoothly决不,从不:neveron no account, at no time, under no circumstances偶尔,有时:now and thenat times, occasionally很少:rarelyseldom每天:day in and day outevery day缓慢地,轻微地:slightlyslowly, mildly, gently仅仅:onlymerely完全地:totallyabsolutely, completely目前:at presentnowadays, recently急剧地:dramaticallysharply(5)其他替换我认为:in my opinionpersonally, from my perspective关于:with regard toas for虽然:despite/regardless of the fact thatalthough/though 同时:at the same timemeanwhile, in the meantime因为:on account of the fact thatbecause对比:on the other handby contrast, on the contrary此外:in additionbesides, furthermore, moreover